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CORfRIGHT DEPOSIT 



TALE OF A DEDHAM TAVERN 



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TALE OF A T>ET>HAM 
TAFEKN 

History of 
THE NORFOLK HOTEL 

Dedham^ Massachusetts 

BY 

WALTER AUSTIN 



$* 



CAMBRIDGE 
fjritoatelp printeJ at X\z Eiijcrsine press 

MCMXII 



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COPYRIGHT, I9I2, BY WALTER AUSTIN 
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 



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PREFACE 

IN collecting the subject-matter for this story 
of a Tavern in Dedham, Massachusetts, I 
have availed myself largely of the material 
and facilities afforded by the Dedham Historical 
Society, Including the newspapers of Dedham be- 
ginning with the Columbian Minerva and continu- 
ing in an almost unbroken series to the present 
day, the Diaries of Nathaniel Ames, William Ames, 
and Herman Mann, and the books and records of 
various societies, clubs, and other Dedham organiz- 
ations. I am also Indebted to many of the resid- 
ents of Dedham for much information In regard 
to the facts within these pages. It is a pleasure 
to record my obligation to these people, and es- 
pecially to Miss Edna F. Calde-r and Julius H. 
Tuttle, Esq.; also to my cousin, G. Howard May- 
nadier, for many valuable suggestions. I also thank 
the Dedham Transcript for allowing me to quote 
freely from its files. 

W. A. 



CONTENTS 

I. Introduction i 

II. Martin Marsh, Landlord, 1801-1818 6 

III. Moses Gragg and Francis Jlden, Landlords, 

1818-1821 27 

IV. Moses Gragg, Landlord, 1 821-1828 38 
V. Francis Alden, Landlord, 1 828-1 840 57 

VI. Martin Bates and Others, Landlords, 1840- 

1866 114 

VII. Saint Mary's School and Asylum, 1 866-1 905 159 

VIII. Charles H. Gifordy 1905- 19 10 169 

Appendix A 175 

" The Passing of Lafayette'* 

Appendix B 1 81 

Index 187 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



The Original Tavern 




Frontispiece ^ 


Martin Marsh 






6'^'^ 


Francis Alden 






27^ 


Moses Gragg 






38^ 


Elephant 






44^ 


The Court House, dedicated 1827 






52 - 


The Tavern, 1829 






57 ' 


Advertisement of the Norfolk Hotel, i 


831 




62- 


A Dedham Stage Coach 






6s'' 


The Ballroom 






69^ 


Martin Bates 






114" 


Masonic Notice 






1 27 ^ 


Poster of the Society in Dedham for 


Apprehending 




Horse Thieves, 1843 






150 


The Norfolk Hotel, 1866-1905 






159*^ 


The Ballroom, 1905 






167^ 


The House to-day. North and South 


I views 




169^ 


The Hall 






171' 



TALE OF A T>ET>HAM 
TAVE'RN 

THE NORFOLK HOTEL 



Introduction 

IN the colonial days in New England the tavern, 
inn, or ordinary, as it was variously called, was 
one of the most prominent institutions in the 
community. Much news emanated from the tav- 
ern, brought by the traveller from his last stopping- 
place. Town-meetings and sittings of the court 
were at times held here. In the cold winters the 
comfortable fire and the other attractions, which 
could only be found here, were appreciated and en- 
joyed ; so that the tavern became a favorite meeting- 
place for the men of the settlement, holding very 
much the same position, as a rendezvous for the 
townspeople, as the post-office of our small New 
England towns of to-day. Our New England tav- 
erns held this prominent place in the community 
down to the time of the introduction of the steam 
railroad and the telegraph. 

The keeper of the tavern was often an important 
person in the town, the best-known, the most popu- 
lar, and perhaps the most picturesque and cheer- 
ful. He was usually informed on all public matters, 
[ I ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



— and private matters as well, and enjoyed the con- 
fidence of all who partook of his hospitality. He 
almost always held some public office. 

Speaking of the tavern keeper, James Fenimore 
Cooper says: ^ 

"The innkeeper of Old England and the inn- 
keeper of New England form the very extremes of 
their class. The former is obsequious to the rich; 
the other unmoved and often apparently cold. The 
first seems to calculate at a glance the amouat of 
profit you are likely to leave behind you, while his 
opposite appears to calculate only in what manner 
he can most contribute to your comfort without 
materially impairing his own. . . . He is often a 
magistrate, the chief of a battalion of militia or 
even a member of a state legislature. He is almost 
always a man of character, for it is difficult for any 
other to obtain a license to exercise the calling." 

The four principal landlords of the Norfolk Hotel, 
or Norfolk House, the subject of this "Tale, " were 
all prominent and influential citizens of Dedham. 

Dedham, being on the direct road from Boston 
to Providence, New York, and points farther south, 
had its full quota of taverns. The earliest tavern 
we have evidence of was Michael Powell's, who 
was licensed in 1646. The exact location of his 
tavern or ordinary, which must have been a very 
humble affair, has not been determined. 

^ Notions of the Americans, 1828, accredited to Cooper. See 
Stage-Coach and Tavern Days, by Alice M. Earle. 

[ 2] 



Introduction 



Then there was Woodward's Tavern, " the birth- 
place of the American Revolution," which stood 
near High Street, on the easterly side of the old 
road from the "Keye" on Charles River. This 
tavern was licensed to Joshua Fisher in 1658, who 
was later succeeded by his son. About 1735, Dr. 
Nathaniel Ames, Senior, the Almanac-maker, be- 
came landlord of the tavern, and his son, Fisher 
Ames, the distinguished Dedham statesman, was 
born here. Shortly before the Revolution, Richard 
Woodward succeeded him and the house was af- 
terwards known as "Woodward's Tavern." Here 
in September, 1774, met the famous Suffolk Con- 
vention where was chosen the Committee that 
drafted the first resolutions in favor of armed re- 
sistance to Great Britain, if necessary. Many dis- 
tinguished patriots have sat within its walls. This 
historic tavern was torn down in 1817.^ 

The site of the Phoenix House, corner of High 
and Washington streets, at one time the finest 
hotel in Norfolk County, and unfortunately de- 
stroyed by fire in 1880, was first occupied by a tav- 
ern the latter part of the eighteenth century. The 
house at various times was known as "Smith's 
Tavern," "Gay's," the "Dedham Hotel," "Pol- 
ley's," "Alden's," and "Bride's." The original 
building was destroyed by fire in 1832, and the new 
house arising from the ashes of its predecessor was 

^ See The Colonial Tavern, by Edward Field, Also Stage-Coach 
and Tavern Days, by Earle. 

[3 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



called the "Phoenix"; some of its landlords were 
James Bride, David Kingman, Adam H. White, 
Theodore T. Kimball, James Clark, John Tilton, 
Josiah D. Howe, and James Eaton. 

Two other well-known taverns in Dedham were 
Gay's Tavern, on Court Street, near Highland 
Street, and Howe's Tavern, on Court Street, near 
Church Street. 

The Norfolk Hotel, or Norfolk House, on Court 
Street, was the last of the old taverns. There were 
others in Dedham, but those mentioned above were 
the most prominent in the town as it exists to-day. 
It is to be noted that this tavern has been called 
the "Norfolk Hotel" or "Norfolk House." It was 
called by the former name until about 1850, and 
afterwards by the latter. It will be referred to here 
as the "Norfolk Hotel," as that was the name given 
it in 1 81 8 by its landlords, Gragg and Alden. But 
it has also been referred to as "Marsh's," "Gragg 
and Alden's," "Gragg's," "Alden's," "Bates's," 
"Haseltine's," "Mclntire's," etc.; for most tav- 
erns in the old days were called either by their 
established name or that of the individual or indi- 
viduals who happened to be landlord at the time. 

The subject of this "Tale" stands on the quad- 
rangle (comprising about five acres), now bounded 
by High Street, Court Street, Village Avenue, and 
Bullard Street, which was a portion of the original 
grant or apportionment of 1636 to "Ezechiell" 
Holliman, "a man of gifts and piety." By way of 

[41 



Introduction 



explanation I will state that the land comprising 
the town was originally granted by the General 
Court to a fewproprietors,who apportioned the lots 
to such individuals as were admitted into "Our 
Society," and who subscribed their names to the 
Covenant. These grants were first made during 
the year 1636.^ The grant to Holllman reads: 
"Ezechiell Holliman twelve Acres more or lesse 
as lyeth betweene the way leading from the keye to 
the Pond towards the East, & Nicholas Phillips 
towards y^ West & the waye leading to y* bury- 
ing place towards y^ South, the high Street through 
the same." 

Holliman conveyed all his land the following year 
to Joseph Kingsbury, who in 1638 conveyed to the 
town, "for a seat for a publique Meetinge house," 
one acre on High Street of the quadrangle referred 
to, and this is the lot upon which the First Church 
in Dedham now stands. Kingsbury also conveyed 
three acres of the quadrangle to John Phillips, re- 
taining the balance of the same; and in 1641 both 
conveyed their entire interests in the quadrangle 
to the church, which held an almost unencumbered 
title to the whole until 1801, when Martin Marsh 
bought, or rather leased, the land upon which he 
built his tavern, later to be known as the "Nor- 
folk Hotel." 2 

^ See Plan oj Dedham Village, Massachusetts, 1636-1876, published 
by the Dedham Historical Society. 

2 See Appendix; Report of Examiner, Land Registration Court, 
Boston. 



5 ] 



II 

Martin Marsh, Landlord, 1801-1818 

MARTIN MARSH was for many years 
one of the most active and respected 
citizens in Dedham and he filled many 
offices of trust and responsibility. He was born in 
Hingham in 1777 and died at Dedham, July 26, 
1865, at the age of eighty-eight. 

At the time of his death the Dedham, Gazette, 
August 5, 1865, published this obituary notice of 
him: — 

"Deacon Martin Marsh died in Dedham on the 
26th ult., in the eighty-ninth year of his age, leav- 
ing a widow with whom he had lived in the married 
state sixty-six years. He was born in Hingham and 
came here, on completing his majority, to commence 
life on his own responsibility. His thorough ac- 
quaintance with his business, his punctuality and 
fidelity to engagements soon won him the confi- 
dence of the community, and for many years he 
was busily at work in this and neighboring towns. 
His clear mind, honesty and integrity gave value 
to his opinions and services, and led him to be much 
occupied in public duties in varied departments. 
For thirty-six years he was Chairman of the Board 
of Overseers of the House of Correction; was re- 
peatedly reelected a Director and Treasurer of the 
Norfolk Insurance Company, and was a watchful 
guardian of the interests of our Savings Institu- 
[6] 




MARTIN MARSH 



Martin Marsh 



tion. Greatly respected by his fellow citizens, he 
was employed in town and parish affairs, was Se- 
lectman several successive years, and as Deacon 
of the First Church for a long period managed their 
large funds with admirable discretion. By indus- 
try and economy he acquired ample property. He 
was public-spirited; at all times ready to aid in 
whatever might contribute to the improvement of 
society. Though friendly to social progress he was 
conservative in his opinions, and was an earnest 
advocate of obedience to law and the sacred pre- 
servation of the institutions handed down to us 
from the fathers. Of quiet, unassuming manners, 
he rendered all honor to the claims of others, 
while he modestly concealed his own. His days 
were prolonged to an unusual length, but the in- 
firmities of age neither lessened his sympathy for 
others nor weakened his interest in persons and 
events. His life was a beautiful illustration of how 
much a man may do for himself and others by 
making Christian morals his rule of action. As he 
approached the end of his pilgrimage, he was sus- 
tained by a well-grounded hope that he should 
receive the approval of the Master — 'Well done, 
good and faithful servant. ' " 

He was connected with the Fire Department in 
1802,^ and was a candidate for Representative to 
Washington in 1844.^ 

1 Mann's Annals of Dedham, p. 1 14. 
* Norfolk Democrat, November 8, 1844. 

[7] 



A Dedham T'avern 



Early in the century the First Church in Dedham 
announced its desire to lease portions of its land for 
a long term of years, and we find this notice in the 
Columbian Minerva of January 6, 1801, the first 
newspaper publishedinDedham^ by Herman Mann, 
the elder: 

"A number of House Lots in Dedham will be 
leased for 999 years at public vendue on the prem- 
mises, on Monday the ninth day of February next 
at one of the clock, p.m., being laid out upon the 
land belonging to the Rev. Mr. Haven's Church 
near the Court House and Meeting House. The 
soil is good, the situation excellent for mechanics 
and such as wish to live retired in a pleasant village 
on the banks of the Charles River. 
"Jan. 6,1801 "Isaac Bullard, ^ Committee 

Fisher Ames, \ of the 
JosiAH Fisher, J Church.''^ 

Whatever the results of this notice, on June 15, 
1 801, Joseph Whiting, Aaron Fuller, and Isaac 
Bullard, Deacons of the First Church in Dedham, 
"lease, set out and to farm let to Martin Marsh of 
Dedham, mason," the land upon which his tavern, 
later called the "Norfolk Hotel," was built, "dur- 
ing the term of 999 years from date hereof" at a 
yearly ground rental of thirty dollars. ^ In 1809, 

1 First published in 1797. 

2 Norfolk Reg. of Deeds, Book 58, p. 203. By the Revised Laws of 
Massachusetts, chap. 129, sec. i, land demised for the term of one 

[ 8 ] 



Martin Marsh 



the church leased to him on similar terms the ad- 
joining southerly parcel, which extended as far as 
the lot upon which the "General Nathaniel Guild 
House" stands now.^ 

Marsh built his house, which forms the original 
part of the Norfolk Hotel, in brick, probably in 
1801 : "The first building erected on this estate for 
a hotel, and which forms a part of the present 
structure [Norfolk Hotel], was built in 1801 byMar- 
tin Marsh." ^ He was a mason by trade at this 
time, and for some years afterwards,^ and for a 
while at least his house apparently served the 
double purpose of a tavern and a mason's shop. 

At this time (1801) the only buildings of conse- 
quence on the First Church land which comprised 
the quadrangle before referred to, were the Meet- 
ing-House, the School-House built probably in 
1753 replacing the first free public School-House in 
the country, erected in 1649, and the Court-House 
built in 1795 after Norfolk County was carved out 
of Suffolk County in 1793 and Dedham made the 
shire town. Besides these buildings, within a short 
radius of the Marsh lot, were Minister Haven's 
house; Woodward's Tavern, before referred to; the 
homes of Fisher Ames and his brother, Nathaniel 

hundred years or more shall be regarded as an estate in fee-simple. 
The conveyances in this book will be treated as if made in fee-simple. 

1 Norfolk Reg. of Deeds, Book 58, p. 204. 

2 Dedham Gazette, July 7, 1866. 

^ Norfolk Reg. of Deeds, Book 58, p. 204, where his occupation is 
given. 

(91 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Ames; the Pitt's Head monument; the Old Epis- 
copal Church; Gay's and Howe's taverns; the Jail; 
the "Old Burial Place," which was set apart in 
1638 "for the use of a public Buriall place for ye 
Towne forever"; the site of the camp in 1782 of 
our French allies in the Revolutionary War; and 
some distance farther away the "Old Powder 
House." Truly historic ground! 

The first allusion to Marsh's house, though not 
as a tavern, seems to be in the Columbian Minerva 
of March 8, 1803: 

"Wanted, an active, steady Lad, from 14 to 17 
years old, as an Apprentice to the Mason Business. 
Apply to Martin Marsh, near the Court-House, 
Dedham, Feb. 28, 1803."! 

Lodges of Freemasons in America, following the 
custom in England, used to meet at taverns. 
Marsh's Tavern was for many years prominently 
identified with the Constellation Lodge of Free- 
masons. In the Columbian Minerva of October il, 
1803, we find this notice in regard to the lodge: 

^^ Masonic Installation. 

"The Constellation Lodge will be installed in 

ample form, on Wednesday, the 19th instant. A 

public Procession will be formed. Ceremonies will 

be in the Meeting House, First Parish, and com- 

1 See also issues for March 15, 1803, March 22, 1803, March 29, 
1803, April S, 1803, April 12, 1803. 

[ 10] 



Martin Marsh 



mence at twelve o'clock. Dinner will be provided 
at Brother Druce's, at half past two o'clock. Tick- 
ets may be had of the Stewards, at Brother Marsh's: 
" By order of the R. W. Master, 
"Isaac Whiting, Sec'y.'' 
"Oct. 10, A. L. S803." 

On the appointed day Constellation Lodge was 
constituted, and its officers installed in due form, 
by the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts. The so- 
lemnities were performed in the Rev. Mr. Bates's 
meeting-house, and gave much satisfaction to a 
very numerous, respectable and decorous assembly. ^ 

Martin Marsh and his successors, Francis Alden 
and Moses Gragg, were prominent Freemasons, 
and here in Marsh's Tavern for some years prior 
to the dedication of the Masonic Hall in 1829 were 
held meetings of the old Constellation Lodge, where 
prominent men of Dedham were raised to the sub- 
lime degree of Master Masons; and here in the 
dining-room of this tavern many Masonic ban- 
quets were given. 

The year 1804 marks the completion of the Nor- 
folk and Bristol Turnpike. Court Street formed a 
part of it and became still more a great thorough- 
fare for travel; and it is probable that about this 
time Marsh opened his house as a tavern in con- 
nection with his business as a mason. ^ 

^ Columbian Minerva, October 25, 1803. 

* In "Receipts of the Treasurer of Norfolk County from the Clerk 

[ II ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



The first mention of Marsh's house as a tavern 
seems to be in the Diary of Dr. Nathaniel Ames, 
the younger, a native of Dedham, and a man of 
original personality coupled with strong passions 
and prejudices: 

August 12, 1805: "Wm. Smith, surities only, 
Tav. at Marsh's." 

The following entries in Ames's Diary referring 
to the tavern are also noted : 

January 9, 1809: "Married John Howe and 
Clarissa Burrill at Marsh's tavern." 

Fly leaf of 18 10: "Henry Marsh, son of Martin 
sundry times innocl'd with kine pox." 

April 19, 1810: "Stage coach every day thro' 
Dedham sets oflF from Boston at 4 a.m. reaches Hart- 
ford at 8 P.M. begins 23d., runs it in 16 hours, 100 
m. little more than 6 m. an hour without stop — 
but relays every 10 miles!" The route passed by 
Marsh's Tavern. 

December i, 181 1: "Notified Gard. L. Chan- 
dler of meeting tomorrow of Ab' Rich'^^ C"^ at 
Marsh's." 

December 2, 181 1 (fly leaf): "All Ab' Richards 
C^ now grantees of his farm being notified to meet 
this day, only S. Richards Hez' Whiting Chestor 
Bullard and myself appeared, and appointed Ch' 
Bullard to examine and produce to next Monday 

of the Court of Common Pleas of the sums due by law on Licenses to 
Taverners," Martin Marsh is first mentioned as a Taverner "for the 
year past ending 1807," This book is owned by the Dedham Histori- 
cal Society. 

[12] 



Martin Marsh 



at 3 P.M. an Account of all the produce of the farm 
of season last in Ab. Richard's hand to meet at 
Marshes. But since learn that C. Haven has sued 
her mortgage and the next Monday only 2 ap- 
peared & adjourn'd to the next Monday when 
none appeared — so Ab"' Richards enjoys his Farm 
completely discharged of Debt except mortgages 
tho' sold & held by many grantees in title only for 
Partners cannot unite to assert their Rights. As 
the Sailor said, 'the Partnership was the worst 
Ship he ever sail'd in.'" 

March 4, 1812: "C. Com*^^ meet at Marsh's." 

April I, 1812: "A caucus or consult'n of Demos 
pretty full from all parts of town except So. Par. 
appoint committees from each squad to hunt out 
rep. voters and get them conveyance to poll, if lame 
or unable — at Marsh's Tavern." 

July 31, 1 81 2: "Consultn 29th of towns of Nor- 
folk agreed to hold Norfolk Consultn at Marsh's 
Dedham 3 Monday of Augt at 9 a.m. Thence to 
join Middlesex & Suffolk after, in Address to 
President. 1 1 towns rep at Boston met from Nor- 
folk." 

August 25,1812:" 2nd Conv'n at Marsh's agreed 
to support N. Ruggles for Congress." 

August 2, 1813: "Conv'n at Marsh's adj'd to 
i6th." 

February 2, 18 14: "Marsh began to run a Ded- 
ham stage in op. to Spencer Clarke's." 

March 10, 1814: "C. Conv'n at Marsh's." 
[ 13 ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



May 26, 1 8 14: "Engag'd at request of Dr. 
Richards, Marsh's stage to bring up chronicles." 

June 2, 1814:" Second Thursday Marsh's stage 
brings Endicot's J. Whiting J. Richards & J. Met- 
calf s Centinel." 

July 9, 1 8 14: "Got Patriot today by Dedham 
stage Marsh's." 

July 12, 1814: "Set Celeri plants hove away yes- 
terday, dried in sun at Marsh's yet grow but for 
want of attention many smother'd by earth roll'd 
in & buried them." 

Mar. 20, 1 81 5: "Convention of Repub. at 
Marsh's." 

June 30, 1 8 17: "Great parade to receive the 
Pres*** Monroe. Artillery arriv'd f r. upper towns in 
the morning. Crane's Division 1st of Militia ord'd 
out — cavalry to escort him fr S. boundary of Nor- 
folk to Boston. No! Only to Dedham, then, Presi- 
dent reviews the troops on the Great Common, near 
sunsetting — sleeps at Mr. Dowse's where many 
are attending — z^ July morning President walks 
from Dowse's to Polleys Tavern where I was the 
first introduc'd & shook hands with him vast 
many after kept him continually bowing untill 
Gen of division, that none offer to shake hands, but 
front & bow & pass by." 

From American Tracts^ 1812^ published same 
year: 



[ 14] 



Martin Marsh 



^^ Norfolk Convention 

"Pursuant to previous notice, Republican Dele- 
gates from the several towns in the County of Nor- 
folk assembled at MarsWs Tavern, in Dedham, on 
the 17th inst. at 9 o'clock a.m. The Hon, Thomas 
B. Adams was chosen President and Erastus Worth- 
ington, Esq. Secretary of the Convention. A com- 
mittee was chosen to prepare an Address and Re- 
solutions, expressive of the opinion and sentiments 
of the meeting." 

The "Address and Resolutions" approved the 
War just declared against Great Britain. 
Same (1812): 

"Norfolk Nomination 

"To the Friends of Peace, Liberty and Com- 
merce within the District of Norfolk. 

"A number of Delegates of the Republicans from 
the several towns comprising the Norfolk District, 
who were desirous of changing the Congressional 
Representative, and of nominating a more suitable 
candidate than the present member to represent 
said District in Congress of the U. S. after the 4th 
of March next, having met at Mr. Marsh's Tavern 
in Dedham, the 25th. inst. agreeably to previous 
notice in the Boston Patriot and Independent 
Chronicle, after having chosen Gen. Geo. Ellis, 
President, and John S. Williams Esq., Secretary, 
[ IS] 



A Dedham Tavern 



they unanimously agreed upon Nathaniel Ruggles 
Esq. of Roxbury as the most suitable person; and 
now beg leave publicly to nominate and recommend 
him to their fellow citizens throughout said Dis- 
trict, as the most suitable person to represent said 
District in the next Congress and In whose pa- 
triotism, fidelity and unblemished integrity, we 
have the highest confidence." 

It will thus be noticed that the Tavern early 
became a centre for political meetings, a distinc- 
tion which lasted beyond the middle of the century. 
The period from the beginning of the nineteenth 
century to the end of the War of 1812 was one of 
heated and violent political passions. Politics di- 
vided families, churchgoers, and communities, and 
entered Into trials for murder,^ and even the con- 
duct of funerals. Nathaniel Ames refused to at- 
tend the funeral of his brother, Fisher Ames, be- 
cause the Federalists had charge of the burial. ^ 

Marsh's Tavern was early identified with The 
Society in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves^ 
which Society for more than a hundred years has 
existed to the present day. Organized in 1810 as 
the "Detecting Society in Dedham," in 1814 it 
adopted the present name. The preamble to the 
old Constitution shows the purpose for which this 
Society was formed. ^ It reads: "The great number 

, ^ Thomas O. Self ridge Trial, 1806. 

2 Nathaniel Ames's Diary, 1808. 

3 Original Records in the Dedham Historical Society. 

[ 16] 



Martin Marsh 



of horses stolen from, amongst us and in our vi- 
cinity is truly alarming and calls for the attention 
of every well disposed citizen. It Is evident there 
has been, and probably will continue, a combina- 
tion of villains through the Northern States, to 
carry into effect this malignant design, and their 
frequent escape from the hand of justice stimulates 
them to that atrocious practice. And as that kind 
of property Is almost liable to be carried away out 
of our knowledge, it requires the utmost exertion of 
every good member of society to baffle and sup- 
press depredations of this kind, and in order more 
effectually to bring about this end, the following 
Articles are laid down." Sixteen articles follow and 
we find Martin Marsh's name among those of the 
subscribers. As there were no railroads, telephones, 
or telegraphs in those days to assist In running 
down horse thieves the necessity for this society 
at that time is apparent. 

At a meeting of the Inhabitants from different 
parts of Dedham, called June 4, 18 10, it was voted 
that the Constitution exhibited to said inhabitants 
for the organization of a "Detecting Society In 
Dedham" be adopted.^ At this meeting the fol- 
lowing officers were chosen: William Ellis, Clerk; 
Nathaniel Whiting, President; General George 
Ellis, Vice-President; Ellphalet Baker, Treasurer; 
Captain Ellphalet Thorp, John Endlcott, Joseph 

* Original Records of " The Detecting Society in Dedham"; in the 
Dedham Historical Society. 

[ 17 1 



A Dedham "Tavern 



Swan, Jr., Captain Jeremiah Baker, John Morse, 
Josiah Daniells, Moses Gay, William Phipps, 
Committee of said Society; William Ellis, Jr., Cal- 
vin Guild, Major Abner Ellis, Paul Ellis, John 
Guild, Obed Baker, Reuben Morse, John Fisher, 
Jr., Jason Messenger, Riders for the Society. 

The First Annual Meeting of this Society was 
"holden at Martin Marsh's" October 29, 18 10, 
when it was voted "that the annual meetings be 
holden at Mr. Martin Marsh's on the last Monday 
in October at the time pointed out in the Consti- 
tution." 1 

On October 31, 1 8 14, at the annual meeting "at 
Marsh's Inn," it was voted "that the title of this 
Society shall be The Society in Dedham for Appre- 
hending Horse Thieve s.'^^ ^ 

Annual meetings as well as special meetings of 
this Society were held at this Tavern from 18 10 
until 1849, when they began to be held in the 
Phoenix Hotel. The clerks who issued the calls for 
the meetings were successively Jonathan H. Cobb, 
William Ellis, and John Bullard. 

Like most towns Dedham had its Engine Com- 
panies. In 1 801 the first fire engine, called "En- 
gine No. I," or the "Hero," was purchased by vol- 
untary subscription of individuals and presented 

1 Original Records of "The Detecting Society in Dedham"; in the 
Dedham Historical Society. 

* Original Records of "The Detecting Society in Dedham"; in the 
Dedham Historical Society. 

[ 18 ] 



Martin Marsh 



to the town. The following year Engine No. 2, called 
the "Good Intent," was similarly presented to the 
town. These two fire engines were sufficient for 
the needs of the inhabitants until 1826, when the 
town acquired a third called the "Enterprise." In 
1 83 1 5 at a special meeting of the town, a certain 
sum was appropriated for the purchase of more fire 
engines, and this appropriation had the effect of 
increasing the number from three to eleven, the 
two largest being called the "Niagara" and "Wa- 
ter Witch." These two together with the "Hero," 
"Good Intent," and "Enterprise," were all located 
in the First Parish. Each engine had its own com- 
pany of men attached to it and keen was the rivalry 
existing between the organizations. The Norfolk 
Hotel was often selected for the annual meetings 
and dinners of the different companies. In the re- 
cords of the "Enginemen of Engine No. i," now 
owned by the Dedham Historical Society, are these 
entries : 

January 2, 1809: "The Company met at Mr. 
Marshes . . . Votes to except the report of their 
auditors on Treasurer's accompts. . . . Then the 
company proseded to the Chois of their officers. 
Elipht Baker Jr. was chosen Clark, Treas. and Col- 
lector. Calvin Guild was chosen Captain. Jason 
Messenger ist Lieut. Jesse Clap 2nd. Lieut. Voted 
to pay Mr. Lebosquet & John Baker ^i. for clean- 
ing the engine. Voted to pay Mr. Hunnewell's bill 
for making short hose $3.*^." 
[ 19] 



A Dedham Tavern 



January i, 1810: "The company met at Mr. 
Marshes." Reelected officers. Ebenezer Hunne- 
well, Richard Webb, Nath'l Owens, Solomon 
Briggs, Jesse Clap, and James North, all absent, 
and fined twenty cents apiece. 

January 6, 181 1 : "Engine Company met at Mr. 
Marsh's." 

January 4, 1 81 2: "The Company met at Mr. 
Marsh's and partook of the supper provided." 

January 4, 1813: "The Company met at Mr. 
Marsh's & partook of the supper there provided." 
For nearly forty years the various Engine Com- 
panies of Dedham continued to have many of their 
meetings and anniversaries at the tavern. Mention 
of them will be made later. 

The Tavern was also a favorite resort of the 
Militia. The "Orderly Book of the Second Com- 
pany of Cavalry in the First Division of Massa- 
chusetts" ^ has these entries: 

September 24, 1810: "This day the Company of 
Light Dragoons commanded by Capt. Artemas 
Newell convened at Marsh's Tavern in Dedham 
for the purpose of military exercise." 

October 5,1812: "This day Capt. James Tisdale's 
Company of Light Dragoons met at Mr. Martin 
Marsh's Tavern in Dedham for the purpose of mili- 
tary exercise." There are similar entries in 1813 
and 1814. 

The Norfolk Repository, published in Dedham by 

^ In the Dedham Historical Society. 
[ 20 1 



Martin Marsh 



Herman Mann, senior, and the successor of the 
Columbian Minerva^ has several references to 
Marsh's house: 

March 22, 1808: "To be let and entered upon 
the first of April next, a farm in Dedham, within 
one mile of the Court House. For further par- 
ticulars apply to Martin Marsh, near the Court 
House." 

April 27, 1809: "Jabez Chickering, Jr. has re- 
moved his office a few rods south of the Court 
House, adjoining Mr. Marsh's tavern." 

May 25, 1809: "Martin Marsh, near the Court 
House, Dedham, keeps constantly for sale Bricks, 
Tile, Lime, and Brads of all kinds." This notice 
is evidence that Marsh continued to be a mason as 
well as a taverner. 

November 2, 1809: A lost bundle is requested to 
be sent to Mr. Marsh's Tavern, in Dedham, 
and receive his own with the thanks of the 
owner. 

November 9, 1809: "The Annual Meeting of the 
Union Musical Society stands adjourned to meet 
at Mr. Marsh's Hall, on Wednesday the 15th in- 
stant. It is hoped a general attendance of the mem- 
bers will be given, as it is expected some interest- 
ing propositions will be made to the Society." 

The Dedham Gazette succeeded the Norfolk Re- 
pository. It was established by Jabez Chickering, 
with Theron Metcalf as editor. The following is an 
advertisement of the Dedham Stage, February 11, 
[21 ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



1 8 14, which was started by Martin Marsh ^ and 
continued for many years: 

* ' Dedham Stage 

"Martin Marsh respectfully informs the public 
that he has commenced running a Stage from Ded- 
ham to Boston. The stage will start every day, 
Sunday excepted, from his tavern adjoining the 
Court House in Dedham, at 7 o'clock in the morn- 
ing in the summer, and at half past eight during 
the winter season, and puts up at Mr. Davenport's 
tavern,ElmSt.,formerlyWing's Lane, Boston. . . . 
Seats may be taken at Mr. Davenport's, Elm St., 
or at Mr. Boynton's, Sign of the Lamb, Newbury 
St., Boston and at Marsh's Tavern, Dedham. Fare 
each way 62I cents. 

"Neat and convenient carriages, fleet and gentle 
horses, civil and obliging drivers, will constantly 
be provided and every exertion made to accommo- 
date the public. Small bundles carried and errands 
punctually done for the usual price." 

The same issue also advertises his tavern: 

''Welcomel^ Good Cheer! 

"The subscriber informs the public that he con- 
tinues to keep a Tavern in the brick house adjoin- 
ing the Court House in Dedham. He flatters him- 

* See also Nathaniel Ames's Diary, February 2, 1814, ante. 
[22] 



Martin Marsh 



self that his accommodations are such as will give 
general satisfaction to all who visit his house. He 
is constantly provided with the best provisions 
which the season affords, with pure Wines and good 
Spirits. He has a convenient stable, with a care- 
ful and obliging hostler. Every exertion shall be 
used to render the situation of Travellers and others 
who favor him with a call, easy and agreeable. 

''^Parties of Pleasure are informed that he has a 
large and convenient Hall for Dancing. 

Martin Marsh." 

Twice again the same year does Marsh advertise 
his stage in the Dedham Gazette: 
June lo, 1814: 

^^ Dedham Stage, Summer Establishment 

"The Dedham Stage, during the Summer season, 
will start from Mr. Marsh's Tavern in Dedham 
every morning at seven o'clock and put up at 
Davenport's tavern, Elm St., Boston. Starts from 
Boston at half past four in the afternoon, and re- 
turns to Mr. Marsh's in Dedham. . . . Letters, 
packages and small bundles carried as usual. Every 
exertion will be made to accomodate the public. 

" Martin Marsh 1 d ^ •. »> 
John Ellis ) ^ 
November 25, 1814: 



[23 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



"Dedham Stage, Removed 

"The stage which has formerly put up In Elm 
St., now puts up at Clark's Tavern, Brattle Square, 
Boston. During the winter it will start every day 
(except Sunday) from Marsh's Tavern in Dedham, 
at 8 o'clock A.M., and from Clark's Tavern in Boston 
at 3 o'clock P.M. 

John Ellis." 

The following references to the Tavern are found 
in the Dedham Gazette: 

January 21, 18 14: ^^ Lost. At or near the tavern 
of Mr. Marsh, a bundle containing nine pairs of 
worsted stockings." Reward offered. 

March 14, 1814: A notice to the members and 
stockholders of the Dedham Bank to meet at the 
house of "Martin Marsh, innholder," signed by 
Elijah Crane, Willard Gay, Samuel Haven, John 
Guild, Jabez Chickering, Horatio Townsend, Jere- 
miah Baker, and Martin Marsh. From this date 
until 1849 the annual and special meetings of the 
Dedham Bank were held in this Tavern, Jabez 
Chickering signing the notices as Cashier until 
about 1820 and E. Fisher, Jr., his successor, for 
the balance of the period. 

July 15, 1814: The Tax collector notifies certain 
citizens to pay their taxes "at Marsh's Inn." 

September 23, 1814: "Notice. The Friends of 
Peace and Commerce in Norfolk Congressional 
[24] 



Martin Marsh 



District are requested to meet at the house of Mar- 
tin Marsh October 3d. next at two o'clock p.m. to 
confer together respecting the choice of a Represen- 
tative to Congress, at the election in November 
next." 

December 12, 1817: 

" Public Sale. To be sold at public vendue at the 
house of Martin Marsh in Dedham, on Monday the 
15th. instant at 2 p.m. the tools that have been used 
in building the Jail. . . . 

"Calvin Guild, Auctioneer ^ 

As early as 18 14 Marsh endeavored to dispose of 
his tavern, but it was not until 1818 that he was 
successful. 

Dedham Gazette, May 6, 18 14: 

^^ A Good chance for a Tavern Keeper 

"For Sale. That large and convenient brick 
House, with stables and outhouses, now improved 
by the subscriber as a Tavern, adjoining the Court 
House in Dedham. The stand is one of the best 
in the County of Norfolk, and has a very great run 
of customers. As the present occupant intends to 
change his line of business, the premises will be 
sold, a great bargain to the purchaser. For par- 
ticulars inquire of the subscriber. 

"Martin Marsh." 
[25] 



A Dedham Tavern 



By this time Marsh's tavern had become one of 
the most popular taverns in the County. Its close 
proximity to the Court House brought it distin- 
guished patronage, and it had the honor of enter- 
taining and lodging many prominent jurists. Judges 
Thomas Dawes, Samuel Sewall, and Theophilus 
Parsons, and lawyers Samuel Dexter, Fisher Ames, 
and James Otis were among those who frequently 
attended Court in Dedham in the early days of the 
century and doubtless partook of Marsh's hospi- 
tality. 



^^^ 1^^ 




FRANCIS ALDEN 



Ill 



Moses Gragg and Francis Alden, Landlords^ 
1818-1821 

JUNE 6, 1 81 8, Martin Marsh at last changed 
his line of business and conveyed his land on 
Court Street with all its buildings to Moses 
Gragg and Francis Alden for ^5000.^ Both of these 
men were of sturdy, old New England stock and 
commanded the respect of everybody. A short 
sketch of their lives is added later. 

They undertook to make their tavern a success. 
They called it for the first time the "Norfolk 
Hotel," and from this time to the middle of the 
century this tavern, together with the one at the 
corner of High and Washington streets, Dedham, 
later the Phoenix, became the principal and best- 
known public houses in that portion of Norfolk 
County. For the next thirty or forty years the 
Norfolk Hotel became a centre for all sorts of meet- 
ings and social gatherings. 

Gragg and Alden celebrated the birth of the new 
Norfolk Hotel with a grand dinner on the 4th of 
July, within less than a month of their joint owner- 
ship. The Dedham Gazette of July 10, 181 8, de- 
scribes the dinner and also mentions for the first 
time the tavern with its new name: 

1 Norfolk Reg. of Deeds, Book 58, p. 203. 
[ 27 ] 



A Dedham l^avern 



^^Anniversary 

"Until this year there has been no general notice 
of the Fourth of July by the Citizens of this town 
since 1812. On Saturday last a large number of 
our respectable citizens assembled at the Norfolk 
Hotel for the purpose of celebrating the anniver- 
sary of the birthday of our Independence. Hon. 
James Richardson presided at table, assisted by 
James Foord, Esq., as Vice-President. 

"A most elegant and sumptuous dinner was pre- 
pared by Messrs. Gragg and Alden, which did great 
honor to their taste, and which had never been 
equalled in any previous entertainment. Every- 
thing was harmonious and pleasant, and formed 
an agreeable contrast with the divisions and aliena- 
tions of former times. The following toasts were 
given : 

" The Day we celebrate — When the sons of the 
Republic assemble round the altar of patriotism to 
sacrifice to the memory of their Fathers. 

" The President oj the United States — Supported 
by the affections of the people he fears not the 
intrigues of any rival. 

" The Governor and Lieut. Governor — The Sword 
and Bible of the Commonwealth. 

" The Judiciary of the United States — The 
Priests that minister round the sacred ark of the 
Constitution. 

^^ Agriculture J Commerce and Manufactures — 
[28 ] 



Moses Gragg and Francis Alden 

Like the Ohio, Illinois and Missouri, pouring their 
united streams in the mighty current of natural 
wealth and grandeur. 

"Civil and Religious Liberty — To be enjoyed 
only while the majority are without a persecuting 
spirit, and the minority without a factitious one. 

" The Memory of Washington. 

" The Memory of James Otis — The earliest and 
most efficient promoter of the spirit and measures 
which led to our Independence. 

" The late General Putnam — Whom no one dared 
to call a coward while he lived. 

"Henry Clay — The ambitious statesman of the 
West. We hope the potter hath not made him a 
vessel of dishonor. 

"Our relations with Spain — May not the pride 
of the Dons make them blood relations. 

" The Town of Dedham — Were not Ames and 
Dexter her children. 

" The Temple of our Liberties — May its sacred 
halls never be profaned by the intrusion of party 
spirit." 

Later in the year 1818 is the second reference to 
the house as the "Norfolk Hotel." ^ 

Nathaniel Ames refers to the Tavern as "Grag 
& Alden's" in his Diary, July 4, 181 8: "Capt. 
Bingham's Co. in new uniform make good parade. 
And Federal opp° get a contemptible minority at 
Grag & Alden's." 

* Dedham Gazette, October 2, 1818. (Dedham Bank meeting). 
[29] 



A Dedham Tavern 



We are indebted to the Diary of Herman Mann, 
the editor, and son of the Herman Mann referred 
to before, for much information relating to our 
Tavern. He was born in Walpole, Massachusetts, 
in 1795 and died at Dedham in 1851. His Diary ^ 
preserved in the Dedham Historical Society, and 
written between the years 18 19 and 1851, gives a 
valuable history of Dedham during that period. 
The following are some extracts from the Diary: 

December 6, 18 19: "At a meeting of the singers 
(of the First Parish) this evening at Gragg and 
Alden's, Edmund M. Richards was chosen Clerk, 
Capt. J. Fales, J. Chickering Esq., Wm. Fairbanks, 
Capt. P. Bingham and I. Whiting were chosen 
choristers for the ensuing year. J. Guild, P. How- 
ard and J. Chickering Esq. were requested to play 
on the viol. An invitation was received from the 
Abbey or opposition singers to join them in learn- 
ing pieces for the dedication of their meeting house; 
when it was voted that the singers act according to 
the dictates of their conscience with regard to sing- 
ing in the new meeting house at the dedication." 
The singers of the First Parish assembled several 
times afterwards at the Tavern.^ 

June 24, 1820: "S^ JohrCs Day. It was cele- 
brated in this town by Constellation Lodge, who 
were joined by a large number of the fraternity 
from neighboring towns; nearly 200 masons in the 

1 H. Mann's Diary : January 19, 1820, March 15, 1820, April 7, 
1820, November 27, 1820, February 7, 1821, December 10, 1821. 

[ 30] 



Moses Gragg and Francis Alden 

procession, besides a large number of 'fair sisters.' 
The whole, by invitation, were escorted by the 
Dedham Light Infantry. . . . The Infantry dined 
at Gragg & Alden's." 

Of this occasion the Village Register of June 30, 
1820, says: "Agreeably to public notice the Festi- 
val of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist was 
celebrated In this town on Saturday last by Con- 
stellation Lodge. The Boston Encampment of 
Knights Templars, the Council of Royal Masters 
and St. Paul's Royal Arch Chapter, and a large 
number of brethren and companions attended in 
their due order and rank, and with their proper 
badges. The procession was formed at Mason's 
Hall, under the escort of the Dedham Light In- 
fantry, which had politely tendered their services 
to the fraternity on the interesting occasion. The 
procession proceeded to Mr. Marsh's ^ where it 
was joined by a large number of fair sisters, and 
then proceeded to the parish meeting house, where 
the services were performed, we do not hesitate to 
say in the most satisfactory manner, to a crowded 
audience. The Rev. Mr. Richardson's Sermon, 
showing the intimate connection between masonry 
and religion, did equal credit to his head and his 
heart. Mr. Knapp's Oration, conquering many of 
the popular objections to the fraternity, displayed 
the Ingenuity of the man of talents, the classical 
taste of the scholar, and the zeal of the philanthro- 

^ "Gragg & Alden's" may be meant. 
[ 31 1 



A Dedham Tavern 



pist. We have heard with pleasure, that these 
gentlemen have consented to let their productions 
be published by the lodge. 

"After the public exercises of the day, the pro- 
cession returned to Mr. Marsh's,^ where the ladies, 
the fraternity, a number of the clergy, the select- 
men of the town, the parish committee, and a num- 
ber of gentlemen of distinction partook of an ele- 
gant dinner. We have never witnessed a more 
splendid procession, or one distinguished by such 
order and decorum. In one word, everything dis- 
played elegance, taste and regularity." 

The following toasts were given: "The Day," 
"Our Country," "The Governor of the Common- 
wealth," "The Memory of Washington," "The 
Barque of Masonry," "The Opposers of Masonry," 
"The Clergy," and "The Ladies." After the cloth 
was removed, the following among other toasts 
were given: 

"Owr three late Presidents^ John Adams ^ Thomas 
Jefferson and James Monroe — Their names and 
their works shall be hallowed, while grass grows, or 
water runs. 

" The Female Sex — The best and handsomest 
piece of domestic furniture is a virtuous, an ami- 
able woman. 

^^ Party Distinction — May he who boasts of 
better blood in his veins than that of his neighbors, 
be tied up to his own pedigree by his heels, till his 

1 "Gragg & Alden's." 
[ 32] 



Moses Gragg and Francis Alden 

brains if he has any settle where they ought 
to be. 

^^ John Quincy Adams — The North Star of the 
United States — to him we look with confidence. 

"0/J Maids — May they never suflFer from the 
neglect of old or young bachelors. 

^^Fire — like a wife — good in its place, but 
when it gets the upper hand, the devil take it." 

In addition several other toasts were given. 

The Dedham Light Infantry, alluded to before, 
had their dinner the same day at "Gragg & Al- 
den's." The Village Register describes it: 

" The Dedham Light Infantry, commanded by 
Capt. Jesse Farrington, by invitation, formed a 
handsome military escort to the Masonic Proces- 
sion in this town, in the celebration of the nativity 
of St. John the Baptist, on the 24th. inst. Previous 
arrangements having been made the Company par- 
took of an excellent dinner at Gragg and Alden's 
Hotel. After which, amidst much harmony and 
conviviality, the following Toasts were drank: 

"S^. John's Day — If that celebrated Saint had 
a secret more valuable than the worship of one Su- 
preme Deity, universal benevolence to man and 
charity to all — that secret is worth knowing. 

^'Massachusetts — Though its great Northern 
Limb is amputated from its original trunk, may 
it take deep root and flourish — and the fruits of 
both stock and branch continue mutually inter- 
changeable in the common market. 

[331 



A Dedham "Tavern 



*^Dr. John Brooks — Governor of Massachusetts 
— may his prescriptions have the most salutary 
effect on all its citizens." 

The other toasts given were "The Arts and 
Sciences," "The Whole Fraternity of Masons," 
"The Citizens of Dedham," "The Tree of Lib- 
erty," "Demolition of the Inquisition," "The Sum- 
mer Solstice," "Kings, Tyrants, and Hereditary 
Knaves," "Piracy on the High Seas," "Peace and 
Plenty," and "The American Fair." 

The Village Register^ first published in 1820 by 
Asa Gowen, continued by Jonathan H. Cobb and 
Barnum Field, and later passing into the control 
of Herman and W. H. Mann, has various notices 
that show the importance of the Tavern: 

July 7, 1820: One Edward H. Robbins in a ''No- 
tice to Pensioners'^ states that "he shall attend at 
the house of Messrs Gragg and Alden, Dedham, 
and as long during the setting of the Court as he 
can be useful to his meretorious & suffering fellow 
citizens, who are to be the subject of judicial en- 
quiry, for the purpose of attaining justice, — and 
tenders them his services in aid of their claims, so 
far as same can be supported by law, free from 
charge or expectation of reward." 

July 14, 1820: 

''Sheriff's Sale. Norfolk ss. Taken by virtue of 
writs and will be sold at Public Auction by consent 
[34] 



Moses Gragg and Francis Alden 

at the House of Gragg & Alden, Innholder at 
Dedham, on Monday next, 4 p.m., one bellows top 
chaise, & harness for same. 

John Baker, Jr., D. Sk'ff.''^ 

September 15, 1820: "On Monday last an 
American Eagle was seen perched upon a tall elm 
in front of Messrs Gragg and Alden's summer es- 
tablishment on the Island, about a half mile from 
the village. He was shot. He measured, when 
dead, 5 feet 6 inches from wing to wing." Gragg 
himself shot the eagle. ^ 

September 22, 1820: ^^ Stolen. Two silver tea 
spoons, marked with the letters, D.R.D. For par- 
ticulars inquire at Norfolk Hotel." 

October 27, 1820: Reference to Daniel Webster 
attending court in Dedham and Chief Justice Par- 
ker of the Supreme Bench presiding with Justices 
Thatcher, Jackson, and Putnam. Webster argued 
for the defendant in the well-known case of Baker 
et ah, Deacons of the First Church in Dedham, vs. 
Fales. This case decided that where a majority of 
the members of a Congregational Church separated 
from the majority of the parish, the members who 
remain, although a minority, constitute the church 
in such parish, and retain the rights and property 
belonging thereto.^ 

The Rev. Mr. Lamson was ordained minister 

^ See also Mann's Diary, September 1 1, 1820. 
2 16 Mass. Reports, 488. 

[ 35 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



of the First Church, though there was considerable 
opposition to his settlement, and the case above 
cited finally closed the controversy. Moses Gragg 
made some interesting notes in connection with 
this case for the benefit of his children, which are 
now in possession of his daughter, Mrs. Caroline 
A.Richards. He writes: 

"In October, 1818, Mr. Lamson was ordained, 
and the ordaining Council met at our house [Nor- 
folk Hotel]. It was a large body being the minister 
and two laymen from each church. They had two 
days session before they got through, for there was 
great opposition to Mr. Lamson's settlement, but 
he was ordained minister of the First Parish in 
Dedham. This transaction gave us a large amount 
of business for we provided for the council and it 
brought us a large number of lookers on whom 
we had to provide for at the same time. This 
gave us quite a reputation for I think the council 
at the close of their deliberations passed a vote 
of thanks, saying they never had been so well 
provided for on any previous occasion of the kind, 
as at the present, by Gragg and Alden, the new 
and popular landlords. The settlement of Mr. 
Lamson divided the parish and led to a long and 
bitter litigation, and our house was the place for 
most all of the meetings, and there were many. 

"During the winter there were many dances and 
while the sleighing lasted we had as much business 
as we could attend to, for our house was the new 
[ 36] 



Aloses Gra^ and Francis Alden 

place for the sleigh-riders — the way the mulled 
wine ^ was disposed of was a caution. 

"The Courts were very fully attended and we 
had our share of the patronage." 

November i, 1821, Francis Alden conveyed his 
undivided half interest in the Norfolk Hotel, land, 
and outbuildings to his partner, Moses Gragg, 
and himself became landlord of the tavern which 
he named the "Dedham Hotel," ^ corner of High 
and Washington streets, then owned by Timothy 
Gay, and later the site of the Phoenix House. Here 
he remained landlord until 1828, when he returned 
to the Norfolk Hotel, buying out Gragg. 

The following is a notice of the dissolution of 
partnership published at the time: 

''^Copartnership Dissolved 

''Notice is hereby given that the copartnership 
heretofore existing under the firm of Gragg & 
Alden, is by mutual consent this day dissolved. 

Moses Gragg. 

Francis Alden. 

"The business in future will be conducted at the 
old stand of the Norfolk Hotel, by Moses Gragg. 

Nov. I, l82I."3 

^ The recipe is one quart Madeira, boiling hot, one half pint hot 
water, six eggs beaten light, sugar to taste. See Field's Colonial 
Taverns. 

* Village Register, January II, 1822. 

* Village Register, November 2, 1821. 

[37] 



IV 



Moses Gragg, Landlord, 1821-1828 

MOSES GRAGG was born at Groton, 
Massachusetts, In 1791 and died in Cam- 
bridge, Massachusetts, In 1885. In 1817 
he was commissioned Adjutant of the First Regi- 
ment Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteer Mllltla. 
After leaving the Norfolk Hotel In 1828 he, moved 
to Milton and later to Roxbury. He became a 
member of the Massachusetts House of Repre- 
sentatives, and In Roxbury held the position of 
Superintendent of Streets. He was also a member 
of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company. 
At the time of his decease he was the oldest pen- 
sioner of the War of 1 812-15 on the United States 
pension rolls In the Boston agency. 

Gragg made no material alterations or additions 
to his tavern as Francis Alden did afterwards, 
though he must have built himself a new tavern 
sign or had the old one repainted; for Mrs. Horace 
Bacon, daughter of Francis Alden, remembers that 
a bust of Washington was painted in the centre of 
the sign, with the words "Norfolk Hotel" across 
the top and the date "1822" underneath. This 
was the regular swinging tavern sign which the 
law required to be placed in front of every tav- 
ern in those days, and was attached to a sixty- 
foot flagstaff. 

I 38 ] 




MOSES GRAGG 



Moses Gragg 



The first reference to the Tavern under the sole 
management of Gragg is found in Mann's Diary 
under date of December lo, 1821: "Chorister 
Meeting. Annual meeting of the singers of the 
First Church and Parish, at Gragg's Hotel this 
evening. . . . The meeting closed according to 
ancient custom by singing Old Hundred ! " William 
Fairbanks was chosen President at the meeting. 

The Norfolk Hotel now became a popular place 
for all sorts of functions. The hall on the ground 
floor must have been well suited for dancing, for 
various classes for the instruction of that "polite 
accomplishment" now began to be held there and 
continued for many years. Later, when the ell 
containing the ballroom was added there was no 
finer floor in the County. 

The first reference to dances In that hall is In the 
Village Register, August 2, 1822 : " Summer Dancing 
School. Mr. Stimson respectfully informs the in- 
habitants of Dedham that his school for the in- 
struction of young Masters and Misses in the po- 
lite accomplishments of Dancing will commence 
Aug. 13th, at 2 P.M. at Mr. Gragg's Hall." The next 
spring the same gentleman announces a ^'Spring 
and Summer Dancing School" ^ at the same hall, 
and during the summer a Mr. Barber also opened 
a school for dancing there.^ 

Later in the year the Village Register, November 



Village Register, April i8, 1823. 
Village Register, July 25, 1823. 

[39] 



A Dedham T^avern 



21, 1823, announces that "Mr. Withycombe from 
England proposes commencing a course of instruc- 
tion for the polite accomplishment of Dancing, on 
Dec. 1st, in Mr. Gragg's Hall. Great Attention will 
be paid to the deportment of the pupils to give an 
easy and graceful appearance in society." And in 
1825 James Clark advertises a school for dancing 
at " Mr. Gragg's Hall. ... It is his intention of 
keeping an afternoon class for Masters and Misses, 
and an evening school for a Senior Class. His day 
school to commence at half past three p.m., his 
evening school at 6 o'clock. Terms, six dollars."^ 
Village Register, May 17, 1827: "Day school for 
the Instruction of young Ladies, Masters and 
Misses in Dancing. 

Mr. L. Stimson 

respectfully informs the inhabitants of Dedham 
that he proposes opening a school at Mr. Gragg's 
Hall. ... He will be happy to have his former 
scholars enter to practice Cotillions the last quar- 
ter, as they are the most fashionable dances of the 
present day. His time will not only be devoted 
to this, but particular attention will be paid to 
their manners and deportment." 

Besides dancing, Gragg's Hall seemed well 
adapted for singing: 

Village Register, April 18, 1823: "Mr. E. Shaw 
tenders his professional services to the young ladies 

^ Fillagg Register, March 31, 1825. 
[40] 



Moses Gra^ 



and gentlemen of Dedham, ... A class to be 
formed to Instruct in the useful and agreeable ac- 
complishment of Singing; at Mr. Gragg's Hall." 

Mann's Diary ^ December i8, 1823: "Concert. 
Was much gratified this evening and the preceding 
with the musical performance of Mr. D. King, at 
Gragg's Hall. Mr. K's talents in sentimental songs 
are far above mediocrity; and his comic songs 
(dressed in character) kept the audience in con- 
tinued good humor." 

The Engine Companies have been mentioned be- 
fore. The following are references to the years 1823 
and 1824, when they met at "Gragg's Hotel": 

Village Register, January 10, 1823: "The two 
Engine Companies on Monday last celebrated their 
annual anniversary. They partook of an excellent 
entertainment at Mr. Gragg's Hotel, and were 
honored with the company of a number of highly 
respectable guests. James Richardson, Esq. pre- 
sided." 

The next year, January 5, 1824, Mann describes 
their annual meeting in his Diary: 

"Annual meeting of the two Engine Companies. 
This meeting being the annual meeting of the two 
Engine Companies of this village, they united as 
usual, and celebrated their anniversary at Mr. 
Gragg's Hotel. A handsome entertainment was 
provided. The regular toasts were liberal and pa- 
triotic In sentiment. Rev. Mr. Boyle and Lamson 
were present, together with several other citizens. 
[41 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



"The Court of Sessions are now convened in 
this place; and it being understood that they con- 
template erecting a contemptible ten foot building 
near the present Court House for the safe keeping 
of the County Records, etc. instead of building a 
handsome and commodious new Court house, as is 
most generally desired by the people, it has caused 
great dissatisfaction and discontent among the citi- 
zens. Being called upon for a toast this evening I 
gave the following: 

^^ Public Spirit — May the respectable appear- 
ance of our public buildings convince sojourners 
that our citizens are neither mean nor parsimoni- 
ous. 

"The following was incorporated among the se- 
lect toasts. It alludes to the Caucus which it seems 
is about to be held by some of the members of 
Congress at Washington, for the purpose of nomin- 
ating a candidate for the Presidency, which is, at 
the present time, and it appears to me always ought 
to be, very unpopular: 

" The Presidential Caucus Engine — May it 
burst upon its first trial of strength, and scatter 
its foul waters on the heads of its framers." 

James Richardson, S. Noyes, W. Bullard, M. 
Richards, and E. Fisher, Jr., proposed toasts on 
this occasion.^ 

The following year the two Engine Companies 
of the village again celebrated their anniversary 

1 Village Register, January 9, 1824. 
[42] 



Moses Gragg 



at the Norfolk Hotel where an elegant entertain- 
ment was provided. After the cloth was removed, 
a number of appropriate and spirited toasts were 
drunk, and the evening was passed with much 
hilarity.^ 

By 1828 the number of Engine Companies had 
increased to three, — the "Hero," the "Enter- 
prise," and the "Good Intent." Mann describes 
their anniversary that year in his Diary : ^ " Engine 
Anniversary. The three Engine Companies of this 
town held their anniversary this evening at Gragg's 
Hotel. An elegant supper was provided. J. Rich- 
ardson, Esq. presided, assisted by H. Mann. The 
evening passed with much harmony and hilarity. 
Rev. Messrs. Boyle, Lamson and White were pre- 
sent. Being called upon for a toast, I embodied the 
names of the three engines and roared out the fol- 
lowing: ^ The Vigilant Engineman — while in the 
performance of duty may he unite the courage of 
a Hero with the spirit of Enterprise, and may Good 
Intent be his motto.' As the evening advanced and 
the wine gradually disappeared I could not resist 
a second call and gave another." 

The members of the Engine Companies were able 
not only to point a hose, but a rifle as well, and 
many a Turkey Shoot did they and others attend 
in the vacant fields about Dedham. Thanksgiving 
was a favorite date for this amusement. There was 

1 Village Register, January 6, 1825. 
* Mann's Diary, January 7, 1828. 

I 43] 



A Dedham T'avern 



always great fun at the taverns, where the losers 
paid for the suppers. 

Herman Mann in his Diary, Dec. 27, 1822, men- 
tions a Turkey Shoot "on Wigwam Plain, a little 
eastward of the pond." The sportsmen afterwards 
had their supper "at Gragg's Hotel." 

The old-fashioned Turkey Shoot is thus described 
by Mann: ^ 

"A number of the marksmen of this village met 
this morning with their rifles for the purpos,e of 
recreation as well as improving themselves in gun- 
nery. It was agreed to fire upon sides ; and two of 
the reputed best gunners were designated to choose. 
Twenty-six dead turkeys had been procured by the 
Company and every man was to fire ten shots. The 
turkeys hit were to be retained and divided among 
the party who won them. A piece of ground was 
selected and the turkeys set off about 30 rods. 
There were nine gunners upon each side and the 
turkeys were all hit before five rounds were com- 
pleted. Pieces of paper were then substituted and 
placed on a plank at the same distance. The party 
that hit the least number of marks were to defray 
the supper expenses of their opponents." 

In 1822 an extraordinary visitor at the Tavern 
was an Elephant. Whether the animal was exhibited 
in the house itself, as the advertisement reads, or, 
as is more likely, in the yard or possibly the stable, 
does not appear. The occasion was heralded by the 

^ Mann's Diary, November 26, 1822. 
[44] 



VN EXIT! BIJ ION 










1 



t; '■(•en at 
l>L.|}ia;i., 



Tavern, 



\V1> 



.ll ' 



Mr. M Cragg 
IhisDiV Only, 

V\ie Learned ELF;Vl\i\.\-T, 

rh f(ir Sag..city and Docility, exceeds anv 
rver importrd into ihis country, wdl ^o 

:;Tii t '- r asioiiisliinp; perir.ormancts which 
dnnrition of every l)ct)oldcr. 
.,,'i.,i,^c i. 1 - Cents. Children half pric- 
ni>;iir;n Irom 9 oVIuck in the Mornin',', ur.- 
Evening. Ma\ 



Moses Gragg 



Village Register of May 24, 1822, as shown in the 
Illustration. 

The Norfolk Hotel played a part in the celebra- 
tion of Independence Day in 1822 and 1823: 

Village Register, June 21, 1S22 -/' Jttention : The 
patriotic citizens of Dedham and its vicinity, who 
are in favor of celebrating the glorious anniversary 
of American Independence are requested to meet 
at the Norfolk House this evening at 8 o'clock." 

At this meeting it was proposed by J. Chickering, 
Esq., to celebrate the 4th of July by forming an 
Agricultural Society on that day, and a committee 
was formed for that purpose. According to Mann ^ 
"this gave offense to many as it was construed into 
an attempt to divert the people from assembling 
to celebrate this era of our Independence by fixing 
their attention on this Society. However plausible 
a way this might be if such was the object of the 
projectors of it, I rejoice to say it did not suc- 
ceed." 

Mann's Diary, July 4, 1823: "July 4, 1823, was 
celebrated with the usual demonstration of joy. 
The dinner was provided by Mr. Gragg; the tables 
were spread on the grass plot adjoining the Meet- 
ing House. About 300 citizens partook. The toasts 
were many and patriotic, a band of music from 
Stoughton and the old cannon added to the cheers 
with which they were received by the Company. 
Hon. James Richardson presided and read the De- 

1 Diary, July 4, 1822. 

[45I 



A Dedham "Tavern 



claratlon of Independence. A spirited oration by 
Horace Mann." 

Toasts given by Rev. Alvan Lamson, General 
Nathaniel Guild, Jonathan H. Cobb, William Ellis, 
John B. Derby, Alvan Fisher, John D. Fisher, 
Samuel Noyes, Dr. S. Bugby, Rev. Isaac Boyle, 
Rev. M. White and Charles C. Sewall.^ 

Horace Mann, referred to above, "for several 
years lived at the Norfolk House then kept by 
Capt. Alden." 2 

The ^''Dedham Reading-Room^' had two meet- 
ings at "Gragg's Tavern" in 1823: 

Village Register, November 23, 1823: ^^ Dedham 
Reading Room. The subscribers to the Reading 
room are requested to meet this evening at 
Gragg's Tavern for the purpose of organizing and 
for the adoption of such measures as may be neces- 
sary to attain the objects of the Association. John 
W. Ames, James Richardson, Jeremy Stimson." 

Mann's Diary, December 2, 1823: "Attended a 
meeting of the members of the Reading Room at 
Mr. Gragg's. . . . The number of members at 
present is 36. J. W. Ames, Rev. A. Lamson and E. 
Fisher Jr., Standing Committee for the first year. 
E. Foord, Clerk and Treasurer." 

It is also likely that the Sabbath School of the 
First Church, organized in 18 16, had its sessions 
about this time in the Norfolk Hotel, probably 

1 Village Register, July 12, 1823. 

* Dedham Historical Register, January, 1895, p. 17. 

[46] 



Moses Gra. 



'SS 



immediately after the sale and pulling down of the 
brick school-house in 1823. 

LAFAYETTE 
The Nation's Guest, 1824 

The most conspicuous visitor in Dedham during 
Gragg's landlordship was General Lafayette. He 
arrived in New York August 16, 1824, on the ship 
Cadmus from France, and was greeted by the citi- 
zens of that city and the other places he visited in 
the country during his triumphal progress as the 
Nation's guest, with the most lively and heartfelt 
demonstrations of joy and gratitude. He soon left 
New York for Boston by way of New Haven, Say- 
brook, New London, and Providence, passing 
through Dedham August 23 and arriving in Bos- 
ton the next day. "He was handsomely escorted the 
whole distance by the civil and military authori- 
ties. " ^ Josiah Quincy, the Governor's Aide-de- 
Camp, attended him while within the State. 

Mann's Annals of Dedham gives an excellent 
description of this visit to the town : 

"Aug. 23, 1824, arrival of the Nation's Guest. 
General Lafayette arrived here (Dedham) at half 
past ten o'clock in the evening, and stopped at 
Alden's Hotel. The loud and repeated cheerings 
from the assembled citizens, who had continued to 
collect through the day in expectation of his ar- 

^ Mann's Diary, August 24, 1824. 
I 47] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



rival, — the salute of the artillery, the ringing of 
bells, and the brilliant illumination of the houses in 
the village, gave some faint evidence of the satis- 
faction experienced by all on the arrival among us 
of this distinguished Revolutionary Chief, this 
friend of America in her time of need, and of lib- 
erty throughout the world. He tarried here but one 
hour, during which time hundreds of ladies and 
gentlemen had the gratification of shaking hands 
with the General; and had he tarried until morning 
the time would have been too short to gratify all 
who aspired to that honor. General Lafayette is a 
remarkably tall, majestic looking man, about sixty- 
eight years of age, and was dressed in a plain citi- 
zen's dress. He was accompanied by his son and 
one or two other French gentlemen of his house- 
hold. At half past eleven he entered his carriage, 
and was again greeted with the three times three 
cheers of the citizens, and was escorted by a caval- 
cade of about one hundred horsemen to the seat of 
Governor Eustis in Roxbury, where he spent the 
night. 

"August 24th, the town was nearly deserted by 
the inhabitants; old and young hastened to Boston 
to witness the reception of the Nation's Guest in 
that city. A cavalcade of two thousand mounted 
horsemen escorted the General from the seat of 
Gov. Eustis to the city line, where he was received 
by the Mayor and Aldermen, and escorted through 
the city by the light infantry companies of the me- 
[48] 



Moses Gragg 



tropolis, and accompanied by thousands of citizens 
on horses and in carriages, under the direction of 
marshals, to the common. The children of the pri- 
mary schools were here arranged in lines, through 
which the General passed. He was afterwards 
received at the State House by the State authori- 
ties, and partook of a public dinner attheExchange. 
Every street through which he passed was deco- 
rated with flags and triumphal arches — every 
building was filled with the beauty and taste of the 
city — every heart responded to the joyous 'Wel- 
come' which greeted the war worn veteran from 
every quarter. Similar manifestations of joy and 
gratitude were exhibited by the people in all parts 
of the Union which he visited. Such was the recep- 
tion awarded to the gallant Chief from a foreign 
land, who periled life and fortune in our behalf, and 
who, nearly a half century before, had borne so 
conspicuous a part in the great struggle of this 
country for Independence. Its sublime effect will 
not be lost upon the world." 

In "Mid-Century Memories of Dedham," by 
William Horatio Clarke, published in the Dedham 
Transcript, June 4, 1904, there is this reference to 
Lafayette's visit: "South of Temperance Hall on 
Court St. was the old hotel kept by Francis Alden.^ 
When the Nation's Guest [Lafayette] passed 
through the town Aug. 23, 1824, amid the ringing 
of the church bells, he stopped an hour at Alden's 

^ In point of fact at this time, 1824, Moses Gragg was sole proprietor. 
[49] 



A Dedham Tavern 



hotel, during which time hundreds of ladies and 
gentlemen had the honor of shaking hands with 
him before he journeyed on to Boston." ^ 

There is some contention that Lafayette stopped 
at the Dedham Hotel, later Bride's, and not at the 
Norfolk Hotel. Samuel G. Bent, of Dedham, nine- 
ty-seven years of age at the time this "Tale" is 
written, relates that when he was a "young man" 
a famous general, whose name he had entirely for- 
gotten, stopped one evening at Bride's Hotel far 
an hour or so, and he had the honor with many 
others of shaking hands with him. This general 
may have been Lafayette; if so Bent must have 
been a young man, indeed, scarcely eight years of 
age. There is other evidence to substantiate Bent, 
if he referred to Lafayette ; there is also evidence to 
contradict him. However this may be, the descend- 
ants of Francis Alden have always understood that 
Lafayette honored the Norfolk Hotel with his 
presence; — Francis Alden himself is their au- 
thority.^ 

Some people have affirmed also that ffashington, 
the great friend of Lafayette, at one time visited 
the Norfolk Hotel. But as the corner-stone of the 
house was not laid until i8oi, and Washington 
died in 1799, it would seem that the Father of his 
Country could prove an alibi! 

1 For another reference see the Village Register, August 26, 1824. 
* See Appendix A, "The Passing of Lafayette, a Romance of the 
Norfolk House." 

[ 50] 



Moses Gragg 



The laying of the corner-stone of the new Court- 
House in 1825, as well as the dedication in 1827, 
were notable events in Dedham and in the history 
of the Norfolk Hotel. 

The Village Register of June 16, 1825, gives no- 
tice that the laying of the corner-stone will take 
place with Masonic honors, on July 4, 1825. 
Signed by the Committee of Arrangements, who 
were: Jonathan H. Cobb, Moses Gragg, John Will- 
iams, John K. Briggs, Martin Marsh, and Jason 
Messenger. 

On the appointed day, July 4, 1825, the corner- 
stone of the Court-House was laid with great cere- 
mony. In a cavity made in the corner-stone a 
leaden box was deposited containing the following 
articles: i. The newspapers of the day. 2. Web- 
ster's address on Bunker Hill. 3. An account of 
that battle. 4. A miniature beaver hat of the latest 
fashion. 5. A marble keystone with Masonic em- 
blems. 6. Specimens of marble paper. 7. A silver 
plate with an inscription. 8. A piece of the Fore- 
father's Rock.^ 

Of this occasion the Fillage Register says: "On 
Monday last [July 4, 1825], being the Anniversary 
of our Independence, the Corner Stone of the Court 
House, about to be erected in this town, was laid 
with ceremonies peculiar to the most Ancient So- 
ciety of Free and Accepted Masons. The morning 
was ushered in by the firing of cannon and ringing 

* Mann's Diary, July 4, 1825. 

[51 1 



A Dedham Tavern 



of bells. All thearrangements which hadbeen made 
by a Committee of Constellation Lodge were car- 
ried into effect." 

There was a grand procession which marched to 
"Rev. Mr. Burgess' Meeting House. There pray- 
ers were offered by Rev. Br. Samuel Adlam of the 
Baptist Church in this town and an address deliv- 
ered by R. W. and Rev. Benjamin Huntoon. . . . 
After the religious services the procession repaired 
to the tables and partook of a sumptuous repast, 
prepared by Brother Moses Gragg." Seats were 
provided for five hundred or six hundred people.^ 

Two years later, on February 20, 1827, the new 
Court-House was opened and dedicated by an ad- 
dress from Chief Justice Parker of the Supreme 
Court. The Court began its sitting that day. 

With the opening of the new Court-House Nor- 
folk County became a favorite place for lawyers to 
try their cases in. It must be remembered that in 
the early days of the last century and up to 1834, 
when the Providence Railroad was extended to 
Dedham, when Court was in session it was a very 
different affair from present conditions. As there 
were no facilities for coming and going as now, all 
the judges, lawyers, parties, and witnesses met at 
the beginning of each term and remained until their 
cases were finished. The Norfolk Hotel, being but 
a few steps from both the old and the new Court- 
Houses, entertained many of those people. As 

1 Mann's Diary , same date. 
[ 52 ] 



Moses Gragg 



stated before, Judges Theophilus Parsons, Thomas 
Dawes, and Samuel Sewall, as well as Lawyers 
Samuel Dexter, Fisher Ames, and James Otis, were 
among those who frequently attended Court in 
Dedham in the early years of the century; and 
later we find among the judges and lawyers the 
names of Daniel Webster, Joseph Story, Isaac 
Parker, Robert Rantoul, Lemuel Shaw, Theron 
Metcalf, Pliny Merrick, James Trecothick Austin, 
Caleb Cushing, Caleb Strong, Samuel Putnam, 
Samuel C. Wilde, Horace Mann, George P. Sanger, 
Rufus Choate, Marcus Morton, Robert C. Win- 
throp, Charles Francis Adams, Edward Everett, 
Horace Gray, EbenezerR. Hoar, Charles A. Dewey, 
Seth Ames, Richard H. Dana, William Gaston, 
John A. Andrew, and Benjamin F. Butler, — most 
if not all of whom actually had their rooms in or 
otherwise patronized the Norfolk Hotel during 
Court Session. 

John Quincy Adams frequently visited Dedham 
while President and afterwards. The following are 
references to his visits: 

Village Register, September 29, 1825 : "President 
John Quincy Adams passed through this town yes- 
terday evening on his long contemplated visit to 
his aged and venerable parent." He visited his 
father, John Adams, on this occasion, and in the 
following year this old ex-President and another 
ex-President, Thomas Jefferson, breathed their 

[531 



A Dedham T'avern 



last on the same day, July 4, 1826. On July 31 of 
the same year eulogies were pronounced in Dedham 
over their deaths, described as follows: ^ "A very 
large procession was formed at Alden's Hotel and 
proceeded around the square to Rev. Mr. Lam- 
son's meeting-house. . . . President John Quincy 
Adams, with his brother and two sons, were first 
in the procession after the marshals. . . . The 
eulogy was pronounced by Horace Mann, Esq." 
After the services " the procession was again forrned 
and escorted as before to Alden's Hotel where they 
separated. " 

John Quincy Adams was in Dedham as late as 
1843, for we find this note in Mann's Diary of 
October 24 of that year: "John Quincy Adams 
visited Dedham previous to his departure for Wash- 
ington. He made an address at Rev. Mr. Burgess' 
Church." On this occasion he spoke against 
slavery.^ 

The following are scattered references to the 
Tavern while Gragg was landlord: 

Village Register, January 4, 1822: Certain peti- 
tioners for new roads from the Court-House and 
from the house of Giles Richards notified by the 
Court of Sessions to meet "at the house of Moses 
Gragg, Innholder, in Dedham." 

Same, November 23, 1823 : ^^ Notice. Those who 

1 Dedham Transcript, July 30, 1887. 

* William Ames's Diary, October 24, 1843. 

[ 54] 



Moses Gragg 



have subscribed for the support of an Academy 
in this village are requested to meet at Gragg's 
Hall," etc. 

Mann's Diary, February il, 1825: He attended 
the burial services of Governor Eustis in Boston 
with the Dedham Light Infantry. After the Com- 
pany was dismissed for the day, he says, "part of 
the company tarried to the theatre; after supper 
I got into the stage and started for home; excellent 
singing on the way; stopped atTaft's; delectable 
'bellows top'; arrived at Gragg's about 10; sang a 
Te Deum; descended from the carriage, and thus 
ended the campaign." 

March 17, 1825, the Norfolk Mutual Fire Insur- 
ance Company was organized at Gragg's. The first 
President was Hon. John Endicott; the directors 
from Dedham being Erastus Worthington, George 
Dixon, and Joslah S. Fisher.^ 

Village Register, March 3, 1825: ''Stop Thief! 
The subscriber's dwelling house was entered last 
night by some villain who stole therefrom the fol- 
lowing articles . . . $30, reward offered. Moses 
Gragg." 

Same, April i, 1825 : Notice of a sale of crockery- 
ware "in the lower hall of Mr. Gragg's tavern"; 
Calvin Guild, auctioneer. 

Same, March 22, 1827: Notice of an adjourned 
meeting of the Commissioners of Highways for the 
County of Norfolk to be held at "Gragg's Tavern." 

^ Dedham Transcript, December 30, 191 1. 

I 55 1 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Same, August 23, 1827: "A considerable number 
of the inhabitants of Dedham assembled at Gragg's 
Hotel on Monday evening for the purpose of de- 
vising measures for the more effectual extinguish- 
ment of FireJ^ A committee was appointed and 
reported a number of recommendations, among 
them the formation of a Fire Society. 

Gragg now contemplated moving to Milton and 
he inserted this offer of sale of his tavern in ,the 
Village Register of January 31, 1828: 

"The subscriber will sell or let an establishment 
which he now himself improves as a Public House, 
and is well known as the Norfolk Hotel. This es- 
tate for business and pleasantness is not surpassed 
by any other in the County of Norfolk. 

"Moses Gragg." 

This notice apparently had its result, for soon 
after, on April i, 1828, Moses Gragg conveyed the 
Norfolk Hotel and premises to his former partner, 
Francis Alden,^ himself taking a new hotel in Mil- 
ton,2 which he called the "Blue Hill Hotel." ^ 

1 Norfolk Reg. of Deeds, Book 84, p. 215. 

2 Mann's Diary, July 4, 1828. 

* Village Register, June 26, 1828. 



Francis Alderiy Landlord, 1828-1840 

IN this period the Norfolk Hotel, or "Alden's 
Hotel," under Captain Francis Alden as land- 
lord, reached its prime in fame and popularity. 
It continued to be a favorite resort for political 
meetings, caucuses, and conventions. Balls, dances, 
banquets, concerts, sleighing-parties, and other 
similar diversions were held here. Military organ- 
izations, various clubs and societies — in fact, 
getherings of almost every popular sort followed in 
rapid succession within the hospitable walls of 
the Norfolk Hotel under the management of its 
genial host. 

Francis Alden was born in Needham, Massachu- 
setts in 1793 and died in Dedham, March 17, 1875. 
At his death this obituary was published: ^ 

"A conspicuous citizen of Dedham has gone, in 
the death of Capt. Francis Alden, who died at the 
residence of his son in law, Mr. Sanford Carroll, on 
Church St. in this village, on Wednesday evening 
at the advanced age of 82 years. . . . Capt. Alden 
was a native of Dedham, the eldest of a number of 
sons of the late Amasa Alden — Francis, Leon- 
ard, George and Amasa — all, now deceased, 
living within our remembrance. He will be remem- 
bered by many old residents as landlord of the 

^ Dedham Transcript, March 20, 1875. 

[57I 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Norfolk House for many years, when it had the 
patronage of the Court. He was afterwards agent 
for the Providence Railroad and had the manage- 
ment of the Dedham Branch Railroad (via Read- 
ville), under the administration of Wm. Raymond 
Lee, the first superintendent. He was an energetic, 
enterprising and industrious man, and his decease 
will be generally regretted." 

Alden at once began Improving and enlarging 
the tavern. "The original house was of brick, 42 
feet wide by 20 feet deep, 2 stories high with a hall 
and staircase in the centre, and a room on each 
side. At some later period the house was Increased 
in depth to 30 feet, the additional space at the 
back being veneered with brick on the ends and left 
with wooden clapboards across the rear. Later still 
a large room was built at the right, with another 
entrance doorway (this explaining the two door- 
ways), increasing the width of the house to its 
present dimension of 64 feet. This addition was 
all of brick, and at the same time the dwelling was 
made 3 stories high. About this time, or later, the 
wooden ell which is 60 feet long and 28 feet wide — 
the full dimensions of the ball room — was added 
to the brick main portion of the house." ^ 

Alden also added a large porch extending the 
whole length of the house, traces of which can still 
be seen on the front of the building. 

1 Dedham Transcript, March 6, 1909. "The Old Norfolk House," 
by the Rev, E. W. Virgin. The description is more or less inaccurate. 

[ 58] 



Francis Alden 



Speaking of these improvements the Dedham 
Gazette says: ^ "The estate [in 1828] was much im- 
proved by Capt. Alden. The front building was 
extended, the addition containing the hall and also 
the stable were built by him." 

The alterations considerably enlarged the bar or 
tap-room, or "great-room," which now (1912) 
forms the library of the house. Here were to be 
found all the necessary adjuncts of an old-time bar, 
including the "flip iron," "flip bowls," and the 
desk with quill pen, sand-box, and account-book 
in which were recorded the number of transactions 
charged to each patron. 

The "flip iron" was an indispensable article of 
the "great-room" and always stood or hung by 
the fireplace. It was a large iron stirring-stick and 
was often used in the concoction of certain bever- 
ages. Other curious names were given it, such as 
"loggerhead," "hottle," or "flip dog." It was 
heated in the fire till red hot and was then thrust 
into the liquid, the bitter taste imparted by the 
iron to the liquor being greatly enjoyed. 

In those days "Flip" and "Half-and-Half " were 
favorite beverages. "Flip" was made of home- 
brewed beer, sugar, and spice, and a liberal dash of 
Jamaica rum, and was mixed with the "flip iron." 
"Half-and-Half "was a mixture of two malt liquors, 
usually ale and porter, or old and new ale. 

A list of drinks popular in New England con- 
1 July 7, 1866. 
[59] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



tains also the following: Punch, cider, strong beer, 
porter, grog, madeira, port, sherry toddy, claret, 
sangaree, and toddy. But there were many others 
of as general popularity as these, for there was 
rum, both New England and West Indies, brandy, 
"sillebub," "Jonava" (gin), metteglin, sack mum, 
ale, and no end of mixtures of which these formed 
the base.^ 

STAGE-COACHES 

Those were the good old days of the Stage-Coach, 
when stops were made at the various taverns along 
the route for a change of horses or refreshments. 
The arrival of the coach was always a lively one 
at the Tavern. The townsmen, eager for the last 
news, would drop in and mingle with the new ar- 
rivals around the comfortable fire in the great- 
room. Here the assembled company, with toddy, 
flip, and other good cheer generously passed around, 
would discuss all manner of subjects, politics usu- 
ally being the chief topic. A prosperous calling 
was that of landlord of an old-time stage tavern. 

Within a few days of his purchase of the Norfolk 
Hotel, Alden advertised his house and the stage- 
lines by publishing this notice in the Village Regis- 
ter ^ April 10, 1828: 

* Huntoon's History of Canton; also Alice M. Earle in Sabbath in 
Puritan New England; Stage-Coach and Tavern Days; Field's Colonial 
Tavern. 

[60] 



Francis Alden 



''^Removal 

"Francis Alden respectfully informs his friends 
and the public generally, that he has removed from 
the Inn lately occupied by him and known by the 
name of the 'Gay Tavern' to the Norfolk Hotel, 
heretofore kept by Mr. Moses Gragg. The house 
is pleasantly situated in the centre of the village 
of Dedham, on the Boston and Providence Turn- 
pike, nearly opposite the new Court House, and 
near the Dedham Bank and is more conveniently 
situated for the transaction of public business than 
any other tavern; it affording a convenient stop- 
ping place for the Southern and Western travel; 
and he hopes by a continuance of his exertions and 
by the superior accommodations of his house to 
merit and obtain a continuance of the public pat- 
ronage. 

"N. B. The Commercial Line of Stages running 
between Boston and Providence, and connected 
with the Steamboat Line between Boston and New- 
port, have so far altered their arrangements as to 
take relays of horses at this House, where way 
passengers going North and South can be accom- 
modated at the lowest rates of fare. Horses and 
carriages furnished at the shortest notice. 

" Dedham, Apr. lo, 1828." 

Again within a month Alden advertises the 
Dedham Stage (started by Martin Marsh in 18 14), 
in the Village Register, May i, 1828: 
[61 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



'"'' Summer Arrangement. Dedham Stage 

"The stage will start from the Norfolk House 
(Alden's, formerly Gragg's) at 7 in the morning, 
every day, Sundays excepted, and call at Capt. 
Francis Guild's store and Mr. Bride's Hotel in 
Dedham, pass through Roxbury and arrive in Bos- 
ton at 8.30 o'clock. Returning leaves Thompson's 
Hotel, No. 9 Elm St., at 4 o'clock p.m. 

" In addition to the above, a Stage will start from 
the same place every Monday, Thursday and 
Saturday at 7.30 a.m. and pass by the several manu- 
facturing establishments in Dedham; and thence 
to the Brush Hill Turnpike, direct to Boston and 
arrive at 9 o'clock. Leaves Thompson's Hotel at 
4.30 P.M. same days. Fare 50 cents." 

Three years later, after all the changes and al- 
terations had been made, Alden again advertises 
his house in the Dedham Patriot, January 7, 1831, 
once more calling attention to the stage-lines.^ 

The Independent Politician and Workingmen's 
Advocate of January 5, 183 1 (two days prior to the 
above notice in the Dedham Patriot), advertises the 
Norfolk Hotel in almost precisely the same lan- 
guage, but with a cut of the Tavern (see frontis- 
piece) as it formerly stood. 

The Norfolk Hotel was an important stage centre. 
It was on Court Street which was a part of the 
"King's Highway," and the first national post- 

* See illustration facing p. 62. 
f 62 1 



Francis Alden 



route established in the country in 1693, running 
from Portsmouth, New Hampshire, through Boston, 
Dedham, Providence, New York, and as far south 
as James City, Virginia. In 1795 the first mail 
coach passed over this road from Boston to points 
south. 

The Norfolk and BristolTurnpike was completed 
in 1804, and Court Street as far as Highland Street 
was a part of it. Erastus Worthington, in his His- 
tory of Dedham, published in 1 827, says : "The Nor- 
folk and Bristol Turnpike goes through the village 
and is a great thoroughfare between the north and 
the south. The steamboats from New York land 
their passengers at Providence, and in a few hours 
afterwards six or seven stages full may be fre- 
quently seen a mile south of the village descending 
into it, bringing sometimes the dust with them 
which they raise. Every other day the mail arrives 
on its way to Washington City. The number of 
those who assemble at the Post Office at the hour 
of arrival is not so great that each one must ask 
a question and be off, but custom allows the talkers 
and the quidnuncs to remain, and amuse or op- 
press their temporary audience with their remarks 
on all subjects." 

The Rev. Edward W. Virgin says on this sub- 
ject: ^ "It [the Norfolk Hotel] was on the direct 
road from Boston to New York. In 1832, it is said, 
1600 stages rolled in and out of Boston weekly, and 

^ Dedham Transcript, March 6, 1909. 
[63 ] 



A Dedham T^avern 



30 coaches left early every morning from Boston 
for New York, and there was an old saw that 'tav- 
erns were as thick as fiddlers in hell.'" 

Samuel Mclntire, son of a later landlord, says: * 
"Reverting again to my boyhood, those were the 
good old days of the stage coach, and often as I 
stood upon the rustic porch of the old Norfolk 
House, have watched with the keenest interest the 
driver perched upon his high seat, circle his four 
in hand at full speed, around and up in front of the 
porch, with the precision of a master. It was done 
so nicely and with such ease that I wished I was 
old enough to be in the driver's place; indeed I 
thought at the time that the driver of a stage coach 
was about as exalted a position as a person could 
well occupy, and the sharp crack of the whip as the 
driver swung the long lash to bring the leaders into 
place was music in my ears and made me long to 
handle that whip and try its snapping qualities. 
Those old coaches with their heavy leather springs 
and upholstered seats were easy to ride in, and be- 
sides a social way of travel, far ahead of that by 
rail, and since come in use to drive the coach from 
the road." 

During the first third of the nineteenth century 
the stage-coaches for long distance travelling had 
three wide seats, one at each end of the coach, 
and one in the middle called the "strap seat." Each 

1 "Echoes of the Past, or the Home of my Boyhood," Dedham 
Transcript, November 29, 1902. 

[64] 



Francis Alden 



of these three seats accommodated three passen- 
gers, making nine in all inside. Later there were 
also some outside seats. The back part of the coach 
was used for baggage.^ 

An old resident in 1888 gives his reminiscences 
of "fifty or sixty years ago": "^ "One of the ex- 
citements to arouse the town out of its lethargy was 




Type of a Dedham Stage Coach, about 1830. Similar to the one in 
the painting of Bride's Tavern, now in the Dedham Historical Society 



the arrival of the stage coaches at Bride's or AI- 
den's tavern on their way from Providence to 
Boston. Then for a few moments all was hurry 
and bustle, the stage horn would be heard in the 
distance, and the horses would be brought to the 
door all harnessed and ready, and in less time than 
I could tell it the tired horses are taken out and 
fresh ones put in and the stage is on its way, the 
Citizens' and the Peoples^ Line striving to see which 

^ See From the Stage-Coach to the Railroad Train and the Street Car, 
by George G. Crocker. 

* Dedham Transcript, February 25, 1888; "Old Times Reviewed." 

[65] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



shall make the shortest time." He speaks of Fran- 
cis Alden as a "model landlord." 

Great was the rivalry existing between the dif- 
ferent lines of coaches to see which should make the 
quickest time between Boston and Providence, the 
usual time being about four and one-half hours. 
The Citizens' Line stopped at the Phoenix, and the 
Peoples' Line at the Norfolk Hotel to exchange 
horses, or perhaps for breakfast. The Citizens' 
Line built some very light and handsome coacjies, 
and with their fastest horses ran what was called 
the "Pioneer Line," making the whole distance 
in about three and one-half hours, thus beating the 
other line. A large number of horses were required, 
and from seventy-five to one hundred were kept at 
the stable in the rear of the Phoenix Hotel, and at 
the time of the burning of the stables more than 
sixty horses perished.^ 

The Citizens' Line left Boston at 5 a.m. at all 
seasons of the year, often sending twelve or fifteen 
coaches at a time and sometimes as many as forty 
passed through Dedham in a single day.^ 

To illustrate the speed of the horses and the keen 
competition between their owners, I quote from 
Nathaniel Ames's Diary, April i, 1806: "Upon a 
wager of iioo dols. Mason's horse of Providence & 
Cabot's horse of Boston started from Providence 
arriv'd at Dedham in 2 hours 15 minutes went to 

1 Dedham Historical Register, vol. i, p. 1 16. 
* Frank Smith, Dedham Taverns. 



[ 66 



Francis Alden 



Boston & back In 80 minutes to Dedham, so on to 
Providence again all people exclaiming at such 
extreme cruelty to such generous animals." 

Again to Illustrate — the editor of the Prov- 
idence Gazette ^^ speaking of the stage-coach, wrote: 
"We were rattled from Providence to Boston In 
4 hours and 50 minutes — if any one wants to go 
faster, he may send to Kentucky and charter a 
streak of lightning." 

As to the time taken In changing the horses of 
the coaches "our Dedham hostlers do the same 
thing handsomely In one minute." ^ 

Of course upon the completion of the Boston & 
Providence Railroad and the extension of the 
branch line to Dedham In 1 834, all this was changed, 
and the village of Dedham felt the change severely. 
Its former bustle and activity disappeared, for 
there was no Industry to take the place of the 
Stage-Coach. 

THE BALLROOM 

The furnishing of food, drink, and shelter to 
travellers was not the only function of the tavern. 
It was chiefly at the tavern that opportunity was 
offered for social gatherings for the amusement of 
young and old; and the various tavern-keepers 
made ample provision for the entertainment of 
those resorting to their houses. Many of them 

* Earle's Stage-Coach and Tavern Days. 
» Norfolk Advertiser, August 2, 1834. 

[67] 



A Dedham Tavern 



added spacious ballrooms to their taverns for this 
purpose. 

The Ballroom of the Norfolk Hotel was one of 
the best in New England, and for years was the 
scene of many a festive occasion. Many series of 
winter parties patronized by the most prominent 
citizens of Norfolk County were held here. It was 
in constant demand, and "from far and near part- 
ies of quality came to try the celebrated spring 
floor and the elegant game suppers following a 
royal dance." ^ 

The graceful minuet had about disappeared at 
the time the Norfolk Hotel was built; but the old- 
time contra-dances, where the first gentleman was 
"to foot it to the second lady and both turn single," 
and the "first three couples haze, then lead down in 
the middle and back again," where "the first 
couple three hands round with the second lady, 
allemand; three hands round with the second 
gentleman, allemand again; lead down two couples, 
up again, cast off one couple, hands round with the 
third, right hand and left," were gone through 
with all the spirit and enthusiasm of enjoyment.^ 

Samuel Mclntire, son of a later landlord, as 
previously stated, gives this picture of the Ball- 
room: "In the third story of the wing of the old 
Norfolk House was the ballroom. It had a spring 

^ Dedham Transcript, March 6, 1909. " The Old Norfolk House," 
by the Rev. E. W. Virgin. 
* Field's Colonial Tavern. 

[68] 




i'ltutuij rap lied by John F. Guild, Drdhani 

THE BALL ROOxM 



Francis Alden 



floor and as It yielded to the even step of the merry 
dancers it would rise and fall like the waves upon 
a gentle sea; at the same time the doors and win- 
dows in the second story beneath would rattle as 
if buffeted by a storm. Of course those dances in 
that old hall took place during the winter season, 
and from far and near did the youths of both sexes, 
decked in their best clothes, congregate to chase 
the glowing hours with flying feet. In one end of the 
ballroom was a large, old-fashioned fireplace, and 
the warmth and the light therefrom added to the 
cheerfulness of the gay scene within, and bade de- 
fiance to the storm that might be raging without. 
In the other end of the room, and well elevated, 
was the stand for the musicians who played for the 
dance, a place which for heat, as the dance wore on, 
could not be duplicated this side of Hades, and for 
which reason the musicians were excusable, per- 
haps, if occasionally they went out *to see a man.* 
I was too young at the time I write to dance, but 
I can remember many a gay scene in that hall. The 
'square' dance was then all the go; the 'round' 
dance as yet had not caught in its fond embrace the 
Dedham lad and bonny lass." ^ 

As has been truly said : ^ "Those old-time dances 
which brightened for a moment the dull life of the 
period would not awaken much enthusiasm in the 
hearts of the youth to-day. But to those brown 

^ Dedham Transcripty November 29, 1902. 
* Field's Colonial Taverns. 



69 1 



A Dedham "Tavern 



faced stalwart country youths and those red 
cheeked, hearty colonial maidens they were the 
height of pleasure and enjoyment. Here was wit- 
nessed the old-time contra-dance now gone by. 
Here the young maidens 'took the step' and the 
young men 'cut the pigeon wing'!" 

The following are references to balls, assemblies, 
and schools for dancing given in the new Ballroom 
while Alden was landlord, the first two references 
indicating that it was being used for these purposes 
early in 1829: 

Village Register, February 19, 1829: 

^'Dedham Assemblies 

"The Fourth Assembly will be held on Monday 
evening at Francis Alden's Hall. Persons wishing 
for tickets will apply to either of the managers. 
Per order, George Alden, Sec'y." 

Same, March 19, 1829: "Day School for Young 
Ladies, Masters and Misses. Lovet Stimson, In- 
structor of Dancing, respectfully informs the in- 
habitants of Dedham that he proposes commencing 
a school at the new and elegant Hall of Francis 
Alden . . . where strict attention will be paid 
to improve the manners and deportment of the 
scholars entrusted to his care. A handsome style 
of dancing and a great variety of the latest and 
most fashionable cotillions will be taught in his 
school. Terms ^6. for 18 lessons." 
[70] 



Francis Alden 



The same issue speaks of a "new and splendid 
Dancing Hall" at the Dedham Hotel (Bride's). 

Same, December lo, 1829: "Mr. Frost gives 
Dancmg lessons at Alden's Hotel." 

Dedham Patriot, January 6, 1832: ''Sleighing 
Parties. Parties of pleasure are frequent In this 
village, and the Halls of our landlords echo to the 
light tread of Beauty tripping on the ' light, fan- 
tastic toe.' All seem to come with merry bells and 
merry hearts. They thus brighten the gloomy face 
of Winter with the light and cheerfulness of Sum- 
mer." 

Same, 1831-1832: " The Dedham Cotillion Band 
Furnishing music for Cotillion Parties, Balls 
Assemblies, or Private Parties. All orders left at 
Bride's or Alden's Taverns or at the house of Dex- 
ter Dean. . . . Spanish Waltzes if required. Dex- 
ter Dean, Latimer Blake." 

Same, March 28, 1833 : J. Clark gives notice that 
he will open a school for dancing at "Capt Al- 
den's Hotel." 

Same, February 5, 1835: 

''Last Shake 

"Notice is hereby given that our last Assembly 
wil be held Friday evening Feb. 13th. at Alden's 
Hall, Dedham. Those who wish to join in the fa- 
vorite recreation of Dancing on that occasion are 
respectfully invited to attend. J. Q. Adams, T. W. 
Nash, B. H. Tubes, Managers.'' 
[71 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



These parties were called the "Dedham Assem- 
blies." 1 

Same, November 5, 1835: Notice that A. B. 
White will open a school for dancing at "Alden's 
Hall. ... For terms and particulars apply at the 
Bar of the Hotel." 

Norjolk Advertiser, February 12, 1836: Notice 
of the Dedham Assemblies at "Capt. Alden's Hall." 
Samuel Whiting and Horace Felton, Managers. 

Same, November 12, 1836: 

" Thanksgiving Ball 

"Come fix up your ruffles, your ribbons and lace, 
Let dimples and ringlets now deck every^ face, 
Bring plumes, wreaths and roses, gems, diamonds and all, 
And prepare to attend the grand Thanksgiving Ball. 

" Ladies and gentlemen invited to attend the An- 
nual Ball on the evening of Dec. i, 1836, at Alden's 
Hotel. Dancing will commence at 6 precisely. 
Horace Felton, Samuel Whiting, Reuben Far- 
iNGTON, Moses Boyd, Managers.'' 

Same, July i, 1837 : Mr. A. Deucharannounces he 
will commence a dancing-class in Mr. Alden's Hall 
on July 5. "He will teach Waltzes, Gallopades 
and Mazourkas which have become so very popular 
and fashionable. Particular attention will be given 
to instruction in attitudes.'' 

Same, February 17, 1838: "We have had one 
or two flights of snow, and the sleighs slip along 

1 Dedham Patriot, February 12, 1835. 
[72 ] 



Francis Alden 



very well. Now is the chance for the hows and hells 
to appear and enjoy themselves. Capt. Alden 
stands ready to serve them. Come on, then, and 
enliven Dedham!" 

Same, January 12, 1839: 

^^ All Right! The subscribers having engaged Mr. 
E. Kendall's Cotillion Band, will give a Social As- 
sembly at Capt. F. Alden's Hall on Friday evening, 
Jan. 25, 1839. 

Eliphalet Stone, 
Samuel Whiting. 

"Tickets two dollars to be had at the Bar. Music: 
E Flat Bugle, Harp, Violin, Clarionette, Oph- 
icleide." 

William Ames's Diary, December 27, 1838: 
"They had a Ball last night at Mr. Alden's. Kept 
it up till three in the morning." 

Norfolk Democrat, February 23, 1839: ^^Once 
More ! The last Assembly for the season will be 
held at Capt. F. Alden's Hall on Mar. 5th. Music 
by Kendall's Cotillion Band, as before." 

William Ames, referred to above, was a son of the 
Dedham Statesman, Fisher Ames. He was born 
in Dedham, October 3, 1800, and died in Spring- 
field, Massachusetts, May 19, 1880. His Diary, 
kept faithfully for forty-five years, from 1835 to 
1880, and now preserved in the Dedham Histori- 
cal Society, deals chiefly with general information 
gathered from the daily newspapers and unfortu- 
[73 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



nately refers but briefly to matters of local Ded- 
ham interest. He was a bachelor, without much 
business occupation, and from 1828 to 1846 ^ lived 
at the Norfolk Hotel, a good part of the time in a 
small, cheerless, north room on the third floor, the 
first to the right of the stairway. ^ In 1846 he moved 
to the Phoenix, where he resided for many years. 
Of quiet, unassuming manners, and much respected, 
his chief pleasures consisted in long, solitary walks 
and frequent visits to Boston, Cambridge, Lowell, 
Springfield, and Brattleboro to see his relatives and 
friends. He once thus described himself: "I am 
like my room, neat and clean, but solitary." ^ 

Not only dances but concerts and other amuse- 
ments were given in the hall of the Tavern: 

Dedham Patriotj August 14, 1834: "Second Comic 
Concert. Mr. Comer and Mr. & Mrs. W. H. Smith, 
highly gratified by the patronage of their Dedham 
friends on the occasion of their first Concert are 
induced (by particular request) to offer a second 
and positively the last this season, on Thursday 
evening at Alden's Hotel." 

Same, December 25, 1834: Notice of a meeting 
at Alden's Hotel for the purpose of forming a 
Lyceum or Debating Club in the village. 

Same, February 1 9, 1 83 5 : William H. Mann gives 
notice of a concert at Alden's Hotel by the Dor- 



' Diary, April 26, 1854. 

* Statement of Mrs. Horace Bacon. 

* Diary, July 30, 1858. 

[74] 



Francis Alden 



Chester and Milton Glee Club. Tickets, 25 cents, 
"to be had at the Bar." "The pieces went off with 
a good deal of applause and some of them were 
called for a second time." 

Mann's Diary, March 22, 1839: 

^^Old Billings once more! 

"A very full meeting of lovers of ' sweet sound ' was 
held at Alden's Hall this evening. A full and effi- 
cient orchestra was present and the different so- 
cieties in the town were well represented. Mr. 
Calvin Ellis presided this evening by request. 
About 80 partook of the supper after the sing. A 
toast offered by Abijah Smith, an old veteran 
singer, was well rtceWed: Billings Music — half 
century singers — may the rising generation hold 
fast to old times — eat, drink and sing with mod- 
eration, temperance and perfection — and each 
one be at liberty to license himself." 

Andrew Jackson 

Andrew Jackson was reelected President of the 
United States in the fall of 1832, and the following 
year we find him in Dedham on his way to Boston, 
making a tour through the New England States. 
The President with his suite embarked from New 
York June 15, 1833, and landed at New Haven. 
After visiting Hartford and Norwich he reem- 
barked at New Haven and was conveyed to New 

[75] 



A Dedham Tavern 



London in the steamboat General Jackson^ and 
thence to Newport. He tarried two days in New- 
port and Providence, and on Friday, June 21,1833, 
•passed through Dedham, the Norjolk Hotel being 
honored with his presence, together with that of the 
Vice-President, Martin Van Buren; Governor Cass, 
Secretary of War; Governor Woodbury, Secretary 
of the Navy; Governor Marcy, of New York; 
General Williams, of Mississippi; Mr. Poinsett, 
of South Carolina ; and several gentlemen of- dis- 
tinction from different cities. 

The Norjolk Advertiser, June 22, 1833, describes 
the occasion: 

"The President and suite arrived here [Dedham] 
yesterday about 12 o'clock. His approach was 
announced by a salute from the Walpole artillery, 
of 24 guns. He was met at the southern entrance 
of the village by the assembled citizens. He de- 
scended from his carriage, as did also the Secre- 
taries of the War and the Navy, and received the 
following address from Hon. James Richardson, 
Chairman of the Committee chosen to arrange and 
execute the civic proceedings of the day: 

"*Sir — The Citizens of Dedham and its vi- 
cinity feel honored by the presence, among them, of 
the Chief Magistrate of the Nation, and with great 
pleasure tender to him their respectful considera- 
tion, and with it the plain and simple hospitalities 
of the place. And this as a tribute, not only to 
exalted, but to important public service rendered 
[76] 



Francis Alden 



to our common country; particularly In the brav- 
ery and military skill displayed In defense of a sec- 
tion of the Union against the attacks of a public 
enemy — and recently In the recognition and ap- 
plication of sound constitutional principles, and 
in the firmness and energy manifested when the 
integrity and security of the Union, the Palla- 
dium of our liberties and the only safeguard of 
general prosperity and of Internal peace and 
tranquility, were threatened. We, one and all, 
respond to the sentiment that " The Union must he 
'preserved.^'' 

"'Sir, — The people of Massachusetts inhabit 
a territory rough and comparatively barren, bor- 
dering on the ocean; they were therefore early in- 
spired with a spirit of enterprise, and compelled to 
practise the virtues of industry and economy, and 
to place their sole reliance, under Providence, on 
their own exertions. This necessity generated in 
them a love of liberty and Independence, and a de- 
sire to establish institutions favorable to the moral 
and civic virtues — to science and sound learning. 
It is hoped, sir, that an acquaintance with the 
habits, manners and institutions of our people will 
not lower our character In the estimation of our 
Chief, and that, returning, he will carry with him 
some information not entirely useless in guiding his 
views as to a course of public policy. Finally, we 
wish him health, and all the enjoyment that such 
an excursion and the respect of the people in the 



A Dedham "Tavern 



various sections of the country are calculated to 
afford — and that on retiring from his high station, 
the evening of his life may be cheered by the recol- 
lection of all that he has done to promote the se- 
curity and prosperity of his country.' 

"To which the President made a brief and ap- 
propriate reply. The President was then conducted 
by the committee, through a throng of spectators, 
to the open space in front of the first Parish Meeting 
House, where he received the salute of Col. Eatoji's 
regiment of Militia, and after reviewing them, was 
conducted to AlderCs Norfolk Hotel, where he and 
his suite dined. The President afterwards appeared 
on the portico, and shook hands with each officer 
of the regiment. The President rode in a barouche 
drawn by four spirited steeds. He left our village 
at one o'clock, and was followed by a train of horse- 
men and carriages, some of the latter containing 
gentlemen of distinction." 

The President was handsomely received in Bos- 
ton. At the State House he was welcomed by 
Governor Lincoln and other important officials. 
Later he visited Faneuil Hall and reviewed the 
Boston Brigade on Boston Common. On June 24, 
he visited Bunker Hill, where he listened to an 
address by Edward Everett. 

Another account of the President's visit is given 
by the Dedham Patriot, June 27, 1833: 

"The President [Andrew Jackson] and suite 
arrived in this village at 12 o'clock noon, on Fri- 
[78] 



Francis Alden 



day last [June 2i, 1833], from Providence. At 
the southern entrance of the village he was met 
by the assembled citizens and received an ad- 
dress from Hon. James Richardson, Chairman of 
the Committee appointed by the citizens to ten- 
der him their respects and welcome him to the 
place. 

" The reply of the President was brief and ap- 
propriate. He was then conducted on foot by the 
Committee through the throng of spectators, who 
were ranged in two lines nearly the whole length of 
Court St., bowing gracefully to the people on either 
side as he passed, to the open space in front of the 
meeting house, where the first regiment commanded 
by Col. Eaton was paraded. After receiving the 
salute of the military and reviewing them, he to- 
gether with his suite were conducted to the Norfolk 
Hotel, where they dined. At one o'clock he took 
his seat in an open barouche, together with the Vice 
President (Martin Van Buren) and the two aids 
of Gov. Lincoln, and departed on his journey to 
Boston amid the cheers of the assembled multitude, 
and followed by a numerous retinue in the car- 
rfages. The President was accompanied by Vice- 
President Van Buren, Gov. Marcy of New York, 
Secretaries Cass and Woodbury, and several other 
distinguished gentlemen." It is said that the 
President also made a speech from the portico of 
the Norfolk Hotel. ^ 



Dedham Transcript, March 6, 1909. 

[79I 



A Dedham "Tavern 



An eye-witness of the occasion gives this account 
of the President's visit: ^ "Andrew Jackson, Presi- 
dent, and Martin Van Buren, Vice-President, both 
stopped in Dedham for dinner. All hands quit work 
and went up to see the President's party. They 
came in stages and walked through a double line 
of citizens up to the brick hotel. Jackson, hat in 
hand, bowed alike to friends and enemies, if he had 
any. He sat upstairs afterwards and smoked his 
pipe very constantly until after dinner, when he 
and his party were met by Bostonians and taken to 
their City." 

Mrs. Horace Bacon, daughter of Francis Alden, 
as stated before, remembers this occasion. So great 
was the crush and so eager were the populace to get 
a glimpse of the President that even the roof of the 
portico was covered with young and old. 

PUBLIC MEETINGS 

The Norfolk Hotel during the era of Alden's 
ownership became a centre of political activity in 
Dedham, but the violent political passions and the 
bitter, partisan feeling of the early days of the cen- 
tury had pretty much disappeared. The new, en- 
larged building with its spacious hall became an 
admirable and convenient place for political and 
other public meetings. The Village Register oj 
October i6, 1828, alludes to one: 

' Dedham Transcript, January 29, 1887; signed by " A. D. W." 
[80] 



Francis Alden 



^^ Norfolk Administration Convention 

"At a meeting of the delegates from the sev- 
eral towns comprising the Norfolk Congressional 
District friendly to the National Administra- 
tion at Alden's Hotel in Dedham on the 15th. 
inst. . . . the following resolutions were adopted, 
viz: 

"Resolved, that our confidence in the integ- 
rity, patriotism and talents of John Quincy Adams 
and in the purity and wisdom of his adminis- 
tration, continues unabated; and we heartily con- 
cur with his friends elsewhere in recommending 
Mr. Adams to the undivided support of our fel- 
low citizens for the next Presidency of the United 
States." 

Committees were chosen consisting of Hon. 
Jairus Ware, Ebenezer Fisher, Jr., Jonathan H. 
Cobb, Erastus Worthington, William Ellis, and 
Abner Ellis. At this convention Hon. John Bailey 
was endorsed for Congress. 

Again, a few days later in the samepaper, October 
23, 1828: "Those /ri?(? citizens, who are not sup- 
posed to submit to the dictation of self-created 
District Managers, and who are opposed to the 
reelection of John Bailey Esq. are respectfully 
invited to assemble at Alden's Hotel on Oct. 
28th at I o'clock P.M. to select some Independent 
inhabitant of the District to represent them in 
Congress." 

In 1830 a Republic an Caucusw3iS held in "Alden's 
[81 ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



Hotel," ^ and the next year is this notice: ^ "The 
citizens of Dedham friendly to the present State 
Administration are invited to meet at Alden's 
Hotel ... for the purpose of electing delegates 
to attend the County Convention, to be holden at 
Shepard's Tavern in this town on Monday next." 

A few months later is a "Notice to the Republi- 
cans of Dedham to meet at Alden's Hotel to choose 
delegates to represent the town in the National 
Republican Convention." ^ 

Henry Clay was now a national figure and we 
find these references to him : 

Dedham Patriot^ September 21, 1832: "Notice. 
The citizens of Dedham friendly to the election of 
Henry Clay and John Sargeant as President and 
Vice-President of the U. S. are invited to meet at 
Alden's Hotel," etc. "Nathaniel Guild, C/iaiV- 
man,'''' 

Same, September 28, 1 83 2 : " At a meeting of the 
National Republican citizens of Dedham friendly 
to the election of Clay and Sargeant at the Norfolk 
Hotel on Sat. evening, Sept. 22, 1832, Hon. Jas. 
Richardson was called to the chair, and Edw. M. 
Richards, Sec'y." Theron Metcalf, Thomas Bar- 
rows, Horace Mann, Esquires, and Colonel Josiah 
N. Bird were elected delegates to attend the State 
Convention at Worcester. 



Mann's Diary, March 20, 1830. 
Dedham Patriot, March 18, 183 1. 
Dedham Patriot, October 28, 183 1. 
f 82 1 



Francis Alden 



Norfolk Advertiser, October 5, 1832: ''At a meet- 
ing of the delegates from the several towns in Nor- 
folk County, friendly to the General Administra- 
tion, holden at Alden's Tavern, in Dedham, on the 
4th inst. ... it was voted, unanimously that we 
cordially approve of the nomination of the Hon. 
Marcus Morton for Governor, and the Hon. John 
Mills for Lieut. Governor." 

Bride's Hotel burned down October 30, 1832, the 
year previous to Jackson's visit to Dedham, and 
the Phoenix, arising from its ashes, was not finished 
for two or three years ; so the Norfolk Hotel, for a 
while at least, had pretty much of a monopoly of 
political meetings. 

In 1833 the Jackson Republicans met at "Al- 
den's Hotel" to choose delegates to the Jackson 
State Convention to be held at Worcester. Elisha 
Thayer, Committee. These delegates were chosen: 
Timothy Gay, Captain Pliny Bingham, Richard 
Ellis, Martin Marsh, and Colburn Ellis. ^ The Na- 
tional Republican Citizens ^ also met there, and 
other political bodies as well.^ 

In 1834 we find the Norfolk Whig Convention,^ 
the Democratic Republicans,^ and the Whigs of the 
Town of Dedham ^ holding meetings there. 

* Dedham Patriot, August 29, 1833. 

* Dedham PatriotySt^ttxaber 26, 1833. 

* Dedham Patriot, April 25, 1833, 

* Dedham Patriot, October 9, 1834. 

* Dedham Patriot, October 9, 1834. 

8 Dedham Patriot, February 12, 1835. 

[83 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



In 1835 two conventions were held at Alden's 
Hotel to nominate candidates for County Com- 
missioners.^ The Norfolk County Whig Convention 
also met there, when It was resolved to support 
Edward Everett for Governor and Daniel Webster 
for President. Theron Metcalf was present.^ 

By 1836 the Norfolk Hotel had become a Whig 
centre In Dedham, while Its rival, the Phoenix, 
catered to the Democrats. At the former the Whigs 
of Dedham met to choose delegates to the Worces- 
ter Convention. Hon. James Richardson, Hon. 
John Endlcott, Samuel Swett, and John Baker, 
2d, were chosen.^ 

Later In the year the Whigs of Norfolk County ^'^ 
the Whigs of Dedham ^ and the Republicans friendly 
to the election of Edward Everett for Governor ^ 
assembled here. 

Norfolk Advertiser, November 12, 1836: 

"At a numerous meeting of the Republican citi- 
zens of Dedham, held at Alden's Hotel on Nov. 
nth It was unanimously agreed to support for 
Representatives, Joshua Fales, Jr., John Morse 
and Daniel Covell. 

"The following persons were chosen vote dis- 
tributors: E.B. Holmes,Wm. K. Gay, Jabez Coney, 

1 Dedham Patriot, April 23, 1835. 

2 Dedham Patriot, October 22, 1835. 

* Norfolk Advertiser, August 20, 1836. 

* Norfolk Advertiser, October, 1836. 
^ Norfolk Advertiser, October, 1836. 

* Norfolk Advertiser, October, 1836. 

[ 84] 



Francis Alden 



Jr., Francis Guild, John E. Boyden, Samuel C. 
Mann, Charles Richards, Joseph Day, F. A. Taft, 
E. W. Taft, James Downing, Willard Everett 2nd, 
Josiah N. Bird, Nathaniel Clap, Joseph Onion, 
Epraim Soule. 

"The Dedham Democratic candidates for re- 
presentatives are Wm. Ellis, John Dean 3rd, 
Daniel Marsh." 

From 1 83 7 to 1840 there is a record of many meet- 
ings of a political nature at the Norfolk Hotel. The 
Norfolk Advertiser, February 16, 1839, describes 
one of local interest: 

"At a meeting of many of the citizens of Dedham 
assembled at Alden's Hotel on Feb. 9th, to select 
suitable candidates for town officers for the ensuing 
year, Wm. King Gray elected Moderator, and E. 
G. Robinson, Clerk. For Town Clerk: Richard 
Ellis. For Selectmen, Assessors, Overseers of the 
Poor, etc.: Martin Marsh, John Bullard, Col. 
Luther Eaton, Capt. Ellis Fuller and Joseph Fisher. 
For Treas. and Collector: Gen'l Nath'l Guild." 

Herman Mann became interested in the Whig 
movement and made certain interesting notes 
on the subject in his Diary, which are now quoted: 

October 24, 1838: "Attended a convention of 
the citizens opposed to the present arbitrary License 
laws at Alden's Hotel. Stormy day — about 40 
present. The two great political parties of the day, 
the Whigs and Democrats, having previously 
nominated candidates supposed to be in favor of the 
[85 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



law as it stands, it was resolved today to put in 
nomination a Liberal ticket for Senators and to 
support them at the polls in November next. This 
ticket consists of Hon. John Ruggles of Milton, 
Hon. Wm. Ellis of Dedham and Hon. Lewis Fisher 
of Franklin. . . . Gen. E. W. Bradley presided at 
the meeting, and Jabez Bigelow and George H. 
French of Quincy, acted as Secretaries." 

November 3, 1838: "At a Whig caucus held this 
evening at Alden's Hotel, Messrs Joshua Fales, 
James Richardson and George Ellis 2nd. were 
nominated as representatives to the next General 
Court. The meeting was fully attended — some 
who had heretofore acted with their political op- 
ponents were at the caucus & took a part. If their 
conversion to the right political faith is sincere, 
there can be no objection to their acting — but if 
their object is to deceive or create confusion, it is 
worthy of their Tory principles, and they are wel- 
come to the credit they deserve for their unprin- 
cipled acts." 

November 10, 1838: "At a meeting of the Rally- 
ing Committees of the several school districts pre- 
viously chosenattheWhigCaucus — at Alden's this 
evening — the subject of the schisms among our 
political friends being debated, the folly of putting 
a new nomination list of candidates for Repre- 
sentatives before the citizens of Dedham was fully 
set forth by Dr. Stimson and others. It was pre- 
tended by some of the Temperance party that 
[86] 



Francis Alden 



their objections to the candidates first nominated 
was because of the impertinent interference of a 
few of the Van Buren party in the Whig Conven- 
tion. But it was apparent that the real objection 
was that two of the candidates nominated, al- 
though sound Whigs, unfortunately differed from 
them on the abstract question of the policy of the 
License Laws. The question being put finally to 
each individual present as to uniting in support of 
the original nominations, it was agreed to almost 
unanimously — some 20 of the Committee being 
present — 2 or 3 were not prepared to give a strong 
affirmative, and some others of the temperance 
portion answering y try faintly. The 'liberal' part 
of the committee had no objection to support the 
whole nomination, although one of the candidates, 
Mr. Fales, was known to be opposed to them on 
the question of the License Laws. If the 'Tories' 
do not take advantage of these dissensions to run 
in one or two of their candidates it will be their 
own blindness." 

May 15, 1839: " Whig Convention. A convention 
of Whig Delegates for the several towns in the 
County was held at Alden's Hotel. The convention 
was organized by the choice of James Richardson 
as President — Thos. French of Canton, Wm. H. 
Sumner of Roxbury, Meletiah Everett of Wren- 
tham and Josiah Brigham of Quincy as Vice Presi- 
dents — and John M. Gourgas of Quincy and 
Nath'l P. Lovering of Roxbury as Secretaries. . . . 
[87] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



The convention was very fully attended. . . . 
Among the interesting subjects descanted upon 
were the Militia and License questions." 

March 6, 1840: ''^ Whig Association. Anadjourned 
meeting of the Whigs of Dedham was held this 
evening at Alden's Hotel. A Constitution was read 
& adopted, and a society organized under the name 
of the ''Dedham Whig Association.^ The meeting 
was very full for a political meeting and a good 
feeling prevailed. Hon. John Endicott was chosen 
President of the Association. Several good and 
spirited resolves were passed, the last of which to 
support the nominations of Harrison and Tyler for 
President and Vice-President of the United States 
was received with enthusiasm and adopted by ac- 
clamation. Upwards of 100 citizens were present 
and signed the Constitution. The meeting sepa- 
rated for the evening after giving three hearty 
cheers for the Hero of Tippecanoe." 

March 17, 1840: Whig meeting at the Town 
House. After the meeting "the Company were 
invited to adjourn to Alden's Hotel and partake 
of the customary Whig Cheer, 'hard cider and 
crackers,' There was a bountiful supply of refresh- 
ments provided of which our Loco-foco friends who 
were present showed themselves no slouches at 
demolishing, although they might not so well di- 
gest the arguments of the several speakers." The 
Town House referred to was erected in 1829. 

William Ames's Diary, March i, 1840: "Last 
[ 88] 



Francis Alden 



night the Whigs of Dedham had a meeting at Al- 
den's Hotel to form a Whig Association. Meet 
again next Friday night." 

As stated before, the completion of the Boston 
and Providence Railroad and the extension of the 
line to Dedham sounded the death-knell of the 
Stage-Coach. As early as 183 1 the citizens of Ded- 
ham were seeking a way to introduce the Railroad 
to their village, for in that year *'a meeting of citi- 
zens in this vicinity was held at Alden's Hotel at 
which a committee of 5 was chosen to examine a 
suitable route for a Railroad in or near this 
village." 1 

Two years later on July 6, 1833, a meeting of the 
citizens of Dedham was held at "Alden's Hotel" 
and approved the proposition of the proprietors of 
the Boston and Providence Railroad to extend a 
branch from its road to Dedham, provided it should 
meet the approbation of the inhabitants.^ A com- 
mittee of twelve was appointed at this meeting to 
assist the engineer in locating a suitable route. It 
was thought the road would be ready for travel by 
the following November. "The beneficial effects 
upon the interests and trade of this town cannot 
be too highly estimated. Success to the enter- 



1 Dedham Patriot, October 28, 1831. Also Politician and Advocate ^ 
October 28, 1831. 

» Dedham Patriot, July 11, 1833. 

[89] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



The following year the contributors for the pur- 
chase of land for the Dedham Branch Railroad and 
the citizens of the town met at Alden's Hotel on 
^'Railroad Business'''' \'^ Samuel Swett, Chairman. 

December 8, 1834, the Railroad was opened to 
the public and Dedham for the first time was con- 
nected by rail with Boston. Two trips each way 
per day. Vale the Stage-Coach ! 

Just before the opening of the Dedham Branch 
Railroad, the Norfolk Advertiser, September 20, 
1834, gives this interesting bit of information re- 
garding Dedham, with a brief reference to the Nor- 
folk Hotel: 

"It is often remarked by travellers, who pass 
in the Providence coaches, that Dedham is one of 
the handsomest villages in the United States. Its 
beautiful shade trees have always been objects of 
admiration; and although but few of its buildings 
may be denominated elegant, there is scarcely a 
dwelling among them which does not wear an air 
of neatness and comfort which is quite as fascinat- 
ing as elegance itself. The Court-house is a beau- 
tiful piece of architecture, and its style and loca- 
tion are often the subject of commendatory remark. 
The three churches make a good appearance, and 
there are some private mansions, such as Haven's, 
Dowse's, Ames', Swett's, and Richards', which are 
large and handsomely situated. Besides the Norfolk 
Hotel (a first-rate house, kept by Alden), we have 

^ Dedham Patriot, November 13, 1834; December 4, 1834. 
[90] 



Francis Alden 



Shepard's, and the Dedham Hotel, soon to be opened 
by Its former landlord, Mr. Bride. This last Is a 
splendid new house, not surpassed In size, fixtures, 
or elegance of finish, by any In all the villages of 
Massachusetts." 

Mann's Diary continues to be replete with notes 
on Interesting events In Dedham history. His pet 
diversions were fishing and shooting, and his refer- 
ences to "Company Shoots" are here noted: 

December 5, 1828: "Company Shoot. . . . Paid 
two dolls, each with which Capt. Bingham pur- 
chased the turkeys. Shot at papers, 42 in number. 
. . . Supped together at Alden's Hotel. 312 shots 
were fired before the papers were hit. I did not 
hit one! Good chance to Improve." 

November 6, 1833 : " Company shoot." M. Bates, 
S. Lewis, W. H. Mann, G. Alden, A. Richards, 
and O. Pierce were on one side. On the other were 
P. Bingham, H. Mann, L. Shepard, J. A. Austin, 
E. Foord, and F. Alden. "The losers paid for the 
supper at Alden's." 

November 27, 1835: "Company shoot. Losers 
paid for supper at Alden's Hotel. Fired from the 
old Avery House, 25 rods. Sides, A. Richards, Wm. 
H. Mann, L. Shepard, J. N. E. Mann, Wm. Stearns, 
Geo. Alden, T. T. Kimball, Th. Brown, E. Foord, 
19. M. Bates, S. Lewis, H. Mann, P. Bingham, J. 
Bride, J. A. Austin, E. Newell, J. Chapin, Sumner 
D. Kingman, 23." 

[91 ] 



A Dedham T^avern 



November 25, 1836: "Annual shooting match on 
the grounds near the house of Josiah Smith on 
Dedham Island. Paid in ^3. each for purchase of 
poultry which cost this year 16 cts. per pound. Dis- 
tance precisely 30 rods. Number of marks forty- 
five. Supper at Alden's." The two sides consisted of 
S. C. Mann, A. Richards, WiUiam H. Mann, Will- 
iam Stevens, T. T. Kimball, Samuel Whiting, Enos 
Foord, Francis Alden, 19, Ebenezer Newell, Samuel 
Lewis, H. Mann, J. Chapin, George Alden, E. W. 
Sampson, P. Bingham, Samuel Lewis, Jr., and H. 
Felton, 26. 

November 24, 1837: Meeting of the Shooting 
Company at " Alden's Hotel " to arrange for the 
Annual Company Shoot to be held "in the Ames 
Clearing, near Sandy Valley, a fourth of a mile 
from the house of Mr. Briggs." 

Further references to "Company Shoots" are 
noted in the next chapter. 

Mann, as has been stated, was a member of one 
of the Engine Companies, and their meetings con- 
tinued to be held at "Alden's Hotel": 

January 5, 1829: ''''Engine Anniversary. The 
several engine companies in this village held their 
anniversary at Alden's Hotel. The supper was in 
Alden's best style. The toasts were tolerable. The 
number which sat down at the tables was about 
80. The Masons and Anti-Masons present ex- 
changed a few shots by way of trying their metal; 
no serious charge was made by either party, con- 
[92] 



Francis Alden 



sequently no blood, but some wine only was spilled 
in the skirmish. The company separated at an early 
hour in peace and harmony. J. Richardson, Esq., 
presided, assisted by H. Mann." 

January 17, 1829: "The subscribers for a new 
fire engine met at Alden's this evening. J. 
W. Ames Esq. was chosen moderator and E. 
Foord Esq. Sec'y. The Soliciting Committee made 
their report by which it appeared that they had 
obtained from the citizens the very liberal subscrip- 
tion of ^656.50, the inhabitants generally being well 
disposed towards the object in view. Maj. J. Clark, 
Joel Richards, and Capt. P. Bingham were ap- 
pointed a committee to purchase a first rate en- 
gine, with section hose and such other apparatus 
as the monies subscribed will allow. A committee 
was appointed to solicit further aid, it being de- 
sirable to raise $1000. if possible." 

May 6, 1834: A meeting of the Engine Company 
at Alden's Hotel. 

January 9, 1836: "The Annual Meeting of the 
several Engine Companies was held at Capt Alden's 
Hotel on the 5th inst. There were present in addi- 
tion to the invited guests 120 members." Dinner, 
toasts, etc. 

The Dedham Fire Society met at "Alden's Hotel" 
January i, 1832.^ This Society had its meetings 
here until 1848, the officials issuing notices being 
John Dixon, William H. Mann, and John King. 

1 Dedham Patriot, December 23, 183 1. 
[93 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



The Firewards of the several Parishes also met 
here.^ 

Preparations were also made for a Fire Depart- 
ment at "Alden's Hotel." 2 

It was well that Dedham was provided with En- 
gine Companies, Fire Societies, and Firewards at 
this period, for fires and incendiarism were rife. 
Mann, November 20, 1828, says: "Incendiaries. 
An attempt was made last night to set fire to an 
outhouse adjoining the sheds rear of Mr. Alden's." 

In 1832 (October 30), we have seen that Bride's 
Hotel together with its stable, was burned, and in 
1835 a man named John Wade was tried for setting 
it on fire. The Dedham Patriot of November 5, 
1835, gives an account of the trial. Justices Shaw, 
Putnam, Wilde, and Morton presided. James Tre- 
cothick Austin, Attorney-General, and Pliny Mer- 
rick, District-Attorney, prosecuted for the Com- 
monwealth. The prisoner was found guilty and 
sentenced to death, but later the sentence was 
commuted to one of imprisonment. "On the night 
of the fire Wade was stopping as a guest at the Nor- 
folk House, and during that night, as he after- 
wards confessed, he got up, dressed himself, went 
down stairs into the barroom, took my father's 
coat from a hook therein, put it on and coolly pro- 
ceeded to the Phoenix stables, set them on fire, and 
then as coolly returned to the Norfolk House, 

^ Norfolk Advertiser, August 20 and 27, 1836. 
2 Dedham Patriot, January 20, 1832. 

[94] 



Francis Alden 



slipped upstairs and into bed, having of course first 
hung the overcoat where he had taken it from. 
Later, however, he was at the fire, a seemingly 
innocent spectator of his own villainous act." ^ His 
room was in the attic story of the hotel. 

Mann has already alluded to the Masons and 
Anti-Masons, between whom a bitter feeling pre- 
vailed at this time. I quote from his Diary: 

June 24, 1829: "Masonic Festival. A large com- 
pany of the Fraternity (about 320) assembled in this 
village to celebrate the Nativity of St. John the 
Baptist. Towards noon they were marshalled in 
splendid array opposite Alden's Tavern. . . . After 
parading a short time through the street, they ar- 
rived again at the tavern, when, behold, out poured 
about 120 — ladies! — who crowding into the 
midst of the procession followed into the meeting 
house where they were conspicuously placed in the 
galleries." 

Although Alden, as well as his predecessors, 
Marsh and Gragg, were Masons, he did not object 
to the Anti-Masons meeting at his tavern : 

Dedham Patriot, August 29, 1833: ''Anti-Ma- 
sonic Notice." The Anti-Masonic citizens of Ded- 
ham were notified of a meeting at Alden's Hall 
August 30 at 7 o'clock, to choose delegates to the 
Anti-Masonic Convention to be held at Boston. 
Per order of the Town Committee. 

^ Samuel Mclntire's "Echoes of the Past"; Dedham Transcript, 
November 22, 1902. 

I 95] 



A Dedham Tavern 



Same, October lo, 1833: Notice to the Anti- 
Masonic citizens of Dedham to assemble at Alden's 
Hotel to nominate candidates for Senators. This 
was a large meeting, the various towns of Norfolk 
County sending delegates.^ 

SECOND CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY OF THE SET- 
TLEMENT OF DEDHAM, SEPTEMBER 21, 1836 

This Anniversary was a notable episode in Ded- 
ham's history. Elaborate preparations had been 
made for it by various bodies of the people. ' The 
Manufacturers and Mechanics of Dedham had met 
in August at the Norfolk Hotel to consider meas- 
ures for celebrating the occasion. ^ Their committee 
consisted of Thomas Barrows, Ezra W. Taft, Joel 
Richards, Captain F. Guild, Joseph Day, Edward 
B. Holmes, Captain R. Guild, 2d, Colonel Josiah 
N. Bird, Ira Russell, and Stephen Barry. 

The following were the Assistant Marshals who 
met at Alden's Hotel on September 17, for consult- 
ation: John Morse, Theodore Gay, 2d, Luther 
Eaton, Reuben Guild, 2d, James Downing, Ezra 
W. Taft, Francis Guild, Joseph Fisher, Austin 
Bryant, N. A. Hewins, John D. Colburn, Benjamin 
Boyden, Nathan Philips, Joseph A. Wilder, Stephen 
Barry, Ira Russell, Merrill Ellis, Samuel C. Mann, 
Edward B. Holmes, E. D. Weld, Joseph Day, 
Josiah Dean, 2d, E. G. Robinson, Theodore Met- 

^ See also Norfolk Advertiser, September 6, 1834. 
* Norfolk Advertiser, August 13 and 27, 1836. 

[96] 



Francis Alden 



calf, and R. G. Trescott. The Chief Marshal 
was Nathaniel Guild. 

The Day of Celebration. The procession was in 
the following order: 

Military Escort, 
Band, 
Aide — Chief Marshal — Aide, 
Committee of Arrangements, 
President, 
Orator and Chaplain, 

Clergy, 
Vice-Presidents, 
Governor and Suite, 

Marshals, 

Invited Guests, 

Sheriff of Norfolk, , 

Selectmen of Dedham, 

Marshals, 

Subscribers to the Dinner, 

Marshals, 

Citizens and others 

who join the Procession. 

Francis Alden worked hard to make the cele- 
bration a success. ''Mine host of the Norfolk Hotel 
[Captain Alden] is engaged with indefatigable in- 
dustry in preparing his part of the arrangements." ^ 

The Norfolk Advertiser ^ describes the events of 
the day as follows: "Wednesday last was a proud 
day for Dedham. The Second Centennial Anni- 
versary of the settlement of the town was cele- 

1 Norfolk Advertiser, September 17, 1836. 

2 September 24, 1836. 

[97I 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



brated in a style of tasteful elegance and rich 
display rarely excelled. The arrangements of the 
Town Committee were very extensive and afforded 
a grand entertainment for the numerous body of 
Dedham's sons, who returned once more to the 
home of their childhood — to our honored invited 
guests, and the large collection of people from Bos- 
ton and adjoining towns, who assembled on the oc- 
casion. The day was ushered in by a grand salute of 
loo guns and a merry peal from the village bells. 
. . . At 8 o'clock the Fire Dept. of Dedham, under 
the command of their Firewards, formed in front 
of the Town House, on Western Avenue, and es- 
corted by the Boston Brass Band they moved 
through Western Avenue, Centre Street and Com- 
mon Street to the village green in front of the First 
Church, where the engines were placed in a double 
column with a space in the centre for the procession 
to pass through. There were 8 companies present 
with their engines and apparatus. Each member 
wore the badge of his company. . . . 

"At ten o'clock, the children attending our pub- 
lic schools formed in procession at the District 
School House, under the care of their respective 
teachers, and marched to the village green, es- 
corted by the Dedham Light Infantry, and were 
placed in lines within the columns of engines in 
front of the Church. This simple and unpretending 
parade was one of the most interesting and gratify- 
ing sights of the day. It was a moving but speech- 
[98] 



Francis Alden 



less comment upon the noble nature of our free in- 
stitutions. Who could witness those long lines of 
pretty, smiling faces, and orderly, well dressed and 
intelligent youths, without being proud to say: I 
am an American citizen! 

"The General procession formed at half past ten, 
on Western Avenue. Escort duty was performed by 
the Dedham Light Infantry under the command of 
Capt. Wm. Pedrick,accompanied by the Band. . . . 
The Procession moved from Western Avenue to 
the Norfolk Hotel, where it was joined by his Ex- 
cellency the Governor, Edward Everett, and Suite, 
the Orator of the day, the Reverend Clergy, the 
County Officers and invited guests. Among the 
latter we noticed the Governor's Aids, Cols. R. C. 
Winthrop and Andrew, President Josiah Quincy, 
Hon. Judge Davis, of the District Court, Hon. 
Alexander H. Everett, Adj. Gen. Dearborn, Hon. 
Wm. Jackson, M.C. and the Hon. Franklin Dex- 
ter. The procession then moved through the prin- 
cipal streets to the Village Green, passed through 
a grand ornamental arch and the lines of Children 
and Engines to the Meeting House. The Arch 
above mentioned was a frame of lattice work 
covered with evergreen and flowers; on one side 
were the words, in bold letters, 'Incorporated 
1636,' and on the other '1836.'" 

Services were held at the Meeting-House with 
an introductory prayer by the Rev. Mr. Lamson 
and an address by Samuel F. Haven, son of the 

[99] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Hon. Judge Haven, The dinner was served In a 
spacious pavilion erected in the rear of Western 
Avenue. "About 600 persons sat down to the din- 
ner which was served up by Capt. Francis Alden of 
the Norfolk Hotel. It was truly the 'feast of reason 
and flow of soul.'" After a blessing by the Rev. 
John White of the West Parish there followed the 
regular toasts and an oration by Gov. Edward 
Everett, who was greeted "with deafening ap- 
plause." Hon. James Richardson presided. ^ 

It will be noticed that the Dedham Light Infantry 
played an imposing part in this Second Centennial 
Anniversary of the Settlement of Dedham. Captain 
Alden himself was an honored member of the Mi- 
litia, and his tavern was a favorite resort for their 
meetings. 2 The Dedham Light Infantry frequently 
assembled there, some of the notices sent out being 
signed by "Lyman R. Colburn, O.S." and others 
by him as "Clerk."^ 

Another anniversary which was pretty generally 
celebrated in Dedham was Independence Day. The 
Norfolk Hotel, as we have seen, was occasionally 
an important participant, and the following will 
serve as illustrations of the spirit of the occasions : 

^ An excellent account of this occasion may be found in Samuel F. 
Haven's Address at Dedham, beginning page 72. 

2 Roberts's Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, vol. 3, p. 2. 

' Dedham Patriot, May 29, 1834; April 30, 1835; Norfolk Adver- 
tiser, July 2, 1836; August 27, 1836. 

[ 100 ] 



Francis Alden 



Politician and Advocate^ July 7, 183 1 : 

'"''Fourth of July Celebration 

"The 55th anniversary of our Country's Eman- 
cipation from foreign thraldom was celebrated by 
our citizens in an appropriate and spirited manner. 
The collection of people was respectably numerous 
and from various towns adjacent. A procession was 
formed at Alden's Hotel and thence proceeded to 
the parish meeting house, under escort of Dedham 
Light Infantry, under Capt. Eaton, where a sound 
and eloquent address was pronounced by Rev. A. 
V. Bassett. After which, the company sat down to 
an excellent dinner prepared by Capt. Alden, in his 
best style. . . . 

"The toasts delivered on the occasion, we are 
sorry to state, savor rather too much of violent 
partyism, to comport well with the celebration of 
an anniversary In which men of all parties, and of 
every political creed, cannot but unite and ought, 
it seems to us, harmonize. 

" Subjoined are the regular, and as many of the 
volunteer toasts, as we have been able to collect: 

" The President of the United States — We honor 
the office, we honor the Hero of New Orleans — 
may the days of his retirement be as happy as those 
of his victories were glorious. 

" The memory of Washington — time cannot dim 
the lustre of his virtues — eternity will be the 
guardian of his fame. 

[ loi ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



" The memory of Warren and those who fell in 
their Country's cause — To behold the fruits of the 
sacrifice would be a rich reward to their generous 
and heroic spirits. 

"Robert Y. Hayne and his associates and their 
scheme of Nullification — may it be carried into 
effect when they can show how every state can 
enjoy equal privileges — the constitution and laws 
of the U. S. be the Supreme law of the land — and 
yet any state have a right to annul any law they 
dislike. 

''Daniel Webster — The man most eloquent in 
defence of the Union deserves a place at Its head. 

" The Poles and their cause — may their leader 
possess the wisdom of Washington, the heroic brav- 
ery of their own Kosciusko, and may their success 
and prosperity equal our own." 

Toasts were given to "The Day," "The people 
of the U. S.," "The new Cabinet If any there be," 
"The natural and lasting bond of Union of the 
States," "The late Secretary Eaton's better half," 
"The nations that are struggling against oppres- 
sion," and "The Reverend Clergy of all denomin- 
ations." 

There were also several volunteer toasts given at 
this dinner: 

"By Horace Mann, Esq.: The wisdom of our 
ancestors ; which instead of standing armies to gov- 
ern the people, provided common schools, that they 
might govern themselves. 

[ 102 ] 



Francis Alden 



"By J. H. Cobb, Esq.: Our public servants at 
Washington. Those who cut and run away 

" May live to fight another day. 
Those who still maintain their stations 
May live for future reformations. 

" By A. Tillinghast, Esq. : The Good Ship United 
States — her colors half mast — Union down — 
Signal of Distress — the wind on shore and blow- 
ing a gale — the Captain deficient in nautical skill 
— the under officers in a state of mutiny and re- 
yolt^ __ the crew must rise and put Commodore 
Clay in command with a good Pilot at helm or the 
ship must founder. 

" By J. N. E. Mann : Henry Clay — the would-be 
President of the U. S. — like Pindar's razors, made 

to sell." 

Other volunteer toasts were given by T. Barrows, 
Herman Mann, George Alden, W. H. Mann, J. 
Richardson, L. Powers, Simeon Smith, T. P. Rider, 
and George Brown. 

Dedham Patriot, July 8, 1831: "Our Independ- 
ence was commemorated (on July 4th) in this town 
with an unusual degree of spirit and conduct. 13 
discharges of cannon announced the dawning of the 
day. These were followed by 24 more at sunrise, 
and immediately succeeded simultaneous peals 
upon the bells." A large procession, marshalled 
by Colonel A. Guild and Mr. H. Monroe, pro- 
ceeded to the Rev. Mr. Lamson's Meeting-House, 
I 103 1 



A Dedham Tavern 



where exercises were held. The procession then 
"returned to Alden's Hotel where they partook of 
a very excellent dinner." 

Same, July lo, 1834: Grand Celebration of the 
Fourth of July in Dedham. Procession, Oration, 
and services In the Meeting-House, with "an elo- 
quent and fervid appeal by Rev. Mr. Lamson. . . . 
After the services In the meeting-house, the pro- 
cession was again formed and repaired to the tables 
on the green, where a sumptuous entertainment 
was prepared by Capt. Francis Alden, 'mine host' 
of the Norfolk Hotel." Various toasts followed, 
Thomas Barrows presiding. The Committee of Ar- 
rangements, which met at the Norfolk House 
June 19,^ consisted of Herman Mann, Jason Guild, 
Joseph Sumner, Joseph A. Wilder, Theodore Gay, 
2d, Enoch G. Jackman, Luther Eaton, Elbrldge 
G. Robinson, Edward D. Weld, Jabez Coney, Jr., 
Simeon Smith, and Austin Bryant. 

At about this period the W ashingtonian Tem- 
perance movement swept the country and many 
New England taverns were forced out of business. 
Dedham was divided between the Liberal and Tem- 
perance parties. There were stirring and stormy 
scenes at town-meetings, and conventions of both 
parties were held at the Norfolk Hotel. ^ Tem- 

^ Dedham Patriot. 

* Mann's Diary, March 14, 1838; Norfolk Advertiser, February 17, 
1838; Same, January 26, 1839. 



[ 104 ] 



Francis AUen 



perance meetings were the fashion. The Dedham 
Patriot mentions one : * 

"Temperance meeting. A number of the citizens 
of Dedham met at Alden's Hotel on Tuesday even- 
ing for the purpose of forming a Charitable Tem- 
perance Society on the principle of abstaining from 
the use of all ardent spirits, including wine." J. A. 
Etheridge, Moderator; J. C. Grossman, Secretary. 
A few days later, December 14, the Society again 
met at the same place. Simeon Smith was chosen 
President; John A. Etheridge, Vice-President; 
Sabin M. Smith, Secretary; Horatio Clark, Treas- 
urer. 

The Temperance Party triumphed for the time 
being, and Francis Alden, accepting the situation, 
conducted the Norfolk Hotel in strict accordance 
with the license laws, as shown by this editorial in 
the Norfolk Advertiser: ^ "There are some taverns 
in this County who have honestly banished ardent 
spirits from their bar rooms, agreeably to law, and 
there are doubtless others who still continue to lay 
the tempter before the unwary, dealing out spirits 
in spite of law and to the detriment of society. We 
would therefore earnestly recommend to the sober 
travelling public that they use means to ascertain 
who among the tavern keepers obeys the law and 
who tramples upon it, and by all means to patron- 
ize on all occasions the former instead of the latter. 
As one among the number of lawfully and well con- 

* December 12, 1833. * May 14, 1836. 

[ 105 ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



ducted hotels we would mention Alden's In this vil- 
lage. Our friends who have occasion to patronize 
a public house cannot do better than to call at that 
establishment." 

Although Alden obeyed the liquor laws, there 
were doubtless many taverners who did not: "The 
County Commissioners have refused to grant any 
licenses to taverners to sell the ardent. It Is sup- 
posed that many of them continue to sell contrary 
to the Statute." ^ 

About the year 1840 the Old Court House, -which 
had been removed from Its early site near the Nor- 
folk Hotel to the opposite side of the street In 1827 
or 1828, became known as Temperance Hall.2 

Despite the success of the advocates of Temper- 
ance the Liberal Party and the License Advocates 
fought Prohibition tooth and nail : 

Norfolk Advertiser, April 16, 1836: A meeting of 
the Taverners and Retailers was held at "Capt. F. 
Alden's Hotel "to consider the refusal of the County 
Commissioners to grant them licenses. A letter 
from the Hon. Rufus Choate was read to the meet- 
ing, giving his professional advice with regard to 
the Constitutionality of the license laws. 

Mann's Z)zWy, October 24,1838: "Attended a 
convention of the citizens opposed to the present 
arbitrary laws, at Alden's Hotel." 

Norfolk Advertiser, October 20, 1838: A request 

* Mann's Diary, February 12, 1838. 
^ Dedham Historical Register, vol. xiv, p, 44. 
[ 106] 



Francis Alden 



to the "citizens of Dedham opposed to the present 
Laws to assemble at Alden's Hotel on the 24th." 
At this meeting it was voted to oppose these laws, 
"because they closed our public-houses and im- 
mured many of our most worthy and industrious 
citizens within the cold walls of a prison." The 
same paper, October 27, thus comments on this 
meeting: " The Striped Pig Convention, the call for 
which was to be ' signed by 62 legal voters in Nor- 
folk County ' met at Alden's on Wednesday. We 
understand that the number present was quite 
small. According to accounts, it was hardly a de- 
cent litter. Whether there were any sucking ones 
among them, or no, we are not informed." 

This great Temperance wave had its effect on the 
profits of taverns and many were offered for sale, 
among them Alden's: 

''Norfolk Hotel, For Sale or To Let 
"That well known and highly eligible Tavern 
Stand situated in the centre of Dedham village and 
directly opposite the Court House, is now offered 
for Sale. This establishment has long been under 
the management of Francis Alden, the present 
occupier. It consists of a large and commodious 
house, 3 stories high, extensive Stable and Out- 
buildings. The buildings are mostly newand in good 
repair. This is decidedly one of the best stands in 
the County. It is located in a pleasant and thriv- 
ing village within 40 minutes of Boston by the Rail- 
[ 107] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



road. It affords a delightful retreat from the city 
for boarders and parties of pleasure. . . . For 
further particulars inquire of Francis Alden on the 
premises, or of Leonard Alden, Low Plain, Ded- 
ham." 1 

It was two years, however, before Alden could 
dispose of his tavern. 

In 1832 the Cholera ravaged many of our Eastern 
States. In New York the business of the city was 
completely prostrated by it, and it is said that there 
were forty-two hundred cases there and twenty- 
five hundred deaths.^ Dedham early took meas- 
ures to prevent the spread of the disease to the 
village : 

Dedham Patriot, August 3, 1832: ^^ Notice, The 
Citizens of this village are invited to meet at Al- 
den's Hotel tomorrow evening to take measures for 
a thorough cleansing of the Village, and to adopt 
such other measures as may be thought expedient, 
in reference to the possible approach of the Cholera 
to this place." 

Same, August 9, 1832: 

"At a meeting of the citizens on Aug. 4th. at 
Alden's Hotel to consider measures to stay or pre- 
vent the ravages of the Spasmodic Cholera, should 
the town be visited with that fatal malady; the 
meeting was organized by choosing Maj. Clark, 
Chairman, J. H. Cobb, Sec'y* The meeting was 



1 Norfolk Advertiser, May 5, 1838. 
' Norfolk Advertiser, August 10, 1832. 
[ 108] 



Francis Alden 



addressed by Dr. J. Stimson, Hon. J. Richardson 
and E. Worthington, Esq. On motion it was ^ ^ 

" Voted, as the sense of this meeting, that it is 
the duty of each citizen and householder to see that 
his premises are thoroughly cleansed, and that 
they and each of them be requested to attend to 
that subject accordingly. 

" Voted, that a committee of six be chosen to 
examine the premises of the citizens and house- 
holders of this village, and such others in other 
parts of the town as they may think necessary, 
with the consent of the occupants, and see that the 
foregoing vote be carried into effect so far as prac- 
ticable. ... T u 

"Whereupon Messrs Samuel Swett, Jacob 
Clark, James Bride, Calvin Guild, George Dixon 
and Dr. Jeremy Stimson were chosen. 

" Voted^ to adjourn this meeting to Saturday, the 
l8th. inst. to meet at 7.30 f.m. at this place." \ 

Various items of interest connected with the Nor- 
folk Hotel, or "Alden's Hotel," are now referred 

to: 

Dedham Patriot, March 18, 1831: "The inhabit- 
ants of Dedham who feel an interest in the question 
of the mode of repairing the Highways are requested 
to meet at Alden's Hotel. . . ." 

Same, May 27, 183 1 : Notice of a meeting of the 
Norfolk County Committee of Workingmen at Al- 
1 Norfolk Advertiser, August lo, 1832. 
[ 109 1 



A Dedham Tavern 

den's Hotel for planning a public celebration of the 

approaching Fourth of July; Herman Mann, 

Chairman. 

Same, September 2, 1831: Notice of a meeting 

of the directors of the Norfolk Association of 

Teachers at Alden's Hotel; William H. Spear, 

Chairman.^ 

Same, November 9, 1832: Nathaniel Guild, Col- 
lector, notifies certain persons to pay their taxes 

"at the house of Francis Alden." 

Same, September 18, 1834: J. R. and W.'Howe 

& Co.'s. New York Menagerie exhibited "near F. 

Alden's Hotel." 

January 6, 1834: "At a meeting of the Propr's of 

the Social Library at Mr. Alden's Tavern, Maj. 

Jacob Clarke was chosen Moderator, Jonathan H. 

Cobb, Clerk, Mason Richards, Librarian, Treas. 

and Collector, Joseph Fales, Fred'k A. Taft and 
James Farrlngton, Standing Committee." 2 The 
call for this meeting was signed by Joseph Metcalf, 
Asahel Smith, John Eaton, Luther Eaton, and Jesse 
Farrlngton. The annual meetings continued to be 
held here until 1841. 

It was probably In the year 1835 that the large, 
fine elm tree on the Norfolk Hotel grounds and 
near George A. Phillips's house was set out by 
Abner Alden. It Is said that he brought It here on 
his shoulders from Elm Street, where his grand- 

^ See also Dedham Patriot, July 13, 1832, August 31, 1832. 
* Original Records of the Dedham Social Library. 

[ no 1 



Francis Alden 



father lived. He was born in the Norfolk Hotel 
while his father was landlord, January 29, 1821.1 
Other elm trees were planted near the Tavern 
about this time. William Ames, May 6, 1836, says: 
"Two elm trees, one 30 feet high, the other 27, 
were dug up today to be set out near Alden's Tav- 
ern. The smallest came from a swamp." 

Dedkam Patriot, December 10, 1835: " Likenesses 
taken in full length" at "Capt. F. Alden's Hotel. 

Norjolk Advertiser, January 23, 1836: Notice of 
a meeting of the Dedham Village Avenue Associa- 
tion at Alden's Hotel. I. Cleveland, Secretary. 

Same, March 12, 1836: "Citizens desirmg of or- 
namenting the streets of Dedham with forest trees' 
are notified to meet at Alden's Hotel. 

Same, February 4, 1837: "In place of the cars, a 
stage is run daily to Boston by Mr. Mclntire, 
starting from Alden's at 8 a.m. & will continue to 
run until the cars resume their wonted trips." 

Same, February 18, 1837: Abner Alden, son of 
Francis Alden, had a narrow escape from death. 
While riding a horse kept at his father's stable, it 
ran away, severely injuring him. 

Same, July 8, 1837: Two chaises collided in front 
of Alden's Hotel. "One of the pillars which sup- 
ported the portico in front of the hotel was carried 
away, and a stone post much loosened." 

Same, November 11, 1837: "Mrs. Barry pro- 
poses opening a School on the 13th Nov. at Mr. 

1 The "Old Norfolk House"; Dedham Transcript, March 6, 1909- 
[ III ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



Alden's Hotel for the purpose of teaching the Art 
of making Wax Flowers, Fruit, etc." 

Mann's Diary, December 26, 1837: "Court is in 
Session, Judge Cummings presiding. Alden's Hotel 
is full from garret to cellar." 

William Ames's Diary, March 28, 1838: "Anti- 
Slavery Convention in Dedham. Negroes and 
mulattoes attended. These Mulattoes ate dinner, 
supper and breakfast at Alden's with their white 
abolitionists, who it was plain were only acting a 
part." 

Norfolk Democrat, April 27, 1839: A meeting of 
the Dedham Boat Company was held at "Alden's 
Hotel." 

William Ames's Diary, November 10, 1839: 
Mr. T. Metcalf and family came to board at 
Alden's Hotel yesterday." 

In 1839 Francis Alden made another unsuccess- 
ful attempt to dispose of his tavern and published 
this notice in the Norfolk Democrat, October 12: 

" Valuable Tavern Stand. 

''At Auction. 

"Will be sold at public auction on the 13th 

inst. at I P.M. that well known establishment, 

Alden's Hotel, situated in the centre of Dedham 

Village, within a few rods of the Court House. The 

establishment consists of a large and commodious 

House, three stories high, with suitable Stables and 

[ 112 ] 



Francis Alden 



outbuildings. This sale will afford a rare opportun- 
ity to obtain an eligible Stand for a country Hotel. 
The buildings are in good repair, having been 
mostly built within a few years. . . ." 

October 27 of the same year William Ames 
writes: "My landlord, Mr. Alden, means to sell out 
or rather his brother Leonard who owns the Hotel 
means to, and Mr. Alden is about to take charge 
of the cars on Dedham Branch Railroad." And on 
November 3: "My landlord, Mr. Alden, means to 
sell out on the 13th inst." 

Later Alden was more successful in disposmg of 
his tavern, and on March 10, 1840, the Norfolk 
hotel passed into the hands of Martin Bates, the 
consideration specified being $6000.^ The title 
since September 7, 1829, had been nommally m 
Leonard Alden,^ brother of Francis Alden, but 
the latter remained in charge as landlord until the 
sale to Bates. 

1 Norfolk Reg. of Deeds, Book 127, page 3. 

2 Norfolk Reg. of Deeds, Book 88, page 122. 



VI 

Martin Bates and Others, Landlords, 
1840-1866 

MARTIN BATES was the last of the tav- 
ern keepers of the Norfolk Hotel. His 
policy was to lease the house to various 
landlords, but he acted himself as such at different 
times, filling in the gaps when the house was with- 
out a landlord. 

The Dedham Gazette, December 18, 1869, pub- 
lished this short sketch of Bates's life: "Mr. Mar- 
tin Bates, who died in this town on the 8th Inst, 
was a native of Dedham, and was the son of Samuel 
and Mary F. Bates. Early In life he went to Dan- 
vers, where he learned the trade of a Nailer, and 
returning to his native town, followed his trade 
at Mill Village. He afterwards removed to this 
village, where for some time he carried on business 
as a blacksmith. Gradually he commenced the 
purchase of Real Estate, of which he was at one 
time the largest owner In town. For several years 
he was the owner and proprietor of the Norfolk 
House. The value of his estate will not fall short 
of $35,000." 1 

There is a reference to the Tavern in William 

^ For further particulars of Bates's life and family see Dedham Re- 
cords, Church and Cemetery, 163 8-1 845; edited by Don Gleason Hill. 

[ 114] 




MARTIN BATES 



Martin Bates and Others 



Ames's Diary ^ within a week of Bates's ownership, 
though it is still called "Alden's Hotel": 

"Last night there was a large Whig meeting at 
the Town Hall which was as full as it could hold, 
both seats and aisles. A Boston gentleman made 
an eloquent, animating speech, two others were 
made, one by a mechanic, the other I think was a 
Walpole farmer, both of them showed good sense 
and the last not a little humour. After this a gentle- 
man sung a song in praise of the gray bearded sol- 
dier Harrison to the tune of 'old lang syne' — the 
audience sung the chorus with great enthusiasm. 
Delegations from Canton, Walpole and Roxbury 
were present — these were invited to Alden's 
Hotel where they were furnished with a cold colla- 
tion. I saw E. G. Robinson and Wilder of the Ded- 
ham Loco Foco paper present at the meeting. Great 
earnestness and zeal were shown on the occasion." 
Arrangements had been made for this meeting ten 
days previously when over one hundred Whigs 
met at "Alden's Hall" and formed themselves into 
a Whig Association. 2 

George W. Haseltine, landlord from April i, 1840, 
to February 4, 1841, was the first of the several 
lessees during the Martin Bates regime. Herman 
Mann thus introduces him:^ "Mr. George W. 
Haseltine from Salem has just taken the hotel in 

1 March 17, 1840. * William Ames's Diary, March 7, 1840. 

* Mann's Diary, April 20, 1840. 

[ 115 1 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



this village formerly kept by Mr. Alden. About 50 
of the citizens called upon him this evening by 
previous arrangement and partook of an elegant 
supper, by way of trial of his skill, and found it 
excellent. Several gentlemen volunteered toasts on 
this occasion; myself being called upon gave 'Our 
new Landlord — though the Hazel-tiuG has taken 
the place of the Alder, may no one have cause to 
regret the change — let the tree be judged by its 
fruit.'" 

William Ames briefly alludes to Haseltine's ad- 
vent as landlord: 

"March 27, 1840, at last Mr. Hazleton, my new 
landlord, has come — he begins to keep Alden's 
Hotel April 1st." 

"April I, 1840, today Mr. Hazelton takes Mr. 
Alden's place. I doubt his success." Ames makes 
many allusions to Haseltine and it is curious to see 
the various ways he spells his new landlord's name. 
The year 1840 was marked by the exciting Har- 
rison or "Tippecanoe and Tyler too" campaign. 
On July 4, 1840, there was a grand Whig Celebra- 
tion in Dedham in honor of General Harrison. On 
the Common in front of the First Parish Meeting- 
House a crowd estimated at from 7500 to 10,000 
people was addressed by the various speakers — 
"A glorious day for Old Norfolk." ^ The Nor- 
folk Hotel must have done a large business that 
day. 

^ Mann's Diary, July 4, 1840. 
[ 116] 



Martin Bates and Others 

William Ames describes the day as follows: 
"Some thousands of Whigs marched in a long pro- 
cession from the space in front of Mr. Lamson's 
Meeting House to the Harrison Grove where all 
things were in readiness — seats for the ladies and 
Revolutionary soldiers, a log house and platform 
for the speakers. General Wilson of New Hamp- 
shire addressed the audience almost two hours. . . . 
We all listened to him with the deepest interest 
and attention. Never before did I see an audience 
show so much of both and to such an intense degree 
that they often seemed unwilling to applaud for 
fear of losing a few of the speaker's words. We ate 
dinner at long tables in the woods after which we 
had toasts and sentiments. ... at four we came 
back to the green in front of Mr. Lamson's Meet- 
ing House. Bells were rung, cannon fired, music 
played." 

November 9, 1840, was Presidential Election 
Day in this campaign. Ames thus describes it: 
"Election day. Old Tip is sure of his election. 
Four P.M. it seems 643 votes were cast in this town 
today, a majority of 104 for Whig Electors. . . . 
At night a large number of Whigs met at Hazel- 
ton's Hotel where we kept receiving returns from 
the towns in Norfolk County which all showed a 
gain for the Whigs. As fast as the result was de- 
clared we cheered. At supper the two long tables 
were full and after the first comers had eaten an- 
other lot took their places. A number of bottles of 
[ 117] 



A Dedham Tavern 



champaign were drank. I went to bed at half past 
one in the morning. It rained very hard all the 
time, so the men that brought in the votes were 
wet as drowned rats." 

Haseltine, though landlord for less than a year, 
was a popular one nevertheless. The winter of 
1 840-1 841 brought its full share of fun and frolic 
to his hotel. The following serve as illustrations : 

Norfolk Democrat, November 28, 1840: ''Social 
Ball. Those who wish to unite in a Social Ball are 
requested to meet at Haseltine's Hotel on Ddc. 5th 
at 7 P.M." Such was the success of this ball that 
it was resolved to have a New Year's Ball at the 
same place. ^ 

Same, December 26, 1840; "There is to be a 
Social Ball at Haseltine's Hotel on Jan. 6th. The 
Hall in this house has recently been enlarged and 
newly fitted up for the accommodation of dancing 
parties. The managers are right good ones, the 
music the best — Mr. Haseltine's accommodations 
are good and the tickets come at a reasonable price 
(^3). Nothing is wanted as we can see to insure a 
large company and a right merry time." The 
Managers were D. B. Farrington, Albert Morse, 
Samuel Davenport, C. D. Reed, Horace Bacon, 
William Shattuck, and Jesse Weatherbee. 

William Ames's Diary: "December 19, 1840. 
Three Swiss or Tyrolese sung last night at Hazel- 
tin's. About 200 present." 

^ William Ames refers to it, December 31, 1840. 
[ 118] 



Martin Bates and Others 

Same, "December 22, 1840, a Band of Music 
played at Hazelton's Hotel, began 7 p.m." 

Same, "January 5, 1841, Engine Supper at 
Hazelton's, about 60 present. Mr. Richardson made 
a speech, some songs, toasts, etc. Very little wine 
drank." ^ 

Same, "January 6, 1841, A Ball at Haseltine's 
last night lasted till 4 a.m. today, about 50 couples 
present." Ames has spelt his landlord's name cor- 
rectly at last. 

During this same winter the Universalists held a 
number of meetings at "Haseltine's Hotel," lec- 
tures being delivered on the subject of Universal- 
ism by the Rev. Hosea Ballou, Rev. Emmons Part- 
ridge, Rev. O. A. Skinner, Mr. Whittemore, and 
Mr. Thompson.^ 

The Dedham Thief Detecting Society was or- 
ganized at "Hazeltine's Hotel" February 3, 1841, 
when the Constitution was approved with this 
preamble: 

"From the great numbers of Larcenies recently 
committed in this village and vicinity in no case of 
which the perpetrators have been discovered it 
seems to have become necessary that some mea- 
sures should be adopted which shall have for their 
object the more effectual suppression of the crime 
of Larceny and petty pilfering. . . . We have 

1 See also Mann's Diary, January 4, 1841. 

* Norfolk Democrat, January 22 and 29, February 19 and March S, 
1841. Also William Ames's Diary, December 21, 1840, January, 1841. 

[ 119] 



A Dedham T'avern 



argreed to unite in a Society to be called the Ded- 
ham Thief Detecting Society. . . . 

"John Bullard, "^ Committee to 
"Wm. H. Mann, Kdrajtthe 
"Austin Bryant, J Constitution.^'^ '^ 
The organization of the Society was followed by 
an adjourned meeting, February 6, 1841, at "Haz- 
eltine's Hotel" when the following officers were 
chosen: Jonathan Cobb, Moderator; President, 
John Bullard; Vice-President, George Ellis, 2d; 
Secretary, William H. Mann; Treasurer, William 
Ames. A "Detecting Committee" of nine was 
chosen, consisting of J. N. E. Mann, Hezekiah 
Whiting, Nathaniel A. Hewins, John H. Loring, 
Eliphalet Stone, Edmund Mclntire, David A. 
Baker, and Austin Bryant. A "Pursuing Com- 
mittee" of thirteen was also chosen: George Alden, 
William Whiting, John Cox, John H. Loring, 
Joshua E. Carter, Jason Guild, Reuben Farrington, 
Jr., Reuben S. Wilson, Benjamin Boyden, Oliver 
Capen, Theodore T. Kimball, Francis Alden, and 
John Bullard, Jr. Until 1847 the Society held its 
meetings at the Norfolk Hotel. It was limited to 
the First Parish. 2 

Edmond Mclntire succeeded Haseltine as land- 
lord February 4, 1841. William Ames thus intro- 

^ Original Records of the Society in the Dedham Historical Society. 
See also William Ames's Diary, February 4, 1841. 
* Mann's Diary, January 6, 1846. 

[ 120 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

duces him : " February 4, 1 841, this morning my new- 
landlord, Mr. Maclntire, began operations, a sud- 
den move to us all." The preceding day Ames 
writes: "My landlord Haseltine has sold out to 
Reuben Farrington who cannot have bought for 
himself." Haseltine had contemplated leaving the 
Norfolk Hotel the December previous.^ 

The Norfolk Hotel, or "Mclntire's," as it now 
came to be known, continued to be the headquar- 
ters of the Whigs, whose champion, Harrison, had 
brought the campaign to a close in a blaze of glory 
for the party. The Whigs determined to celebrate 
his inauguration as President on March 4, in a be- 
fitting manner, and so gave a grand ball in the Nor- 
folk Hotel. It proved to be probably the most bril- 
liant spectacle ever witnessed there. Mann thus 
describes it in his Diary, March 4, 1841 : 

''Grand Ball The Whigs of Dedham gave a Ball 
in honor of the success of WTiig principles and the 
Inauguration of Wm. Henry Harrison this day, as 
President of the U. S. It was decided to dance out 
the old administration and to dance in the new 
one. Accordingly the Company began to assemble 
at an early hour last evening at the Norfolk Hotel, 
(Mclntire's) and the house was soon crowded from 
top to bottom. The extensive Hotel was brilliantly 
illuminated throughout, the music was excellent, 
and everything conducted with order and decorum. 
An elegant supper was provided by the landlord, 
^ William Ames's Diary, December 28, 1840. 
[ 121 ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



and double tables set the whole length of the din- 
ing hall; but it was found impossible to seat more 
than half the company at one time. The halls were 
handsomely decorated with festoons, flags and 
other patriotic emblems. This was my first appear- 
ance in a Ball room as one of the company — all 
my family but the youngest attended. As soon as 
the clock told the hour of twelve and that the reign 
of Van Burenism had terminated, the fact was an- 
nounced and three times three hearty cheers were 
given by the whole company for the success of the 
new administration. Several patriotic songs were 
sung." 

William Ames also mentions this ball in his 
Diary, March 4, 1841: 

"There was a great Whig Ball last night at Mac- 
Intire's Hotel at which about 120 couples were 
present. The Hotel was illuminated. Many Whig 
songs were sung and the frolic kept up till between 
4 and 5 in the morning. I was a spectator merely 
— ate supper however with the dancers." 

Harrison died soon after his inauguration and 
John Tyler succeeded him as President. Tyler ap- 
pointed May 14 as the day for all Americans to do 
honor to Harrison's memory. Ames alludes to this 
occasion in his Diary, May 7, 1841: "A meeting 
was held last night at Maclntire's Hotel to notice 
the 14th of May as President Tyler has recom- 
mended in honour of Harrison's memory. A com- 
mittee of 9 was chosen to see about the arrange- 
[ 122 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

merits." On the appointed day Ames writes: "The 
Banks and shops closed and places of worship 
open." 

President Tyler's Veto of the Tariff Bill is re- 
called by the first reception of the news in Dedham : 
"On Tuesday afternoon last as a number of our 
quiet citizens were regaling themselves at Mcln- 
tire's, up drove a man in a light gig, his horse drip- 
ping wet and himself bespattered with mud, whose 
first and most anxious wish was to get a fresh horse 
to carry him to Boston. He had come from Wash- 
ington, on express, with the President's [Tyler] 
Veto, and not a moment's delay could he willingly 
suffer. His call was promptly responded to, and 
he was away with speed equal to John Gilpin or 
Joe Fairbanks. After he was gone the news spread 
like wildfire that the Veto Message had gone to 
Boston by express." ^ 

Ames notes several Whig meetings at "Mc- 
tire's": 

"February 28, 1841, A Whig Caucus last night 
at Maclntire's — a full one." 

"October 2, 1841, A Whig Caucus at Mcln- 
tire's Hotel. Wm. Mann, Chairman, Wm. Ames, 
Sec'y. The following persons were chosen members 
of the Whig Norfolk County Convention to be held 
at Mclntire's Oct. 6th. to wit, Samuel C. Mann, 
Wm. Whiting, Wm. Ames, Joseph Day and Mer- 
rill D. Ellis." 

^ Norfolk Democrat, August 12, 1842. 
[ 123 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



"October 6, 1841, a Whig Norfolk County Con- 
vention met atMcIntire's today, 65 members voted 
at one time and there were more present. We nom- 
inated the old list of Senators again and put down 
money enough on the table to pay the expenses of 
printing votes, etc." 

"April 13, 1842, attended a Whig Convention 
at Mclntire's today. About 100 persons were 
there, resolutions were voted in favor of a 
Tariff." 

"July 16, 1842, we had a Whig Caucus last night 
at Mclntire's, chose a large Committee of Vigil- 
ance." ^ 

The Abolition movement began to make its pre- 
sence felt in the County about this time. Wendell 
Phillips, 2 William Lloyd Garrison,^ and Frederick 
Douglass * occasionally spoke on the subject in 
Dedham. The following notices connect the Nor- 
folk Hotel with this anti-slavery agitation : 

Norfolk Democrat, September 17, 1841: Notice 
of a meeting of the friends of the Liberty Party at 
Mclntire's Hotel to make nominations for the No- 
vember election. An editorial in the same issue 
describes this Liberty Party as made up of "Politi- 
cal Abolitionists" and warns Democrats "to be 

^ For other Whig meetings see William Ames's Diary, October 16, 
November 3, 1841; September 10, October I and 5, November 10, 
1842. 

* William Ames's Diary, October 30, 1841. 

* William Ames's Diary, May 8, 1842; Mann's Diary, April 24, 
1845. 

* Mann's Diary, April 24, 1845. 

[ 124 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

on their guard against this party which is the work 
of Federalism." 

Same, January 7, 1842: Notice of a ^^ Dedham 
Anti-Slavery Fair at the Hall of the Norfolk Hotel." 
The net proceeds amounted to $60, "which ex- 
ceeded the expectations of the ladies who had la- 
bored to get up and sustain the Fair." 

Another Fair, this time in aid of the Burial- 
Ground, was held in "Mclntire's Hall": 

Norfolk Democrat^ June 3, 1842: "The Ladies of 
the Society for the Improvement of the Burial 
Ground will hold a Fair at Mclntire's Hall on June 
6th." An editorial, June 10, states that "the 
Fair was well attended — the Hall was beautifully 
decorated and the tables were covered with lots of 
useful and pretty things. The receipts amounted 
to $234. Hurrah for the Ladies!" The Ladies 
"tendered to Mr. Mclntire their thanks for the use 
of his Hall. His politeness and kind attention will 
be remembered with gratitude by all." 

Concerts, parties, and social assemblies con- 
tinued to be held in the Ballroom : 

William Ames's Diary ^ July 23, 1841 : "Tonight 
Mr. & Mrs. Hall of Boston now boarding at Macln- 
tire's Hotel gave quite a large party there. We had 
raspberries and cream, lemonade and ice creams." 

Mann's Diary ^ March 25, 1 841: "Concert at 
Mclntire's, — Old Billings music." ^ 

^ For other concerts see Norfolk Democrat, July 8, 1842; September 
2, 1842. 

[ 125 1 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Norfolk Democrat, December 31, 1841: ^^ Social 
Assemblies. A course of Assemblies will be given 
during the present winter, alternately at the 
Phoenix Hotel and Mclntire's Hotel. There will be 
six Assemblies in the course. . . . R. S. Wilson, 
Joseph Crane, Henry Waterman, George W. 
Tucker, Managers." An editorial on these Assem- 
blies states that "the music is of the tallest kind; 
those who have not heard it had better brush up 
their pumps and test its merits." 

Same, January 6, 1843: Notice of a social as- 
sembly at "Mclntire's Hotel," to which " a general 
invitation is extended to people in the neighboring 
towns." Dancing, band, collation, etc. Moses Boyd 
and Calvin Grover, managers. There were many 
assemblies in the hall during this winter, another 
being managed by George W. Tucker. 

William Ames's Diary, January 13, 1842: "A 
Ball tonight at Mclntire's. Almost a hundred 
couples. I saw Miss Cobb, Miss Hoffman and 
others. Though I did not dance I looked on and 
enjoyed the scene." 

Same, April 8, 1842: "There was a Ball last night 
at my Hotel. None of our Dedham folks were there, 
most of the dancers were from Boston. They kept it 
up till 4 in the morning. The young men hurrahed, 
jumped and stamped up and down stairs, some of 
them got drunk — a bad school to go to, my friends. 
The number was smaller than Mclntire expected. 
I don't believe he got enough to pay his expenses." 
[ 126] 



Martin Bates and Others 

Same, January 5, 1843: "We had a large party 
and dance at Mclntire's Hotel. I sate up till after 
2 A.M. Mr. & Mrs. Mclntlre gave out the invita- 
tions. There was music, a hot supper, mirth, talk 
and laugh, so all went off pleasantly." ^ 

The last reference to the Masons meeting in the 
Norfolk Hotel seems to be in the Norfolk Democrat^ 
July 23, 1841: 



sv. 



Ace directed to assemble at MoTntire's Ho- 
tel in Dedhain, on Monday the iweniy-third day 
.t>r A ugiiat, provided with the irnplementeofjhe 
Jtrafur JOHN iCING. G. M. at Dedham. 

A. L, 5845. 

Mann's Diary, July 8, 1843 : "Concert this even- 
ing by the 'Ethiopian Serenaders.' They played 
and sung in character and in harmony, and ac- 
quitted themselves very well. The Concert was in 
the Hall of the Norfolk Hotel, this and last even- 
ings, and would have been much better attended 
had it not been for a company who performed a 
few evenings since, pretending to be the original 
'Ethiopian Serenaders', but who could not sing 
at all, and would doubtless have been treated 

* For other balls see Ames's Diary, January 16 and 26, 1843, Febru- 
ary 6 and March 3, 1843. 

[ 127] 



A Dedham Tavern 



as they deserved had there been no ladies pres- 
ent." 

The Company Shoots continue, with their suppers 
at the Norfolk Hotel. 

Mann's Diary, November 23, 1841: Company- 
Shoot near the Old Powder House. William Fair- 
banks, talisman. L. Dana attended to the marks. 
Among the shooters were William Stearns, M. 
Bates, E. W. Sampson, A. Richards, T. Reed, 
Carey, Randall, W. H. and S. C. Mann, Joseph 
Whiting, William Ames, 2d, L. H. Kingsbury, and 
John King. After the shoot "the company ad- 
journed to Mclntire's Hotel where an elegant sup- 
per had been provided, and the poultry shot for 
deposited." 

Mann tells of another military organization 
which also practised target shooting: 

September 7, 1843: ^^ The Boston Veteran Asso- 
ciation, a company organized for military and social 
purposes, made an excursion to this village today. 
They appeared with full ranks under the command 
of Capt. Green, practised target shooting on West- 
ern Avenue and dined at the Norfolk Hotel. Being 
introduced to thecommanderasone of the ' editorial 
corps' of Dedham, was politely invited to a seat 
at the table, which invitation I did not see fit to de- 
cline. I gave as a toast — *The Enemies and Trait- 
ors to our country — when placed before our citi- 
zen soldiery, may it ever be their fortune, like the 
targets of today, to get well riddled.'' A detachment 
[ 128 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

from the Boston Brass Band accompanied the Vet- 
erans and discoursed eloquent music at the table. 
The whole formed quite a pleasing deviation from 
the usual monotony of our quiet village." 

It was probably in Mclntire's time that Rufus 
Choate and probably Richard H. Dana had rooms 
at the Norfolk Hotel: "Rufus Choate, when at- 
tending the said session of Court, put up at the 
Norfolk House, then a favorite resort for the old 
timers." ^ 

In 1843 Mclntire left the Norfolk Hotel and 
afterwards moved to the West with his family. 
His son, Samuel Mclntire, in 1902 contributed his 
" Echoes of the Past, or the Home of my Boyhood " 
to the Dedham Transcript^ which gives some inter- 
esting memories of Dedham fifty or sixty years 
before : 

" In my mind I can see the old Norfolk House, a 
relic of the past, then a hotel owned and kept by 
one Martin Bates, 'Uncle' Bates as he was usually 
called — a man with some most excellent traits of 
character, but averse to boys devoting too much 
time to play; and more than once when the lads ac- 
cidentally kicked the football over the fence and 
on to his premises, he would 'cabbage' the ball, 
nor give it up until my mother, his adopted daugh- 
ter, had lectured him on his ingratitude, his little- 
ness as she termed It, towards the boys. Uncle 
Bates had only one eye, having lost the other in his 

* "Echoes of the Past"; Dedham Transcript, November 22, 1902. 
[ 129 ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



youth by a chance piece of steel while working at 
the trade of blacksmith. Yet the penetrating power 
of two eyes seemed centred in that one good eye. 

" In the stable of Uncle Bates, near the hotel and 
run in connection therewith, we boys were wont 
to play circus and have negro minstrel shows; and 
while doing so, should Uncle Bates steal in upon 
the scene, the show would instantly be over, and 
the performers scatter like rats hunting their holes. 
I, just to see him get a 'going over,' reporting the 
intrusion of Uncle Bates to my mother, who with 
her dander up, would administer to him her accus- 
tomed dose in the lecture line, which to us boys was 
joy sublime and fully paid us for the temporary 
* break up ' of our show. Once on a time when Uncle 
Bates hired me to pick up nails that had been drawn 
from a lot of old boards, and for so doing he agreed 
to pay me the sum of 5 cents, but which I never 
got because, as he said, I only half did the job. He 
also forgot me in his will, nor did my mother fare 
any better.^ . . . 

" In the old Norfolk House there was a bar over 
which liquor was publicly sold and in the broad 
daylight, to any and all customers; but I remember 
for some reason all of a sudden this public traffic 
in liquor was stopped, and they who wished to im- 
bibe the article were forced to descend a flight of 
stairs into a dismal and dimly lighted room in the 
basement of the hotel. My parents at the time 

1 Dedham Transcript, August 23, 1902. 
[ 130 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

lived in the hotel, and I with them. I was cognizant 
of the fact of a change of the location of the bar, 
and thought it strange. It was to evade the law. 

"Oh, if the walls of that old Norfolk House could 
speak and would, they might tell a tale that would 
surprise the folks now living in Dedham. At the 
time when is laid the date of my story, ascending 
the main stairs of the Norfolk House to the second 
floor, in the first room to the right of the hallway 
under the then ball room, was congregated many 
a night Uncle Bates and his chums. ... In this 
room, many a night and when the meeting was in 
full blast, could also be heard the click of the glasses 
and the sharp knock of the knuckles upon the table, 
as if to give emphasis to the card that was being 
played. In this room it was rumored that gambling 
went on, but how large the stakes only its inmates 
knew. Thus we see among those outwardly ap- 
parently staid men in those days the game at cards 
was in vogue the same as now, but not so openly. 

" For some time before we left for the West my 
father as landlord, kept the old Norfolk House."^ 

Ezra Jones succeeded Mclntlre as landlord April 
6, 1843. William Ames first mentions him in his 
Diary oi that date: "Our new landlord, Mr. Jones, 
has begun to keep the Hotel to-day." 

Theliquor laws had now come to be pretty strictly 
enforced and some of the later landlords of the Nor- 

* Dedham Transcript, August 30, 1902. 
[ 131 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



folk Hotel under Bates, beginning with Jones, 
were haled into Court where they found it unpro- 
fitable to conduct their business in violation of the 
law. The house gradually waned in popularity, 
finally falling into positive disfavor, if not disre- 
pute, all to the advantage of its rival, the Phoenix; 
so that this period, 1 843-1 866, may be said to mark 
the decline of the Norfolk Hotel as a tavern, as the 
period 1 828-1 840, under the management of Fran- 
cis Alden, marked the zenith of its fame. 

The two preceding landlords, Haseltine and Mc- 
Intire, kept up the good reputation of the Norfolk 
Hotel, but under Jones the Tavern began to run 
downhill, he himself later coming to grief for vi- 
olating the liquor laws. The Phoenix now became 
known as the Temperance hotel of Dedham, and 
the best class of patrons went there. William Ames, 
a very temperate man himself, cast longing eyes 
towards the Phoenix, and three years later took up 
his abode there. He thus refers to the Phoenix: 

"April 25, 1843, Almost all the lawyers stopt 
at the Phoenix Hotel because it is a Temperance 
House." 

"May 16, 1843, the Temperance men and women 
marched with their music and banners to the 
Phoenix Temperance Hotel to dine. None of them 
stopt at Jones' and I am glad they did not." 

This occasion alluded to by William Ames was 
a grand Temperance celebration in honor of the 
opening of the Phoenix House as a Temperance 
I 132 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

hotel. Exercises were held in the Rev. Dr. Lam- 
son's Meeting-House. Mann, in his Diary of the 
same date, describes the occasion at some length 
and connects the Norfolk Hotel with the day, par- 
ticularly with reference to a "flag incident" which 
served to introduce to Dedham no less a person 
than Nathaniel P. Banks, afterwards distinguished 
as a statesman and soldier. Banks roundly abused 
Jones and his Norfolk Hotel, but it will be observed 
that Mann disagreed with his sentiments. The 
Diary reads: 

"There are three hotels in this village to each of 
which is attached a flag-staff, and on all festive 
days like this celebration, it is customary to hoist 
the American Stars and Stripes in honor of the oc- 
casion. It was so done today at the Norfolk Hotel 
and the Columbian House and no doubt would 
have been at the Phoenix were it not for the dif- 
ficulty of lowering the topmast in order to reeve the 
halliards for hoisting a flag, which had not been 
done since the new occupant, (Mr. Clark), had 
taken possession. But whether by accident or de- 
sign it matters but little, no flag was there. This ac- 
cidental circumstance was seized upon in the morn- 
ing by a bright looking youth (Marsh of Roxbury) 
who got possession of the pulpit and volunteered to 
denounce smartly the two landlords of the village 
who had thus dared to raise their flags — accusing 
them of ' stealing the livery of heaven to serve the 
devil in' and very kindly cautioned the congrega- 
[ 133 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



tion against being lured to their destruction by this 
device . . . The subject thus broached was again 
deliberately taken up in the afternoon by one of the 
regularly announced speakers of the day, and the 
two citizens alluded to abused and pummelled in a 
more systematic manner, by authority. The pomp- 
ous individual, the Waltham Spouter, who made 
the cowardly attack this afternoon from the pul- 
pit upon the landlords who had raised flags in honor 
of the day was announced in the bills as 'N. P. 
Banks, Esq. of Waltham.' This harlequin' per- 
former deliberately reiterated the accusation of 
''stealing' the flags, and displaying them to ''lure the 
temperance j oiks to their dens^ their ''hells,'' 'rum 
holes, 'sinks of infamy^ and the like. No temper- 
ate man, he said, could get into their houses — the 
stench of alcohol would drive them from the door; 
and if any had been 'lured' by the flags to put up 
their horses at the stables they were reprimanded 
and exhorted from the pulpit to patronize the 
Phoenix Hotel and no other. An old gentleman 
(P. W. Miller Esq. of Franklin) interrupted the 
orator during his harangue by hallooing from the 
anxious seats that 'he had seen the flags when he 
first got into the town but he had not been lured 
by them!' — thus verifying the old adage that 'it 
is hard catching old birds with chaff.' My own im- 
pressions — I must candidly confess that while I 
listened to such a tirade against my neighbors and 
friends, esteemed for aught I know as good and as 
[ 134 1 



Martin Bates and Others 

worthy citizens as the speaker himself, I was led 
seriously to doubt whether such furious denuncia- 
tion, even if the accusations were true, could ad- 
vance the cause which the celebration today was os- 
tensibly designed to promote." 

Father Mathezv, the great Irish Temperance Re- 
former, spoke in Harrison Grove, August 17, 1849, 
and was in Dedham.^ Another Temperance ad- 
vocate, who lectured in Dedham several times, 
was John B. Gough} 

"Jones's Hotel" was certainly not a Temperance 
house during some of the balls given there. Three 
of them described in Ames's Diary will serve as evi- 
dence: 

" February 3, 1844, a Ball at our Hotel last night, 
102 couples were present, they came from Boston, 
Walpole, Quincy and this town. The attitudes of 
some of them were like the pictures of a dance in 
one of Dickens's novels. Many of the young men I 
was sorry to see drank often at the bar and were 
quite noisy. They danced till 3 in the morning." 

"March 5, 1844, a Ball at our Hotel last night, 
near 70 couples, many of the young men drank too 
much, some hollered and stamped." 

"March 29, 1844, a Ball at Jones' Hotel. Many 
of the young men drank at the bar. They were 
from Boston. Very few of our Dedham folks 

* William Ames's Diary. 

* William Ames's Diary, December 30, 1845; Mann's Diary, April 
24, 1845. 

I 135] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



were there. Not far from 45 couples from all the 
towns." 

Ames mentions other balls at*' Jones's Hotel," 
but does not comment on them.^ 

The following balls are mentioned in the Norfolk 
Democrat : 

January 5, 1844: "Social Ball. At the Norfolk 
(Jones') Hotel, on Tuesday evening next, a first rate 
band from Boston is engaged. Violin, Clarionet, 
Post Horn, Ophecleide, Harp. Tickets $2. includ- 
ing supper. J. Ellis, Mgr." 

January 26, 1844: Notice of another Social Ball 
at "the Norfolk Hotel (Jones')." Oliver Capen, 
William H. Mann, Albert Morse, Daniel Parker, 
J. E. Carter, Marshall Newell, Managers. 

March 1 , 1 844 : Notice of a " Grand Ball at Jones' 
Norfolk Hotel" on March 4. "Anything in the 
dancing way coupled with the name of Jones is 
always 'fust rate.' " 

The following are references to "Jones's Hotel" 
on various topics: 

William Ames's Diary^ May 21, 1843: "Whig 
Caucus at Jones's." ^ 

Same, September 7, 1843 : "A company of Militia 
came out here today in the cars to fire at a target 

* William Ames's Diary, April 3, 1845, January 1, 1846, March ir, 
1846. 

^ For other Whig meetings see William Ames's Diary, September 2, 
1843, March ii and 13, 1844, April 21, August 24, 1844; October 21, 
1845. Norfolk County American, January 23, 1846; Feb. 13, 1846; 
March 20, 1847; November 22, 1847. 

[ 136] 



Martin Bates and Others 

which they did with no great success. The men 
were stout, wore the old fashioned three cornered 
hats, had good music, all dined at Jones' hotel." 

Same, September 9, 1843: "Whig County Con- 
vention at Jones' Hotel. Benjamin F. Copeland, 
Luther Metcalf and Joseph Richards candidates 
for State Senate." 

Mann's Diary ^ November 24, 1843 : ^ "Company 
shoot. . . . The Company took supper at the Nor- 
folk Hotel, our landlord, (Jones), being lucky enough 
to throw the cost on to Bates' side, by his last shot 
being most central." Among the shooters were S. C. 
Mann,M. Bates, A. Richards, O. Capen, J. Chapin, 
C. C. Cobb,E. W. Sampson,T. T. Kimball, William 
H. and F. Mann, G. Alden, E. Jones, William 
Stearns, Dr. Heustis, Abner Alden, and E. Foord. 

Same, September 12, 1844: '"'' The Boston Vet- 
erans 3ivnved in our village this afternoon. . . . 
They were accompanied by a detachment of the 
Brass Band and appeared with full ranks. After 
target practice on Village Avenue the batallion pro- 
ceeded to Jones' Norfolk Hotel where a dinner had 
been ordered. . . . The veterans wore the cocked 
hats in vogue during the Revolution, which with 
the size of the portly looking members, made quite 
a formidable appearance." 

Norfolk Democrat, October 11, 1844: Reference 
to the "big elm near the Norfolk Hotel." 

Same, November 8, 1844: The Winch Family 

^ See also Mann's Diary, November 19, 1844. 
• [ 137 1 



A Dedham "Tavern 



announce that they will give a "Concert of Vocal 
Music at Jones' Hall" on November 15. 

William Ames's Diary, March 2, 1845: "My 
landlord's adopted daughter, a pretty girl about 
two years old, died suddenly of a fit after being sick 
only 12 or 15 hours. She was found by Mr. Jones 
wrapped up in a blanket on the steps of his Hotel 
when she was only a few days old. He kept her as 
his own. Her parents were never known." 

Same, March 20, 1845: "An auction sale today 
at Jones' Hotel of Simpson & Mears horses, wagons, 
chaises, sleighs, harnesses, etc." 

Same, April 9, 1B45: "A black man lately es- 
caped from slavery in Georgia lectured last night 
in the Town House and slept in our Hotel. He 
said he was very ill treated by his master." 

Jones gave up the Norfolk Hotel in April, 1845, 
finding it unprofitable to run his tavern contrary 
to law. In December, 1844, he was fined ^20 and 
costs on a complaint for violating the license laws.^ 
The Court Record describes this trial: 

"Ezra Jones, keeper of the Norfolk Hotel, was 
brought before Mr. Justice Cobb on complaint of 
Obed Baker for violation of the License law. 

"Alfred Prescott, on his oath testified that on 
the 20th of October last he purchased at Mr. 
Jones' bar four glasses of spirituous liquor, which 
he drank and paid for. 

"The defendant's counsel, J. Richardson Esq. 

^ Norfolk Democrat, December 6, 1844. 
[ 138 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

thought the witness might have been intoxicated 
that day. Witness replied that he had been a sea- 
faring man, and it took more than four glasses to 
get him drunk. 

"Mr. J ones ^ — Witness, did you not come to my 
house drunk, and get mad because I refused you 
liquor. 

" Witness^ — I never came to your house drunk. 
I might have come there three sheets in the wind. 

''''Mr. J ones ^ — Yes, a good many sheets. 

''''Justice^ — This Is rather irrelevant. 

"Defendant found guilty and fined twenty dol- 
lars and costs, and bound over for appearance at 
the next term Common Pleas." 

This was not Jones's first offence.^ The Hotel 
had become notorious as a liquor-selling establish- 
ment. Ames himself said "a good deal of spirit is 
drank at ourHotel, there is none sold at the shops. "^ 
He did not approve of this promiscuous dispensing 
of liquor by Jones and Martin Bates, and disliked 
them accordingly as his Diary shows. 

A Mr. Chamberlin and his wife next apparently 
take charge of the Norfolk Hotel. Jones probably 
left in April, 1845, for the Norfolk Democrat, April 
25, 1845, says:"Weunderstand that Mr. Jones has 
left the Norfolk Hotel, and whether it is to be closed 
also, we have not inquired — it had far better be 
than opened again as a rum shop." 

^ William Ames's Diary, December 7, 1844. 
* William Ames's Diary, January 18, 1844. 

I 139 1 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



The Chamberlins must soon have succeeded 
him, for Ames writes in his Diary, May 7, 1845: 
"Court is in session, my Hotel is full. Mr. & Mrs. 
Chamberlin have charge of it. Jones & Co have 
gone and I am glad of it." 

The Chamberlins did not remain long. Ames, 
August 30, 1845, writes of "my landlady," very 
likely meaning Mrs. Chamberlin. 

There being no new landlord available, Martin 
Bates became landlord himself, running the hotel 
for about a year. He bitterly opposed the license 
laws which diminished his profits. The following 
letter to the Norfolk Democrat ^ discusses his posi- 
tion on the temperance question: 

" Mr. Editor, — In a recent number of your paper 
you stated that the proprietor of the Norfolk Hotel 
' had been a consistent opposer of the Temperance 
movement forever and a day beyond.' Is this as- 
sertion strictly true.? Did not Mr. Bates, in order 
to purify the Upper Village from the baneful in- 
fluence of alcohol, purchase a few years since, all 
the liquors in the store of N. Clapp, and caused 
them to be removed to this village. It is reported 
that he even threatened to break down the business 
of the store unless the sale of spirits was discon- 
tinued. Evil minded men say his reason for making 
the above purchase was purely selfish, viz: to pre- 
vent his hired man from indulging in its use to his 

1 September 5, 1845. 
[ 140 ] 



Martin Bates and Others 

detriment, and one of his neighbors from making 
too free use of his dexter digits. The old adage, 
'give the devil his due,' is founded in justice, and 
if ever a man does one good action, don't endeavor 
by impeaching his motives to deprive him of the 
credit thereof." 

In the following year (1846) Bates's disregard of 
the liquor laws got him into trouble, for we find this 
entry in Mann's Diary. ^ "Mr. Bates of the Nor- 
folk Hotel was found guilty of violations of the Li- 
cense law, on one indictment containing six counts, 
two of which were nol-prossed, convicted on four 
counts." 

At times the Tavern is referred to as "Bates's 
Hotel." 2 

William Ames makes the following discouraging 
allusions to his hotel, prophetic of his early change 
of abode to the Phoenix: 

"November 27, 1845, my Hotel looks more de- 
solate and forlorn than usual. Three of the board- 
ers have left it — no wonder." 

"January 12, 1846, my Hotel is solitary, dull 
and cold." 

On September 19, 1846, he moved to the Phoenix 
which remained his home for many years. On that 

* September 26, 1846. 

* Records of Dedham Thief Detecting Society, January 6, 1846. 
William Ames's Diary, March l6, 1846; May 14, 1846. Records of the 
Society in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves, November 24, 
1846. 

[ 141 ] 



A Dedham Tavern 



date he writes: "I am at the Phoenix Hotel, in 
Chamber 17." 

A few days later ^ he gives this parting shot in 
his Diary at his late landlord, leaving the name 

blank: "My late landlord, , having been 

prosecuted for selling ardent spirit contrary to law, 
sent his hostler to buy some alcohol of G. Alden, 
ordering him to say it was wanted to wash the sore 
leg of his horse. As Alden had a right to sell it for 
medical purposes he did so and was immediately 
complained of by , but the District Attor- 
ney on finding the truth of the case very properly 
refused to prosecute. Thus malice, sly and calcu- 
lating as it was, failed in its attempt." 

One Fish, seems to be the next landlord, for the 
Norfolk County American has this editorial: ^ "The 
Norfolk House, under the management of friend 
Fish^ is meeting that favor and encouragement 
which its enterprising and courteous landlord would 
necessarily insure." 

Fish soon gave up his lease and by November, 

1846, the Tavern is again referred to as "Bates's 
Hotel." 3 

For the year 1847 there seems to be but one 
event chronicled in connection with the Norfolk 
Hotel, and that in Mann's Diary^ November 22, 

1847. On that day there was an election in Dedham 

* September 25, 1846. * August 22, 1846. 

* Norfolk County American, November 28, 1846. 

[ 142] 



Martin Bates and Others 

for Representative to the General Court, there 
having been no choice at the preceding two trials. 
The Whigs had previously met at the Norfolk 
Hotel, and although they nominated Edward L. 
Keyes as their candidate, a considerable portion of 
the party refused to support him. On November 
20, another meeting was held at the Norfolk Hotel 
by those Whigs friendly to Mr. Keyes and resolu- 
tions in his favor were unanimously adopted, but, 
says Mann, "while the meeting was in session a 
Committee of five gentlemen entered, who stated 
they were deputated by another meeting then in 
session in the same house to see if all would unite 
upon some person." The plan failed and Mr. Keyes 
then declined to stand as a candidate. The Whigs 
having no regular candidate, Ezra Wilkinson, the 
Democratic candidate, was chosen November 22. 

A new landlord appears in the person of one 
Carter^ who seems to have been a pretty good sort 
of a man. The following are references to the Tav- 
ern under his management: 

Norfolk Democrat, February 11, 1848: Notice of 
a ball to be given at the "Norfolk Hotel." ''Mr. 
Carter — who is second to no landlord — provides 
supper for the party." 

Same, June 23, 1848: Notice of a series of lec- 
tures to be delivered by the Rev. Henry Giles "at 
the Hall of the Norfolk Hotel." First lecture on 
"Womanhood," second on "Robert Burns." 
I 143 ] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Same, September 29, 1848: Notice of a meeting 
of the Free soil Committee at the "Norfolk Hotel"; 
F. W. Bird, Chairman. 

William Ames in his Diary ^ speaks well of Carter 
and his charity towards a poor, sick boarder, a Miss 
Whitney, who died in the Tavern of consumption. 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN 

Lincoln visited Dedham September 20, 1848, 
for the purpose of aiding the Whig candidates for 
the Presidency, Taylor and Fillmore. This' was a 
marked day in the history of Dedham. First came 
the Eighth District Convention when Horace 
Mann was renominated for Congress. Then fol- 
lowed the Norfolk County Whig Convention, hold- 
ing its meeting at the Norfolk Hotel. The Boston 
Atlas, September 22, 1848, says of this convention: 

^^ Norfolk County Whig Convention 

"Pursuant to a call from the County Committee, 
the Whig delegates from the several towns in the 
County assembled at the Norfolk Hotel, Dedham 
(and afterwards at Temperance Hall), for the pur- 
pose of nominating candidates for the Senate and 
also for choosing a County Committee for the en- 
suing year." 

At this convention Hon. James Richardson was 
elected its President. 

In the afternoon Lincoln arrived in Dedham and 
* August 4, 1848. 
[ 144 1 



Martin Bates and Others 

spoke in Temperance Hall, Court Street, a few steps 
from the Norfolk Hotel, where it is not improbable 
he was entertained for a brief time, not only as 
the day was very warm, but the Norfolk Hotel 
seemed to have been the headquarters of the 
Whigs that day. At this time Lincoln, although a 
member of Congress, was not very well known. 
His debate with Douglas, which first brought him 
fame, had not yet taken place. 

It may be interesting to note what the news- 
papers had to say of Lincoln's reception in Dedham 
this day. The Norfolk Democrat, an opposition 
paper, it will be noted, says in an editorial: ^ 

"Wednesday was a marked day in the calendar 
of Taylorism in old Norfolk — and if the old Al- 
manac maker had been alive and present, he would 
undoubtedly have set it down as a dark day. The 
day was marked by four phases, or rather by four 
squares of patchwork — which this quilting party 
had got together to make themselves a comforter 
— and the general impression was, 'let them quilt.' 

"The first piece of the performance was the 
District Convention . . . 

"The second act in the drama of the day was the 
County Convention . . . 

"The third act in the play was the second meet- 
ing of the Dedham Whig Club at Temperance Hall 
to listen to an address from the Hon. A. Lincoln, 
M.C. from Illinois. At four o'clock from 12 to 20 

^ September 22, 1848. 

[145] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



of our citizens went to the depot to meet delega- 
tions from Roxbury and Dorchester Taylor Clubs 
and the Hon. Western member of Congress. A pro- 
cession was formed of about lOO, and marched 
through the streets accompanied by the Dorchester 
Band of musicians. When opposite the Phoenix 
House 19 individuals mustered courage enough to 
tell the procession that they could hurrah three 
times. We believe the procession was not inter- 
rupted by cheers again till they arrived at the Hall. 

"Mr. Lincoln was received with a good deal of 
enthusiasm by about a fifth of the audience, who 
appeared to do all the applause. The speaker was 
limited as to time and therefore did not recite his 
whole speech. What he said was in praise of Gen. 
Taylor and against Mr. Van Buren, saying but very 
little against Cass except he was worth a million 
and a half dollars. He said Mr. Van Buren could 
not carry a majority of votes in any County in the 
United States, and yet he directed his battery to 
him exclusively. We did not hear him through, but 
presume he gave great satisfaction to the Taylorites 
present. He was escorted to the Depot by the Ded- 
ham Whig Club and a band of music, and after he 
had left, 51 men and boys marched back again to 
the Hall. 

"In the evening, as was announced in the bill 
of the play, came off the fourth piece of patchwork, 
and this was called the Ratification Meeting." 

The officers of the Dedham Whig Club referred 
[ 146 1 



Martin Bates and Others 

to were: President, Hon. James Richardson; Vice- 
Presidents, Ezra W. Taft, Alvan Fisher, John 
Gardner; Secretaries, Enos Foord, George H. Mon- 
roe; Treasurer, Abiathar Richards; Directors, 
Samuel C. Mann, Stephen Bates, Merrill D. Ellis, 
John King, George Winslow, William Smith, Oliver 
Capen, Carmi Richmond, Charles Ellis, Eben S. 
Fisher.^ 

The Roxbury Gazette, another opposition paper, 
says : ^ 

"The friends and supporters of the Slaveholders' 
Candidate for the Presidency and others held their 
County and District Convention on Wednesday 
at Dedham. . . . The Hon. Abraham Lincoln of 
Illinois came out in the cars at half past three p.m. 
with fifty-one persons, who, we presume from the 
posters, were drummed up for a demonstration. 
The procession, escorted by the Dedham Taylor 
Club composed of from twelve to fifteen persons, 
was indeed a melancholy display. But it will ap- 
pear brilliantly enough in the Atlas. It could not, 
however, do injury to the cause. That is past hurt. 
We have no doubt that both Conventions were 
satisfactory to the parties interested. We only re- 
gret that they cannot be repeated in every town in 
this County and District previous to the election." 

A Dedham correspondent to the Boston Atlas, 
says: ^ 

* Boston Atlas, September 21, 1848. » September 23, 1848. 

' Boston Atlas, September 21, 1848. 

[ 147] 



A Dedham Tavern 



"While I write, a delegation from Roxbury is 
just marching to the Hall, preceded by a full band 
of music and appropriate banners. The Hon. 
Mr. Lincoln, of Illinois, is expected to address the 
meeting. There is a good deal of enthusiasm, and 
a good spirit prevails here." 

The Dedham Transcript^ quoting an eye-witness, 
says of Lincoln's visit: ^ 

"Mr. Lincoln in Dedham 

"Hon. George H. Monroe, a well known Boston 
newspaper man, and we believe a native of Dedham, 
thus writes of Mr. Lincoln's visit to this town 53 
years ago. 

"Mr. Monroe, who had never heard of Lincoln 
previous to that day, escorted him from the Tre- 
mont House, Boston, to Dedham. As Lincoln en- 
tered the old Providence depot, on Pleasant St., 
he must have stepped on the very spot now occu- 
pied by the fine statue of himself in the act of free- 
ing the slave, which stands in Park Square. Mr. 
Monroe's first impression of Lincoln was not par- 
ticularly favorable. He was awkward and appa- 
rently ill at ease, scarcely uttering a word during 
his half hour trip to Dedham, where they arrived 
about 4 p. M. At one of the finest private houses in 
the town,^ to which the visitor was escorted by a 

^ February i6, 1901. 

* The old Haven House, corner of High and Ames streets, owned in 
1912 by Mrs. John R. BuUard; also known as the "Freeman Fisher 
House." 



[ 148 



Martin Bates and Others 

brass band, he appeared even more ill at ease than 
before, and the natural inference seemed to be that 
he found the atmosphere 'this side of the moun- 
tains' entirely uncongenial. When the party ar- 
rived at the little hall (Temperance Hall), late in 
the afternoon, it was found to be but half full, and 
with an apparently stupid and morose speaker it 
was thought the jig was up. 'But,' says Mr. Mon- 
roe, 'the moment Mr. Lincoln began to speak there 
was a change. He was no longer indifferent, but 
started off with fine effect.' Pretty soon he turned 
up the sleeves of his black alpaca sack coat, then 
he turned up the cuffs of his shirt, and by and by 
he loosened his necktie, and wound up by taking 
it off altogether, the enthusiasm of his rural lis- 
teners rising steadily as the transformation pro- 
gressed. The speaker bubbled over with humor, 
told funny stories of western life to illustrate points 
in his argument, and talked to his auditors in the 
most familiar and off-hand way imaginable. Sud- 
denly after he had been talking half an hour, a 
locomotive bell on a train about to start for Bos- 
ton was heard. Lincoln stopped and said he had 
to speak in Cambridge in the evening, and must 
run for the train. Cries of 'No! No!' 'Don't Stop!' 
came from all over the hall, and one man promised 
to hitch up his nag and take the speaker to Cam- 
bridge later, but Lincoln said 'I have kept my 
word with you and I must do the same by the 
Cambridge people; I can't afford to take any 
[ 149 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



chances,' and he went, attended by every evidence 
of genuine regret on the part of the Dedhamites." 

From this period (1848) until 1866, when St. 
Mary's School took possession, the Norfolk Hotel 
suffered much in reputation and fell into public 
disfavor, though balls, assemblies, and dances were 
often given there, the Ballroom with Its spring 
floor being an ideal place for these gatherings. Part 
of the time the house remained closed for want of 
a landlord and part of the time Martin Bates acted 
as such himself when he could not rent It. 

The Phoenix House now became unquestionably 
the popular public house in Dedham and remained 
so until its destruction by fire in 1880. The Society 
in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves, which 
had held its annual meetings uninterruptedly In 
the Norfolk Hotel since its organization in 1810, 
transferred Its headquarters to the Phoenix House 
in 1850.^ On the opposite page is a photograph of 
an 1843 poster of this Society, given the author by 
Francis Marsh, Esq., of Dedham, grandson of 
Martin Marsh. Many of thenames recorded within 
these pages are found on this poster. 

Not long after Lincoln's visit to Dedham the 
Norfolk Hotel seems to have been closed to the 
public for a year or more. May 9, 1849, William 
Ames says: "Today they are selling the furniture 
of the Norfolk Hotel by auction — it goes at low 

* Norfolk Democrat, November 29, 1850. 
[ 150] 



SOCIETY IN DEDHAM FOR APREHENDIN6 

Horse Thieves.1 




OFFICERS FOR 1843. 

FRAI\CIS ALDEi^, President. 
JOH.lf BALCH, Jr., Vice President. 
]?IARTIx\ MARSH, Treusut'ei'. 
JOHx> BILLARD, Clerk. 

Standms: Cmmnittee* 



im ABNER ELLIS. 
W, MARTIN BATES, 
rX-t JOHN BOLLARD, 
afe ABIATHAR RICHARDS, 
mj. WM. FAIRBANKS, 2d. 



GEORGE ELLIS, 2d, 
JOSKPH FISHER, 
JOHN MORSE, 
LEWIS RHOADES, 
LEMUEL DANA, 



Riders. 



Theodore T. Kimball, 
Reuben Farrington jr. 
ColburD Ellis, 
Joseph Sumner, 
William Smith, 
Nathaniel A. Hewins, 



$ Reuben Guild, 2d. 

^ Jabez Sumeer, 

^ Obed Baker, 

4 Jesse Weatlierbee, 

Edmund Mclntire, 

^ Joel Richards, 



OLIVER CAPEN, 
EZRA W. SAMPSON, 
MARTIN MARSH. 



^ Aaron Clark, 

i John Balch, Jr. 

^ Eliphalet Stone, 

I Elijah Bullard, 

^ Isaa 
* 



Ellis. 



mAmrn^ ®w mmmmmmB, 



Benjamii, BoyJ,™ 
SoloniDn Kr.^'c. 



Ed.nnorl MclDh, 



Ja-nu Fm 



, Guild 
hm Ga.l 






i'i^^^^[^i^if^i^|^^^^^'^^l 



OCIETY IN DEDHAM FOR APPREHENDING HORSE THIEVES, 1843 



Martin Bates and Others 

prices." The Norfolk Democrat, June I, 1849, says: 
"There is but one temperance hotel in Dedham 
village since the Norfolk has been closed." And 
again in Mann's Diary, September 26, 1849, he 
speaks of a ball at the Phoenix Hotel, "this being 
the only public hotel in the place at this time." 

Again in the Norfolk Democrat, February 22, 
1850: "It is rumored that the Norfolk Hotel is 
about to be reopened. Some people in this part of 
the village have expressed a regret, for the sole rea- 
son that they shall not always know where to find 
the butcher wagon." It was in fact soon reopened, 
for in the same paper, June 21, 1850, L. Stimson 
gives notice of a "Day School for the instruction 
of Young Ladies, Masters and Misses in Dancing 
at the Hall of the Norfolk House, Dedham. . . . 
Pupils will be taught Waltzing in all its variety, 
the National Bohemian Polka, the Mazourka, the 
National Schottische Dance, the Redoway, Bril- 
liants and Waltz Quadrilles. Particular attention 
will be paid to improve the manners and deport- 
ment of his pupils, which is a very important partof 
this branch." 

At about this time or a little later, Miss Harriet 
Jones also had a school for dancing here which she 
continued for a few seasons. 

For the next fifteen years the newspapers have 
little to say of the Norfolk Hotel. The following 
are a few references: 

William Ames's Diary, April 20, 1850: "The 

[151] 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Norfolk Hotel is to be reopened in a few days by a 
man of experience." 

Norfolk Democrat, August 23, 1850: Notice of 
a meeting of the Norfolk Agricultural Society at the 
"Norfolk Hotel"; Edward L. Keyes, Secretary. 

Same, January 17, 1851: Notice of a meeting at 
the Norfolk Hotel of the "Contributors to the 
Social Supper to be given to the several organized 
Engine and Hook and Ladder Companies and Fire- 
wards in the First Parish"; Samuel C. Mann, Eben 
S. Fisher, Martin Bates, Committee. 

Same, March 14, 1851: Landlord of the "Nor- 
folk Hotel" convicted on four complaints and fined 
for selling liquor illegally. The witnesses testified 
that they went "down cellar" for their liquor. 

Mann's Diary, September 12, 1851: ^^ Firemen' s 
Muster. A portion of the Fire companies of Ded- 
ham had a splendid voluntary parade in this vil- 
lage today, under direction of the Firewards. The 
line of march was formed at 9^ a.m. commencing 
at Pitt's Head on High St. extending towards 
the Phoenix House. Present Co's. i, 3, 4, 7, 8, 
9, 10, with their engines. . . . On arriving 
at the Key Bridge, at Powder House, the line 
for playing and trial of engines was formed in the 
meadows adjacent to the Rock, the exercises began 
and occupied some 2 or 3 hours. . . . Leaving their 
engines on the ground about 2 p.m. the whole 
marched in procession to dinner — most of the 
companies making their headquarters at the 
[ 152] 



Martin Bates and Others 

Phoenix, — others at the Norfolk, etc. There were 
present, on this occasion at the different tables 
nearly 400 mostly connected with the Fire Dept. 
. . . The Powder House Rock was decorated today 
with the fairest of our fair villagers, to witness the 
exploits of the firemen in line on the plat before 
them, on the margin of the river Charles. They 
must be remembered in a toast, — The Ladies^ — 
encouraged by their smiles, the fireman fears no 
foe; and can only be subdued when combatting 
fires of their own kindling." 

This is the last reference to our Tavern by Her- 
man Mann, for he died two months later. 

Norfolk Democrat, December 5, 1851: Attempt 
at incendiarism in the "stable belonging to the 
Norfolk House." 

November 18, 1853: Company Shoot. Dinner 
at "Norfolk Hotel." 1 

From this time the Tavern is almost always re- 
ferred to as the Norfolk House and not Hotel. 

Norfolk Democrat, December 9, 1854: "Dress 
making taught by Miss Gray at her rooms in the 
Norfolk House, Dedham." 

Same, May 22, 1858: "Mrs. Addison, M.D. 
Medical Reformer and Independent Clairvoyant. 
This celebrated lady, who has gained a wide reputa- 
tion in the practice of medicine, has taken rooms 
at the Norfolk House, Dedham. She cures patients 
thought to be impossible." 

* From Company Shoots, by Alvan J. Fisher and Allen Howe. 

[153I 



A Dedham Tavern 



Now comes a period when Martin Bates en- 
deavored to rid himself of the Tavern, which had 
become an incubus on his hands. April 15, 1858, 
he sold the property to Samuel R. Bickner, of 
Dedham/ the consideration stated being $6500, 
taking back a mortgage for $4500. BIckner did 
not prove successful as landlord, however, and 
Bates had trouble In collecting his interest. The 
town taxes became overdue, and finally Bates 
was obliged to take a tax deed, November 18, 
1862.2 

June 12, 1858, James Richardson, a prominent 
citizen of Dedham and a frequent visitor at the 
Norfolk Hotel, died. He graduated from Harvard 
in 1797 and became a distinguished lawyer. For a 
time he was law partner of Fisher Ames when both 
were stanch Federalists. He was a member of the 
Senate, a Trial Justice, President of the Norfolk 
Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and President 
of the Norfolk Bar. 

The landlords under BIckner during his short 
ownership of the Norfolk Hotel were one Grossman 
and Benjamin Allstrum, of Providence. BIckner 
would fill In the gaps when there was no other land- 
lord. 

There is an amusing story concerning Grossman 
and Bates, both of whom were keen business men. 
They became joint owners of a moose which they 

^ Norfolk Registry of Deeds, Book 265, p. 34. 
* Norfolk Registry of Deeds, Book 3 10, p. 229. 

[ 154 1 



Martin Bates and Others 

kept in the yard of the Norfolk Hotel. Grossman 
fed the animal and understood its habits — Bates 
did not. After a while the former wanted to pur- 
chase Bates's half-interest, but the latter refused 
to sell except for a large sum. Finally Grossman 
hit upon a plan. He changed the diet of the moose 
from browse of the woods which it liked to hay 
which it did not like. The animal in consequence 
grew thin so rapidly that Bates soon noticed the 
change and began to ask questions. Grossman 
casually remarked that the moose was homesick 
and might die; whereupon Bates, anxious to get 
some return on his investment, gladly sold his in- 
terest to his partner for a trifling amount. Gross- 
man then fed browse instead of hay to the moose, 
which quickly regained its weight and was later 
sold to a circus for a good round sum, much to 
Bates's chagrin. 

As an example of the disturbances which occa- 
sionally at this period caused the reputation of the 
Norfolk Hotel to suffer in comparison with its more 
orderly rival, the Phoenix, I quote from William 
Ames's Diary , September 1 1, i860: "Last night the 
Irish of Dedham and Roxbury had a ball at Tem- 
perance Hall; about 2 o'clock in the morning they 
went into the barroom of the Norfolk Hotel and 
being heated with whiskey got into a fight in which 
numbers of them were badly bruised, and four of 
them stabbed, one dangerously. A magistrate is 
now examining those accused of getting up the 

[1551 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



riot." The next day Ames writes: "Three or four 
of the men engaged in the fight are in jail." 

Of this same affair the Dedham Gazette of Sep- 
tember 15, i860, says: "This is we trust the cul- 
mination of a series of disturbances of the peace 
which have given great offence to the order loving 
citizens of the town, and which have too often 
during the present season rendered night hideous. 
In times past this village has been noted for the 
quiet and good order which has prevailed within 
its limits; but since the opening of the Norfolk 
House as a hotel, and particularly since the com- 
mencement of the work upon the Court House, 
the character of the village has decidedly suffered." 

Another fracas is mentioned by William Ames in 
his Diary ^ August 28, 1 861 : " Last Monday a woman 
who was standing at the kitchen door of the Nor- 
folk Hotel received a violent blow in the pit of her 
stomach and was in spasms for a long time. It 
seems that she had a dispute with two women a few 
days ago, one of whom is strongly suspected of hav- 
ing thrown a large stone at her." 

Note the following references to the Hotel : 

Dedham Gazette, January 15, 1859: "A key to 
the south door of Dr. Lamson's meeting house will 
be kept hereafter at the Norfolk House. In case 
of fire Mr. Bickner will hand it to any responsible 
person who may volunteer to officiate as bell- 
ringer." 

Same, August 4, i860: "The Coachwill leave the 
[ 156] 



Martin Bates and Others 

Norfolk House, Dedham, at 9.30 a.m. and 3.15 
P.M. connecting with the Metropolitan R. R. at 
Jamaica Plain for Boston. De Rochemont and 
Kenny, Proprietors." 

Same, December 14, 1861: Dr. W. Hazeltine, 
dentist, at "Norfolk House, Dedham." 

The Ballroom, with its fine spring floor, was so 
superior to the one at the Phoenix that even at this 
time many balls and parties were given here, at- 
tended by the best people of Boston and Norfolk 
County. 

During the Civil War the Ballroom was occa- 
sionally the scene of military displays. The Hon. 
Frederick D. Ely, of Dedham, attended a review by 
Governor Andrew of Colonel Robert G. Shaw's 
Fifty-fourth Regiment of colored troops at Read- 
ville, and in the evening was a spectator of a grand 
ball given at the Norfolk Hotel by the soldiers of 
that famous regiment. Mr. Ely roomed in the ell 
of the Hotel from 18 59-1 862. He remembers that 
during these years many of the judges, lawyers, 
jurors, and parties to suits boarded and lodged here 
during Court Session. 

Dedham furnished her full quota of soldiers for 
the War. Many of her sons died on the battle-field, 
and their names are recorded in the Dedham Me- 
morial Hall. 

During the War and preceding it martial and 
other patriotic displays were frequent in Dedham. 
One in particular is referred to in William Ames's 
[ 157] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



Diary, October 23, i860: "The Lincoln Wide 
Awakes had another torch light procession in the 
town last night. About 1500 of them marched 
through the streets to Agricultural Hall, where 
they had a collation. Many of the houses were il- 
luminated, our Phoenix among the rest. So many 
hundreds of torches made a fine show. Many Lin- 
coln men came here from Boston and the towns in 
the vicinity." Not only the Phoenix, but the Nor- 
folk Hotel as well, must have entertained many of 
the members of this procession. 

Charles H. Este of Boston seems to have been one 
of the last landlords and apparently the general 
character of the Tavern did not improve, as may 
be gathered from this notice in the Dedham Gazette, 
December 23, 1865: "2 or 3 serious rows in 
and about the Norfolk House in this town during 
the past week resulted in the arrest of the proprietor 
[Este], who, with his wife, is bound over for further 
examination on Tuesday next." Este was found 
guilty of maintaining a common nuisance.^ 

* Dedham Gazette, December 30, 1865 and following. 




fh,,i.„i,ai,hr.n,y.lohH F. (:inl,l. Ih.lh, 

THE NORFOLK HOTEL, 1866-1905 



VII 

Saint Mary^s School and Asylum, 1866-IQOS 

AFTER being a tavern for over sixty years, 
the Norfolk Hotel, or Norfolk House, as it 
was now usually called, became a Roman 
Catholic institution. 

By deed dated June i, 1866, Martin Bates con- 
veyed the " land, with the Norfolk House (so called) 
standing thereon," to Ann Alexis Shorb, Andrea 
Corry, and Aloysia Reed, all of Boston, Trustees 
for Saint Mary's School and Asylum, on condition 
that the premises " shall always be used for the pur- 
poses set forth in said articles of association of said 
Saint Mary's School and Asylum." ^ 

The "articles of association" referred to appear 
in the Agreement of Association of May 28, 1866 
(a few days prior to the above conveyance), when 
Saint Mary's School and Asylum was organized as 
follows: "Be it remembered that the undersigned, 
resident within the Commonwealth of Massachu- 
setts, hereby agree to associate themselves pur- 
suant to Chap. 32 of the General Statutes of 
Massachusetts as a corporation for the purpose of 
establishing and maintaining an Orphan Asylum 
and School under the charge of the Sisters of 

* Norfolk Registry of Deeds, Book 344, p. 10. 

[159] 



A Dedham T^avern 



Charity as founded by St. Vincent de Paul, and 
for visiting the sick and instructing the ignorant 
and promoting virtue, learning and piety in the 
town of Dedham, under the name of Saint Mary's 
School and Asylum." Signed by Ann Alexis Shorb, 
Joanna Andrea Corry, Margaret Ann Vincent Mc- 
Closky, Mary Frances Quirk, Mary Ann Aloysia 
Reed, and Dolores Mahoney.^ 

It is said that Martin Bates, through spite, on 
account of a quarrel with the town officials, made 
a gift of his hotel to Saint Mary's School and Asy- 
lum. "Once on a time the town of Dedham desired 
to purchase the Norfolk House from Uncle Bates 
for town purposes; and because the town would not 
pay Uncle Bates his price, he, in a spirit of vindictive- 
ness, gave it to some religious organization under 
certain conditions." ^ 

The Dedham Gazette makes mention of this trans- 
fer in an editorial:^ 

" Important transfer of real estate. The Norfolk 
House estate has been conveyed by Martin Bates 
to certain Sisters of Charity, as Trustees for St. 
Mary's School and Asylum. . . . The deed was 
given in consideration of $\. and other good con- 
sideration, and upon the condition that the pre- 
mises shall always be used for the purposes set 
forth in the articles of association. It is understood 

* Norfolk Registry of Deeds, Book 343, p. 34. 

* "Echoes of the Past"; Dedham Transcript, August 23, 1902. 
» July 7, 1866. 

[ 160] 



Saint Marfs School 

that the premises were a voluntary gift to the cor- 
poration by Mr. Bates, although we cannot learn 
that he was actuated therein by any attachment 
to the Romish faith. . . . The buildings are much 
out of repair and when offered at public auction 
about a year since no bid could be obtained for the 
estate higher than the amount of the mortgage. 

"Whatever prejudices may naturally exist 
against the establishment of a Roman Catholic 
School in so central a location, the community 
cannot but feel that the transformation of a build- 
ing recently used only for the indiscriminate sale 
of liquors into an institution founded for ' promoting 
virtue, learning and piety in the town of Dedham' 
is an object worthy only of the most exalted mo- 
tives, and in this view should be accepted as a 
public blessing." 

It may be here interesting to note that on the 
land originally granted in 1636 to Ezekiel Holliman, 
a Baptist and an apostle of freedom of thought, 
there stood in 1866 a Unitarian Church, a Congre- 
gational Church, an Episcopal Church, and finally 
a School of the Sisters of Charity, established by 
the Roman Catholic Church. On the same ground 
was also the site of the first free public school in 
Dedham. 

The Sisters of Charity soon met with favor, as 
may be seen from the following editorial : * 

> Dedham Gazette ^ August 4, 1866. 



161 



A Dedham Tavern 



" The new Catholic Institution in Dedham 

"Three Sisters of Charity arrived in this town 
on the 20th ultimo to take possession of the estate 
known as the Norfolk House, lately donated to them 
by Martin Bates for a School and Asylum. Their 
respective names are Sisters Catherine (Superior- 
ess) of Syracuse, N. Y., Sister Veronica of Troy, 
N. Y., and Sister Anselm of Chicago, 111. They 
are much pleased with their new home and have 
met with unqualified marks of favor from all with 
whom they have had the honor to become ac- 
quainted. All seem to extend to them a hearty wel- 
come, and if we may judge from the presents and 
donations they are receiving, they will soon be able 
not only to make the Norfolk House a comfortable 
abode, but also render it more ornamental to that 
conspicuous part of the village in which it is lo- 
cated. We hope they will meet with that success 
ever attendant upon self sacrificing heroines in the 
great cause of charity and the diffusion of Christian 
knowledge. They intend, for the support of the in- 
stitution, to carry on schools nearly in all respects 
similar to the common school system of public edu- 
cation. They also propose in the future opening a 
High School. Girls alone are taught by the Sisters 
of Charity. We hope every success may crown their 
labors in the town of Dedham." 

In the following year (1867) sixty children at- 
[ 162 1 



Saint Marfs School 



tended the School and ten orphans were provided 
with a comfortable home.^ 

In 1 87 1 the attendance was the same and 
the institution continued not only to flourish, 
but to improve. I quote from the Dedham Tran- 
script : ^ 

"This institution continues not only to flourish, 
but to improve. Occupying as it does a building 
that was once a public house or tavern in the cen- 
tral part of the village, brings it somewhat more 
prominently before the people than if it had been 
established in some more humble edifice. . . . We 
are told that never have the teachings of the Sisters 
been more practical in their tendencies than now, 
and never have the workings of the school been more 
harmonious. The course of study remains the 
same as during the previous year, but conducted 
with even greater spirit and efficiency than before. 
The average attendance is about sixty, which we 
believe is unparalleled in the history of the institu- 
tion. One thing about this school claims particular 
notice. Many of the scholars who have been as- 
sisted could not have received benefit in any other 
way as their time is employed during the regular 
school hours. It is with a feeling akin to pride that 
we sat through the exercises on Thursday afternoon 
of last week, and we think it must be admitted on 
all hands that the St. Mary's School has proved a 



1 Dedham Gazette, May 18, 1867. 

2 Dedham Transcript, July 8, 1871. 

[ 163 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



potent means of elevating the foreign class, both 
intellectually and morally. 

"The entrance of the scholars, all girls, into the 
hall, two by two, dressed in white, was a pleasing 
feature of the afternoon; the smaller girls leading 
off, and Mrs. Featherstone playing a march upon 
the piano. The next exercise was the crowning 
of the following named young ladies by the Rev. 
Father Brennan, with wreaths of artificial flowers:" 
Here follow their names. 

The Sisters had a great deal to contend with 
after their arrival in Dedham, owing to the lack of 
funds necessary to carry out the objects of their 
institution.^ Fairs, concerts, and other entertain- 
ments were given in order to raise money.^ One 
Fair is said to have realized to the School about 
^2000.3 

"Exhibition at St. Mary's School. The neatness, 
the cleanliness, the comfort and the unwearied at- 
tention of the ' Sisters ' to their protegees we can cer- 
tify to from personal observation." ^ 

The School continued until 1879, when, owing 
to the precarious support accorded, it was closed 
on June 27: ^ "The St. Mary's School closed on the 
27th ult. at 8 o'clock a.m. with a private distribu- 

1 Dedham Gazette, May i8, 1867. 

2 Dedham Transcript, July 18, 1874; October 26, 1878; April 26, 
1879. 

' Dedham Transcript, September 5, 1874, 

* Dedham Transcript, July 4, 1874. 

* Dedham Transcript, July 5, 1879. 

I 164] 



Saint Marfs School 



tion of premiums. A few selections of vocal and 
instrumental music were finely rendered, after 
which the beloved Pastor, Rev. R. J. Johnson, con- 
ferred honors on the most proficient in their respec- 
tive classes." 

The Sisters of Charity left Dedham soon after 
the closing of the School: "The Sisters of Charity, 
not having met with that encouragement they really 
deserved, have left Dedham for the present. People 
of all sects and conditions are free to admit the 
great good done by the ladies during their sojourn 
here and we have no doubt that efforts will be 
made to continue the School according to the pro- 
visions of Mr. Bates's will. Various statements in 
relation to the property have been circulated, but 
there can be no immediate change unless the project 
for which the Sisters have so assiduously labored 
is at once and forever abandoned. This is not likely 
to be the case." ^ 

The Rev. Edward W. Virgin, in The Old Norfolk 
House, states that the Lady Superiors of Saint 
Mary's School were Sisters Mary Ann Alexis, Mary 
Frances and Mary Vincent; that the teachers were 
Sisters Mary Josephine, Mary Martin, Mary Gene- 
vieve, Mary Theotina, Mary Victorina and Mary 
Vincent; and that other teachers were associated 
with them from time to time. 

Since the School was given up in 1879 until 1905, 
when the premises were bought by Charles H. Gif- 

1 Dedham Transcript, August 23, 1879. 
[ 165 ] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



ford, the building or portions of it were occupied by 
various people for office, residence, and storage pur- 
poses, and private schools held their sessions here. 
John Cahill, of Dedham, occupied the house as 
caretaker from August, 1879, to April, 1903, his 
daughter, Mary Cahill, continuing to hold the 
house and collect the rentals. 

In 1884, one Dr. A. H. Stewart occuped "Room 
6" as his office." ^ 

Miss Lucy Lee Fessenden had a private school 
here from 1884 to 1889, during which time the 
building was known as the "Sisters' Building," ^ 
or "Sisters' School Building." ^ "The patronage 
her school received being sufficient proof of its ex- 
cellence." * 

In 1889, Miss Sybil E. Rolland "opened a kinder- 
garten for little children in the old Norfolk House 
on Court St." 5 

Miss Sarah Breck Baker also had a private school 
here for a few years. Beginning with ten pupils, her 
number increased considerably, reaching at one 
time a maximum of thirty, ages ranging from five 
to fifteen years. ^ 

Miss Marietta Marden, dressmaker, Bernard 
Schermerhorn, Percival Gassett, Philip Glidden, 

' Dedham Transcript, February 9, 1884. 

* Dedham Transcript, August 29, 1885, 
» Dedham Transcript, August 22, 1885. 

* Slafter's Schools and Teachers of Dedham. 

* Dedham Transcript, October 26, 1889. 

' Slafter's Schools and Teachers ojf Dedham. 

[ 166] 




THE BALL ROOM, 1905 



Saint Mary^s School 



and others had rooms here. It was here also that 
Miss Clara Perry had her studio. 

During this period (1879 to 1905), owing to lack 
of funds, the house became sadly out of repair, the 
Ballroom especially so. The roof of the ell was full 
of holes, the plastering gone in many places and 
the famous spring floor fairly rotted away. During 
the winter snow and rain beat in and then freezing 
furnished an impromptu skating-rink for children, 
a decided contrast to the days when the Ballroom 
was considered one of the best in New England 
"and from far and near parties of quality came to 
try the celebrated spring floor and the elegant game 
suppers following a royal dance." ^ 

The original Trustees of Saint Mary's School and 
Asylum being now all dead, and there being but 
one member of the corporation alive, the Legisla- 
ture was appealed to and the corporation was re- 
vived and authorized to sell its property free from 
the trusts and provisions in Bates's deed.^ 

As time went on, there was a failure to pay the 
town taxes which had been assessed to John Cahill 
as occupant, and a tax sale of the Norfolk Hotel re- 
sulted in 1903. There was also failure to pay the 
yearly land rental of $60, and formal entry and pos- 
session were taken to secure this rent by the First 
Church in Dedham. This rent having been paid by 
the Rev. Robert J. Johnson, a new lease on the lines 
of present ownership was made out to him on Jan- 

^ Dedham Transcript, March 6, 1909. * Chap. 436, Acts 1901. 
[ 167] 



A Dedham Tavern 



uary 12, 1905,^ for the unexpired term of 999 years 
of the original leases; and the latter conveyed to 
Charles H. GIfFord, June 19, 1905,^ subject to a 
rental of ^60 a year to the First Church for the un- 
expired portion of the original 999-year lease. Mr. 
GIfford also bought the "Griggs estate," so called, 
owned by Theodore P. Spindle, adjoining the rear 
of the Norfolk Hotel land and fronting on Bullard 
Street. This land was also subject to a ground 
rental to the First Church. The Land Court ap- 
proved these proceedings and a Decree of Regis- 
tration Issued August 28, 1906, all claims of the 
heirs of Martin Bates being denied. 

^ Norfolk Registry of Deeds, Book 991, p, 305. 
2 Norfolk Registry of Deeds, Book 1002, p. 383. 



VIII 

Charles H. Giford, igo5-iQio 

CHARLES H. GIFFORD, the new owner, 
undertook to Itransform the old house into 
a handsome residence for himself and fam- 
ily, and he began the work none too soon. The place 
had been so long neglected it had become a public 
eyesore in a very prominent quarter of the town. 
From the Dedham Transcript: ^ "The Old Norfolk 
House on Court St. is to be remodelled and made 
into a commodious private residence. Charles H. 
Gifford's first thought was to tear down the building 
and erect a modern house, but upon inspection it 
was found that the walls, foundation and main tim- 
bers of the old house were in a good state of pre- 
servation, and that the interior finish of some of the 
rooms was of rare workmanship, so Mr. Gifford 
decided to utilize the old building as far as possible 
in his plans." 

The architect was Frank Chouteau Brown, 6 
Park Street, Boston, and for about two years and 
a half he was engaged in the work of improvement. 
From the Dedham Transcript:^ "The Old Norfolk 
House, Dedham, becomes the New Norfolk House, 
No. 19 Court St., by the thorough renovation, 

» July 7, 1906. ^ March 6, 1909. 

[ 169] 



A Dedham "Tavern 



restoration and improvement of 'Ye ancient 
hostelry.' The residents and real estate owners of 
that section of Court St. may well congratulate 
themselves on the wonderful transformation. It 
was taken hold of none too soon to save it from be- 
coming a nesting place for 'Weary Willies' and a 
home for the hungry horde of 'furriners.' The two 
storied veranda and the four large and tall pil- 
lars, painted immaculately white, and the English 
gates, joined by brick arches to the north and south 
sides, give a colonial and majestic tone to the whole 
structure." 

The following are the architect's own notes upon 
his work: 

"Old Norfolk House, Dedham. Alterations by 
Frank Chouteau Brown, architect. Style of archi- 
tecture. Southern Colonial. Columns, cement, 22 
inches diam. at base by 18 ft. high. Capitols, Greek 
Ionic in type, but modified to a Colonial form. 
Gates, Southern Colonial. Brick fence and gate- 
ways agree with the house, being Southern Colonial 
in type. Photographer, Leon Dadmun, 11 Port- 
land St., Boston. Lot 121 ft. on Court St. by 
175 ft. deep. Old ball room is 27 x 61 ft., two 
stories high, with arched plaster ceiling. Spring 
floor. Hanging musicians' gallery at one end. 
Living hall has staircase going up in two ways, as 
was the Southern fashion, and the hall is treated in 
the simplest Doric style, very similar to the hall 
in the White House at Washington, as recently 
[ 170] 








•J:l,i. I . i.iul.l. Ii.,l„a 



THE HALL 



Charles H, Gifford 



restored. Reception room is carried out in simple 
Adams type of colonial, which was derived from 
the French. The walls of the study are in panelled 
oak to the ceiling. The style of the room belonging 
to that time when Georgian and Elizabethan styles 
were interchanging in England. 

"When the restoration was begun the brick por- 
tion of the house had all been painted a grayish 
white, along with the wooden addition at the back. 
One of the first things attempted was to remove the 
paint from the brickwork so as to get back the origi- 
nal contrast of color. The portico in front was added 
so as to give the house a central feature which it 
badly needed, and to include the two doorways 
that would otherwise have been jarring elements to 
the design. One of the old doorways is filled with 
a French window, and the other retained as the 
main entrance to the house, and is treated with a 
colonial door and top-light. The side entry, open- 
ing from the garden and driveway at the south 
(Bates Court), is also distinctively colonial. Here 
side-lights and top-lights have both been employed. 
The old dining room of the Norfolk House was di- 
vided up to get kitchen closets and pantries in con- 
nection with the kitchen, and the entry just spoken 
of, and a loggia back of it, connecting the dining 
room with the hall. The house is heated by a mod- 
ern system of hot water. The boundary fence run- 
ning the whole length of Bates Court is an open 
pleasant lattice work, also of colonial style." 
[ 171 1 



A Dedham 'Tavern 



Mr. Gifford deserves the greatest praise for 
beautifying this important section of the town. 
Before taking up his residence, however, in his new 
home, his business unexpectedly called him per- 
manently to Detroit, Michigan, and on April 12, 
1910, he sold the premises to the author of this 
"Tale." 

Mr. Gifford was a resident of Dedham for several 
years, during which time he took an active and 
influential part in town affairs. The New Norfolk 
Hotel or "Auld-Inn" (as it might be called in 
memory of the old tavern keeper), stands as a 
monument to Mr. Gifford's efforts to beautify this 
historic spot in Dedham. 



APPENDIX 



APPENDIX A 

THE PASSING OF LAFAYETTE 

A Romance of the Norfolk House, by Elinor 
Ramsay ^ 

It was a night in early summer, and only now and 
again was the intense stillness broken by the twitter of 
a bird or a breath of wind coming from the river. The 
moon shone high in the sky, while the trees near cast 
shadows around the old posting-house. Time was stand- 
ing still, for the spirits of those long since departed were 
allowed once more to visit their past habitations. 

The shade of Lafayette, that gay, debonair young of- 
ficer of the French army, stood leaning against the door- 
way of the Norfolk House. Coming along Court Street 
was the shadow of a woman, and to Lafayette's heart 
there came a sudden throb, as he recognized the pic- 
turesque dress of the Friends. Unhesitatingly she flitted 
along until she reached the tavern, and the taller shade 
advanced to meet her. 

Words seemed to be superfluous, as, their hands 
meeting, Lafayette whispered: "I was half afraid you 
were detained, sweetheart. You did not fear to come?" 

For answer she looked gravely but tenderly at him, 
and together they passed into the house and up the 
staircase to the long ballroom. 

"Truly there seemeth much vexation and warring 

of elements nowadays," the Quaker lady said as they 

stepped to the window, and Lafayette stood looking 

down at her. " I did hear some talk that owing to the in- 

^ Dedham Transcript, June 19, 1909. 

[ 175 1 



Appendix 



crease of riches, the Evil One had more business to attend 
to than he could well manage." 

"Even the old houses are no longer old," she con- 
tinued, "but for myself I prefer the old, old things." 

She placed herself on the low bench, and the Marquis 
stooped and raised her hands to his lips. 

"Nay, Jean," she whispered. "Now gallants no longer 
salute the hands of those they love, courtesy has lost 
its sweet savor, and women are even as men, and some- 
times worse," and her voice fell. 

"Faith," — and at the old name the Quaker lady 
allowed herself to draw nearer Lafayette, — "let us 
forget to-day and its tarnish, and think of bygone hours, 
tenderly, kindly, knowing that for us once there grew 
the primrose way, even with the sound of war in our 
midst." 

"Jean, thee was harder hit than thee cares to admit," 
and a flash came as she spoke to the Quaker lady's eyes, 
which Lafayette had delighted in in years long past. 

For a second there was silence, and the room darkened; 
then the moon shone again on the two bowed heads and 
the clasped hands. 

"I loved you, little Faith, with a man's first love; you 
were the embodiment of every womanly virtue, and 
your religion only heightened your charm." 

"And I — oh, how could I love a Catholic and a 
worldling, but thee had ever been mine idol, Jean; but 
I was sore punished for my sin! For it was with me, 
as with many an one, Jean; I gave mine all, and when 
the end came, I, too, said : ' I shall tread softly all my 
years.'" 

As by the clearing of a mist away, Lafayette saw the 
colorless avenue of years along which his Quaker love 
had walked, and a feeling of remorse came to him. She 
was quick to see the change of feeling, and with deli- 
cate touch she raised her hands to his breast. 
[ 176] 



Appendix 



"With the woman it is the heart always, is it not? 
And it is right. For the man must step into the world 
and fight a man's battles. Thy life was not an easy one, 
my Jean"; and her eyes glowed with feeling. 

"I can see the old place now," she murmured, "but 
the house was destroyed years ago. There will Ije few 
spots left for us to revisit shortly." 

"You read me quite a lecture," went on Lafayette, 
"that night when we were quartered upon your family." 

"I had prayed in my girlish folly that I might see 
the noble young officer who was aiding Washington so 
well," Faith answered. "And when my mother bade 
me come and be presented to thee, I scarce could stand 
upright, my heart was beating so! Yet I did reprove thee 
about the King, for it seemed to me thee was ungen- 
erous." 

The Marquis smiled, and, raising the delicate face, 
he gazed into the steadfast eyes. "Faith, Hope, and 
Charity," he said, "but the greatest of these is Charity, 
which forgives us poor blundering men the mistakes 
which spoil a young life. Still, thy mother was somewhat 
negligent about thee when she — " 

"My mother always trusted me, Jean." Then she 
smiled. 

"Where was she when we walked in the garden?" La- 
fayette went on; and again the flash came into the gray 
lady's eyes. 

"My lord, to tell the honest truth, my mother was 
very proud of certain dishes she made, and so she would 
not let Kezia make them while you were our guest; 
besides, she thought me only a child and a Friend!" 
And Faith smiled again. 

"Ah! you were a Friend, and I — well, I was only a 
lover. And there came a day when you ceased to be 
only a Friend to me and became — " 

"Hush!" Faith whispered. "Does thee remember the 

[ 177 ] 



Appendix 



old rose-bush, the York and Lancaster, that striped 
rose? It never flourished from that time, but gradually 
pined away, and by the time thee went back to France, 
the rose was dead." 

A gust of wind suddenly sprang up and a slight cloud 
passed over the moon. The woman's shadowy form 
leaned against the man, her head rested against his 
shoulder, while the memory of forgotten days envel- 
oped them. The faulty weaving was lost in the soft 
curves of the fabric, and its folds were light as thistle- 
down. 

Lafayette was the first to speak. " I blamed myself. 
I might have known your parents would never have con- 
sented to your wedding a noble and a Frenchman, to say 
nothing of the religion." 

"No," Faith said softly; "but they did not under- 
stand that love comes and goes, and for some 'with God 
be the rest.'" 

"Your father thanked me for the honor I had done 
his family, regretted his share in allowing me to see you 
so often, and granted my last request that I might see 
you once again and alone. It was in that last sad inter- 
view in dear old Yorktown that we made our solemn 
compact to meet at stated times, when our spirits, freed 
from their earthly forms, might once again commune in 
peace." 

Lafayette's voice died away on the still air of the 
room. 

"And thee rode away, afterwards to suffer those years 
of prison, and I — " Faith paused. 

"Love, you were more faithful than I," whispered 
Lafayette. 

"Thee had to do what was right," the Quaker lady 
went on. "For me, after the war was over, my parents' 
wealth came to me and smoothed my latter years." 

Lafayette spoke. "Some travelling Americans gave 
[ 178] 



k 



Appendix 



me news of you in Paris, and I made an extra prayer 
for the soul of Faith Carstairs." 

Faith rested her hand on his Hps. 

"Thee hurts me when thee speaks Hke that. If I suf- 
fered, did thee not suffer in those weary years of im- 
prisonment? Many was the prayer I prayed for those 
'who languish in prison,' and once again we saw each 
other on earth." 

"Little did I think," said Lafayette, "that on that 
hasty ride through to Roxbury, Fate or Providence would 
bring me a glimpse of you. Tell me again how you came 
to be stopping here." 

"When I was left alone," Faith said softly, "I spent 
much of my time in visiting prisons. There was need of 
it, and as I sat by the side of one born far away from this 
land, my heart thought on thee and thy years of cap- 
tivity. My friends and I had stopped here to rest our 
horses, and disliking the publicity below, we were al- 
lowed to remain in the dancing-room. I heard the tu- 
mult and confusion, and from these windows I saw le 
Marquis de Lafayette!" 

"There was no mistaking you," Lafayette said. "After 
all those years, your face still came to me as I knew it in 
Yorktown. The crowd around thought it only gallantry 
which made me salute the ladies at the window while 
time pressed." 

"It was prophetic," Faith answered. "I felt that 
time for me had all but counted the last stroke, and for 
thee also the years might be few." 

"Faith" — and the man's tones sank to a whisper 
— "as I rode away that night, with the gleam from 
the marshes lighting my road, I thought what will- 
o'-the-wisps men follow, and how much happier those 
who follow the straight, if hard road of duty, even if 
difficult to find." 

Softly now, as of some fitful memory flashing into 

[ 179 ] 



Appendix 



being, came the sounds of music. They fell upon 
the shadowy listeners' hearing like echoes of the world 
above. Neither form moved, but together they saw the 
old walk in the garden in Yorktown, and the figure 
of a Quaker maiden and a French noble. 

"Do you remember what I taught you," Lafayette 
whispered, and Faith's eyes glistened as she recalled the 
forbidden pastime. 

"We had tried long ere thee came," she answered, 
"but they never knew how I learned to dance so well"; 
and the girl smiled. 

Still the music rippled on, and surely there were other 
shadowy forms in the gallery. To the man's ears it 
rang of the early days in Yorktown, swelling to the 
march of war and fading away into a minor key. The 
woman's ear heard a spring song, the full note of a sum- 
mer day, too beautiful to last, and then the wailing 
notes of an unfinished theme. 

The two figures passed into the moonlight, the air of 
a minuet vibrating across the room. The Quaker lady's 
feet had surely trod the measure before, and there was 
no faltering on the part of the Marquis. To and fro, bow 
and courtesy, the steps went on, and only for them rang 
the music from the gallery. 

Slowly, slowly, the figures moved, then paused, the 
hands of the woman fast clasped to the man's breast, as 
upon the stillness floated the farewell of the Marseillaise. 



APPENDIX B 

TITLE OF THE NORFOLK HOTEL LAND 

Report of the Examiner, Don Gleason Hill, 

A LARGE portion of the land In Dedham Village 
between Memorial Hall and the Episcopal Church 
on both sides of Church Street and between School 
Street and Court Street and also a large tract on 
the north side of High Street, on both sides of 
Washington Street, from Maple Place to the Rail- 
road Bridge, together with the Greenleaf Block 
estate south of High and east of Washington Street, 
are held under leases for 999 years from the Epis- 
copal Church In Dedham to various lessees. Also 
the Square bounded by High Street, Court Street, 
Village Avenue and Bullard Street (except the 
Church Green and the land on which the Church 
and Vestry stand) are held under leases from the 
First Church in Dedham. There are also a few 
outlying pieces which have been leased by the 
Church. These Churches began to make these 
leases a little before the year 1800, and they bear 
different dates from that period down. Prior to the 
passage of Chapter 162 of the Acts of 1834 these 
leases were personal estates, and I was told many 
years ago by the late Judge Waldo Colburn that 

» Land Registration Office, Boston. Title No. 1452- 
[ 181 ] 



Appendix 



Judge Theron Metcalf, who was then a practising 
lawyer in Dedham, was instrumental in procuring 
the passage of this act on account of the large 
amount of property held in Dedham under long 
leases. In the earlier days these leases were trans- 
ferred in the most simple manner, frequently by 
mere endorsements on the back of the original 
lease. The lessees have constantly subdivided their 
land, dividing the rent to be paid among them- 
selves, and in not a few cases charging the whole 
rent, sometimes of two or three leases, upon a por- 
tion of the land described in one lease. Frequently 
dividing the land into two parts, the lease would 
be surrendered without ceremony and two new 
leases issued in place thereof. In our particular 
case the rent of several leases was charged by 
Martin Bates, the owner, upon our particular lot, 
and some of the holders under the lease would be 
charged with the payment of the rent under an en- 
tirely different lease, but this arrangement of pay- 
ments of ground rent has now become adjusted by 
the issuing of new leases in 1905 whereby each 
lessee is chargeable only with the rent under his 
own lease. Sheet 14 is a reduced sketch from a 
copy of a plan which I copied Oct. 10, 1874 from 
the original then in the possession of Jonathan H. 
Cobb, who was then one of the Deacons, and 
showed the lots according to the leases as they 
stood in 1863, the red shading being mine to show 
our particular lines. 

[ 182 1 



Appendix 



With this report I file a little pamphlet entitled 
"Dedham Village in 1636-1876" with a plan, to 
which I have added a few more extracts from the 
Dedham Proprietors' Records. On page 6 of the 
pamphlet will be found a grant of the land (cover- 
ing the Church land) to Ezechiell Holliman, 12 
acres. On page 16 will be found the transfer from 
Holliman to Joseph Kingsbury, and also a trans- 
fer from Joseph Kingsbury to the Town of an acre 
for a "seat for a publique Meetinge House" in the 
added sheets the transfer from Kingsbury to the 
Church. Also In the July number of 1902 of Ded- 
ham Historical Register is an historical paper of 
mine giving some information with regard to these 
early grants, although that article relates mostly 
to the Landing Place on Charles River and the 
part of the Kingsbury land north of High Street. 

Our immediate locus originally formed part of 
some five different leases with an addition thereto 
on the back of one of them. There are one or two 
instances in which former leases appear to have 
been surrendered and we have new leases in place 
thereof. It seemed to me necessary to follow the 
land under each one of these leases until the title 
became vested in Martin Bates, but from there on 
I have not deemed it necessary to follow in the 
abstract, the land outside of our locus. The locus 
was sold for taxes sheet No. 91 and was a default 
as to all of the leases covered by our abstract. En- 
try has been made for breach of the condition of 
[ 183 ] 



Appendix 



these leases on account of failure to pay taxes and 
also on account of failure to pay rent, and certi- 
ficates recorded under Section i6, Chapter 134 of 
the Revised Laws. Sheet No. 96 Is a plan showing 
the situation of the new leases and Is recorded with 
them; the red lines being the old lease lines. My 
abstract does not show It, but at the time the new 
lease was made to Robert J. Johnson (sheet 94) 
new leases were also made of the other lots on this 
plan to the parties named with each lot. . . . 

It will be noticed that sheet 82 which conveys 
our locus is made on condition that the grantees 
shall pay the rent, etc. and that said premises 
shall always be used for purposes set forth In ar- 
ticles of association of St. Mary's School and Asy- 
lum. So far as I have been able to discover I have 
found no evidence of any entry by Bates or his 
heirs for breach of the condition in this deed. After 
the passage of Chapter 436, Acts of 1901, referred 
to on Sheet 85 a real action was brought by a few 
of the heirs of Martin Bates (Sheet loi) against 
John Cahill who was a mere occupant of the pre- 
mises, but Cahill died and the case was dismissed 
Dec. 4, 1905 at the calling of the Docket. I have on 
sheets 98, 99 and 100 given an abstract of the Bates 
will and codicil, (this will was duly probated) and 
the latest list of heirs which I have been able to find 
from the Probate Documents, and from the deeds. 
I have not seen the conveyances by the Bates heirs 
and I do not know their present names and ad- 
[ 184] 



Appendix 



dresses. I know that George Coolidge Is dead and 
he left, so far as I can ascertain from the Dedham 
Records, four children who are named as plaintiffs 
in the writ Sheet loi. . . } 

1 Heirs of Martin Bates; from Land Registration Office, Boston: 
Allen M. Sumner, Margaret S. Davis, Grace F. Penny-packer, Anna 
L. Coolidge, George A. Coolidge, Ellen F. Daniels, Ellen B. Gannett, 
James T. Bates, Albert C. Hager, George C. Hager. 



INDEX 



Abolition Movement. See Anti- 
Slavery meetings. 

Academy, 55. 

Adams, Charles Francis, 53. 

Adams, John, 32, 53. 

Adams, J. Q., 71. 

Adams, John Quincy, 33, 53, 54, 
81. 

Adams, Thomas B., 15. 

Addison, Mrs., 153. 

Adlam, Rev. Samuel, 52. 

Agricultural Hall, 158. 

Alden, Abner, no, in, 137, 142. 

Alden, Amasa, 57, 150. 

Alden, Francis, 27-37, S7-II3; 
and elsewhere. 

Alden, George, 57, 70, 91, 92, 103, 
120, 137, 150. 

Alden, Leonard, 57, 108, 113. 

AUstrum, Benjamin, 154. 

Ames, Fisher, 3, 8, 9, 16, 26, 29, 

53. 73, 154- 
Ames, John W., 46, 93. 
Ames, Nathaniel, Senior, 3. 
Ames, Nathaniel, Junior (Diary 

often quoted), 9, 12, 16, 90. 
Ames, Seth, 53. 
Ames, William (Diary often 

quoted), 73, 74, 120, 123, 1 3 2. 
Ames, William, 2d, 128. 
Andrew, John A., 53, 99, 157. 
Anti-Masons, 32, 92, 95, 96. 
Anti-Slavery meetings, 112, 124, 

125. 
Assemblies. See Parties. 
Austin, J. A., 91. 
Austin, James Trecothick, 53, 

94. 
Avery House, 91. 

[ I 



Bacon, Horace, 118. 

Bacon, Mrs. Horace, 38, 74, 80. 

Bailey, John, 81. 

Baker, David A., 120. 

Baker, Eliphalet, 17. 

Baker, Eliphalet, Jr., 19. 

Baker, Jeremiah, 18, 24. 

Baker, Joel M., 150. 

Baker, John, 19, 150. 

Baker, John, Jr., 35. 

Baker, John, 2d, 84, 150. 

Baker, Lusher J., 150. 

Baker, Nancy, 150. 

Baker, Obed, 18, 138, 150. 

Baker, Sarah Breck, 166. 

Baker et al. vs. Fales, 35. 

Balch, John, Jr., 150. 

Ballou, Rev. Hosea, 119. 

Ballroom, 67-75, 167, 170. 

Balls. See Parties. 

Banks, Nathaniel P., 133, 134. 

Baptist Church, 52. 

Bar, the, 59, 75, 130, 135, 138, 

ISS- 

Barber, 39. 

Barrows, Thomas, 82, 96, 103, 
104, 150. 

Barry, Mrs., in. 

Barry, Stephen, 96. 

Bassett, Rev. A. V., lOl. 

Bates, James T., 185. 

Bates, Martin, 1 14-158; and else- 
where. 

Bates, Mary F., 114. 

Bates, Rev., 11. 

Bates, Samuel, 114. 

Bates, Stephen, 147. 

Bent, Samuel G., 50. 

Bickner, Samuel R., 154, 156. 

87 ] 



Index 



Bigelow, Jabez, 86. 
Bingham, Jerusha, 150. 
Bingham, Pliny, 29, 30, 83, 91, 

92, 93- 
Bird, F. W., 144. 
Bird, George, 150. 
Bird Josiah N., 82, 85, 96. 
Blake, Latimer, 71. 
Blue Hill Hotel, 56. 
Boston and Providence Railroad. 

See Providence Railroad. 
Boston and Providence Turnpike, 

61. 
Boston Veterans, 128, 137. 
Boyd, Moses, 72, 126. 
Boyden, Benjamin, 96, 120, IJO. 
Boyden, John E., 85, 150. 
Boyle, Rev. Isaac, 41, 43, 46. 
Boyn ton's Tavern, 22. 
Bradley, Gen. E. W., 86. 
Brennan, Rev. Father, 164. 
Bride, James, 4, 91, 109. 
Bride's Tavern, 3, 40, 62, 65, 71, 

83, 94- 
Briggs, 92. 
Briggs, John K., 51. 
Briggs, Solomon, 20, 150. 
Brigham, Josiah, 87. 
Brooks, Gov. John, 34. 
Brown, Frank Chouteau, 169, 170. 
Brown, George, 103. 
Brown, Th., 91. 

Bryant, Austin, 96, 104, 120, 150. 
Bugby, Dr. S., 46. 
BuUard, Chestor, 12. 
Bullard, Elijah, 150. 
Bullard, Isaac, 8. 
Bullard, John, 18, 85, 120, ijo. 
Bullard, John, Jr., 120. 
Bullard, Mrs. John R., 148. 
Bullard, W., 42. 
Bullard, William, 150. 
Burgess, Rev. Ebenezer, 52, 54. 

[ I 



Burrill, Clarissa, 12. 
Burying Ground, 5, 10, 125. 
Butler, Benjamin F., 53. 

Cabot, 66. 

Cahill, John, 166, 167, 184. 

Cahill, Mary, 166. 

Calder, Edna F., Preface, v. 

Capen, Oliver, 120, 136, 137, 147, 

ISO. 
Capen, Nathaniel, 150. 
Capen, Ebenezer, 150. 
Carey, 128. 
Carroll, Sanford, 57. 
Carstairs, Faith, 175-180. 
Carter, Joshua E., 120, 136. 
Carter (landlord), 143, 144. 
Cass, Gov., 76, 79, 146. 
Chamberlin, 139, 140. 
Chandler, Gard. L., 12. 
Chapin, J., 91, 92, 137. 
Chase, David, 150. 
Chickering, Jabez, 21, 24, 30, 45, 
Chickering, Jabez, Jr., 21. 
Choate, Rufus, 53, 106, 129. 
Cholera, 108. 
Citizens' Line, 65, 66. 
Clap, Jesse, 19, 20. 
Clap, Nathaniel, 85, 140. 
Clark, Aaron, 150. 
Clark, Horatio, 105. 
Clark, J., 71. 

Clark, Jacob, 93, 108, 109, no. 
Clark, James, 4, 40, 133. 
Clarke, Spencer, 13. 
Clarke, William Horatio, 49. 
Clark's Tavern, 24. 
Clay, Henry, 29, 82, 103. 
Cleveland, Ira, iii. 
Cobb, Jonathan H., 18, 34, 46, 

SI, 81, 103, 108, no, 120, 138, 

182. 
Cobb, C. C, 137. 

88 ] 



Index 



Cobb, Miss, 126. 
Colburn, Abijah, 150. 
Colburn, Lyman R., 100. 
Colburn, John D., 96. 
Colburn, Waldo, 181. 
Columbian House, 133. 
Comer, 74. 

Commercial Line of Stages, 61. 
Commissioners of Highways, 55. 
Company Shoots. See Shoots. 
Concerts, 41, 74, 75, 119, 125, 

127, 138, 164. 
Coney, Jabez, Jr., 84, 104. 
Congregational Church, 52, 54, 

90, 161. 
Constellation Lodge {see Masons), 

10, II, 30, 31, 52. 
Coolidge, Anna L., 185. 
Coolidge, George A., 185. 
Cooper, James Fenimore, 2. 
Copeland, Benjamin F., 137. 
Corry, Andrea, 159. 
Court House, 8, 9, 10, 21, 22, 25, 

26,42, 51,52, 53,54,61,90, 106, 

107, 112, 129, 138, 140, 156, 157. 
Covell, Daniel, 84. 
Cox, John, 120. 
Crane, Elijah, 24. 
Crane, Joseph, 126. 
Crane, General, 14. 
Crocker, Geo. G., 65. 
Crossman (landlord), 154, 155. 
Grossman, J. C, 105. 
Cummings, Judge, 112. 
Gushing, Caleb, 53. 

Dadmun, Leon, 170. 
Dana, L., 128, 150. 
Dana, Richard H., 53, 129. 
Dances. See Parties. 
Dancing Schools. See Parties. 
Daniels, Ellen F., 185. 
Daniells, Josiah, 18. 



Davenport, Samuel, 118. 
Davenport's Tavern, 22, 23. 
Davis, Judge, 99. 
Davis, Margaret S., 185. 
Dawes, Judge Thomas, 26, 53. 
Day, Joseph, 85, 96, 123, 150. 
De Rochemont and Kenny, 157. 
Dean, Dexter, 71. 
Dean, John, 2d, 150. 
Dean, John, 3d, 85. 
Dean, Josiah, 2d, 96. 
Dearborn, Adj't-Gen'l., 99. 
Dedham Assemblies, 70, 71. 
Dedham Bank, 24, 29, 61. 
Dedham Boat Company, 112. 
Dedham Branch Railroad. See 

Providence Railroad. 
Dedham Cotillion Band, 71. 
Dedham Fire Society. See Fire 

Societies. 
Dedham Historical Society, 5, 12, 

16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 65, 73, 120. 
Dedham Hotel, 3, 37, 50, 71, 91. 
Dedham Light Infantry, 31, 33, 

55. 98) 99> 100, loi. 

Dedham Reading Room, 46. 

Dedham Second Centennial Anni- 
versary, 96-100. 

Dedham Social Library, no. 

Dedham Stage, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 
24, 61. 

Dedham Thief Detecting Society, 
119, 120, 141. 

Dedham Village Avenue Associa- 
tion, III. 

Democratic meetings, 83, 84, 85. 

Derby, John B., 46. 

Detecting Society in Dedham, 16, 

17, 18. 
Deuchar, A., 72. 
Dewey, Charles A., 53. 
Dexter, Franklin, 99. 
Dexter, Samuel, 26, 29, 53. 



[ 189 ] 



Index 



Dixon, George, 55, 109. 

Dixon, John, 93. 

Dorchester and Milton Glee Club, 

74- 
Douglass, Frederick, 124. 
Downing, James, 85, 96, 150. 
Dowse, 14, 90. 
Drinks, 36, 59, 60. 
Druce, 11. 

Eagle, 35. 

Eaton, E., 150. 

Eaton, James, 4. 

Eaton, John, 1 10. 

Eaton, Luther, Capt., lOl, 150. 

Eaton, Luther, Col., 78, 79, 85, 

96, 104, no. 
Elephant, 44. 
Ellis, Abner, 18, 81, 150. 
Ellis, Calvin, 75. 
Ellis, Charles, 147. 
Ellis, Colburn, 83, 150. 
EUis, Gen. George, 15, 17. 
Ellis, George, 2d, 86, 120, 150. 
Ellis, Isaac, 150. 
Ellis, John, 23, 24, 136. 
Ellis, Merrill D., 96, 123, 147. 
Ellis, Paul, 18. 
EUis, Richard, 83, 85, 150. 
Ellis, William, 17, 18, 46, 81, 85, 

86, 150. 
Ellis, William, Jr., 18. 
Elm Trees, no, ni, 137. 
Ely, Frederick D., 157. 
Endicot, 14. 

Endicott, John, 17,55, 84, 88, 150, 
Engine Companies, 18, 19, 20, 41, 

42,43,92,93,98,99, 119, 152, 

153. 

Episcopal Church, 10, 90, l6l, l8l, 
Este, Charles H., 158. 
Etheridge, John A., 105. 
Eustis, Governor, 48, 55. 

I ] 



Everett, Alexander H., 99. 
Everett, Edward, 53, 78, 84, 99, 

100. 
Everett, Meletiah, 87. 
Everett, Willard, 2d, 85. 

Fairbanks, Joe, 123. 

Fairbanks, William, 30, 39, 128. 

Fairbanks, William, 2d, 150. 

Fales, Capt. J., 30. 

Fales, Joseph, no. 

Fales, Joshua, 86. 

Fales, Joshua, Jr., 84, 87. 

Fales, Stephen, 150. 

Farrington, D. B., 118. - 

Farrington, James, no, 150. 

Farrington, Jesse, 33, no. 

Farrington, Otis, 150. 

Farrington, Reuben, 72, 121, 150. 

Farrington, Reuben, Jr., 120, 150. 

Featherstone, Mrs., 164. 

Federal Meetings, 29. 

Felton, Horace, 72, 92. 

Fessenden, Lucy Lee, 166. 

Field, Barnum, 34. 

Fillmore, Millard, 144. 

Fire Department {see Engine 
Companies), 94, 98. 

Fire Societies, 56, 93, 94. 

First Church in Dedham, 5, 7, 8, 
9, 10, n, 31,35, 36,39,45*46, 
54, 78, 79, 90, 98, 99, loi, 103, 
104, 116, 117, 120, 133, 161, 167, 
168, 181, 183. 

Fish (landlord), 142. 

Fisher, Alvan, 46, 147. 

Fisher, Alvan J., 153. 

Fisher, E., Jr., 24, 42, 46. 

Fisher, Eben S., 147, 152. 

Fisher, Ebenezer, Jr., 81. 

Fisher, Freeman, 148. 

Fisher, John, 150. 

Fisher, John, Jr., 18. 
90 ] 



Index 



Fisher, John D., 46. 
Fisher, Joseph, 85, 96, 150. 
Fisher, Joshua, 3. 
Fisher, Josiah, 8. 
Fisher, Josiah, S., 55. 
Fisher, Lewis, 86. 
Fisher, Lewis W., 150. 
Flagstaff, 38, 133. 
Flip, flip bowl, flip iron, 59. 
Foord, Enos, 46, 91, 92, 93, 

147. 
Foord, James, 28. 
French, George H., 86. 
French, Samuel, 150. 
French, Thomas, 87. 
French allies, 10. 
Frost, 71. 
Fuller, Aaron, 8. 
Fuller, Ellis, 85. 

Gannett, Ellen B., 185. 
Gardner, John, 147. 
Garrison, William Lloyd, 124. 
Gassett, Percival, 166. 
Gaston, William, 53. 
Gay, Ellis, 150. 
Gay, Moses, 18. 
Gay, Theodore 2d, 96, 104. 
Gay, Timothy, 37, 83. 
Gay, Willard, 24. 
Gay, William K., 84. 
Gay's Tavern, 3, 4, 10, 61. 
Gifford, Charles H., 165, 168, 

170, 171, 172. 
Giles, Rev. Henry, 143. 
Glidden, Philip, 166. 
Gough, John B., 135, 
Gourgas, John M., 87. 
Gowen, Asa, 34. 
Gragg, Moses, 27-56. 
Gray, Horace, 53. 
Gray, Miss, 153. 
Gray, William King, 85, 150. 



137, 



169, 



Grover, Calvin, 126. 
Guild, Col. A., 103. 
Guild, Calvin, 18, 19, 25, 55, 109, 

ISO. 
Guild, Francis, 62, 85, 96. 
Guild, Jason, 104, 120. 
Guild, John, 18, 24, 30, 150. 
Guild, Gen. Nathaniel, 9, 46, 82, 

85, 97, no. 
Guild, Reuben, 2d, 96, 150. 

Hager, Albert C, 185. 
Hager, George C, 185. 
Hall, Mr. & Mrs., 125. 
Harrison, William Henry, 88, 115, 

116, 117, 121, 122. 
Harrison Grove, 117, 135. 
Haseltine, George W., 1 15-120, 

132. 
Haven, Rev. Jason, 8, 9, 90. 
Haven, C, 13. 
Haven, Samuel, 24. 
Haven, Samuel F., 99, 100. 
Hayne, Robert Y., 102. 
Hazeltine, Dr. W., 157. 
Heustis, Dr., 137. 
Hewins, Nathaniel A., 96, 120, 

150. 
Hill, Don Gleason, 114, 181. 
Hoar, Ebenezer R., 53. 
Hoffman, Miss, 126. 
Holliman, Ezechiell, 4, 5, 161, 

183. 
Holmes, Edward B., 84, 96, 150. 
Howard, P., 30. 
Howe, Allen, 153. 
Howe, John, 12. 
Howe, Josiah D., 4. 
Howe, J. R. & W., no. 
Howe's Tavern, 4, 10. 
Hunnewell, 19. 
Hunnewell, Ebenezer, 20. 
Huntoon, Rev. Benjamin, 52. 



[ 191 ] 



Index 



Jackman, Enoch G., 104. 

Jackson, Andrew, 75-80, 83, loi. 

Jackson, Judge, 35. 

Jackson, William, 99. 

Jail, 10, 25. 

Jefferson, Thomas, 32, 53. 

Johnson, Rev. Robert J., 165, 167, 

184. 
Jones, Ezra, 1 31-139. 
Jones, Harriet, 151. 

Kendall's Cotillion Band, 73. 

Key Bridge, 152. 

Keye, The, 3. 

Keyes, Edward L., 143, 152. 

Kimball, Theodore T., 4, 91, 92, 

120, 137, 150. 
King, D., 41. 

King, John, 93, 127, 128, 147. 
Kingman, David, 4, 91. 
Kingsbury, Joseph, 5, 183. 
Kingsbury, L. H., 128. 
Knapp, 31. 
KosciuskOj 102. 

Lafayette, 47-50, 175-180. 
Lamson, Rev. Alvan, 35, 36, 41, 
43,46,S4>99, 104, 117, 133,156. 
Lebosquet, 19. 
Lee, William Raymond, 58. 
Lewis, Samuel, 91, 92. 
Liberal Party, 86, 104, 106, 107. 
Liberty Party, 124. 
Lincoln, Abraham, 144-150. 
Lincoln, Gov., 78, 79. 
Lincoln Wide-Awakes, 158. 
Loggerhead. See Flip Iron. 
Loring, John H., 120, 121. 
Loring, Jonathan H., 150. 
Lovering, Nathaniel P., 87. 
Lyceum, 74. 



Mahoney, Dolores, 160. 



Mann, Herman, Sr., 8, 21. 

Mann, Herman, Jr. (Diary often 
quoted), 30, 34, 43, 85, 91, 103, 
104, no. 

Mann, Horace, 46, 53, 54, 82, 102, 
144. 

Mann, J. N. E., 91, 103, 120. 

Mann, Samuel C, 85, 92, 96, 123, 
128, 137, 147, iSO> 152. 

Mann, William H., 34, 74, 91, 92, 
93, 103, 120, 123, 128, 136, 137. 

Marcy, Gov., I^), 79. 

Marden, Marietta, 166. 

Marsh, Daniel, 85. 

Marsh, Francis, 150. 

Marsh, Henry, 12. 

Marsh, Martin, 6-26; and else- 
where. 

Marsh (of Roxbury), 133. 

Masonic Hall, 11. 

Masons, The {see Constellation 
Lodge; Anti-Masons), 10, li, 
31,32,33,34,51,92,95,127. 

Mathew, Father, 135. 

Maynadier, G. Howard. Preface. 

McClosky, Margaret Ann Vin- 
cent, 160. 

Mclntire, Edmond, 120-132, 150. 

Mclntire, Samuel, 63, 68, 95, 129. 

Mclntire's Stage, lir. 

Mcintosh, Elisha, 150. 

Meeting House. See First Church 
in Dedham. 

Merrick, Pliny, 53, 94. 

Messenger, Jason, 18, 19, 51. 

Metcalf, J., 14. 

Metcalf, Joseph, no. 

Metcalf, Luther, 137. 

Metcalf, T., 112. 

Metcalf, Theodore, 96. 

Metcalf, Theron, 21, 53, 82, 84, 182. 

Militia {jee Dedham Light In- 
fantry), 20, 88, 100, 128, 136. 



[ 192 ] 



Index 



Miller, P. W., 134. 

Mills, John, 83. 

Monroe, George H., 147, 148, 

149. 
Monroe, H., 103. 
Monroe, James, 14, 32. 
Morse, Albert, 118, 136. 
Morse, John, 18, 84, 96, 150. 
Morse, Reuben, 18. 
Morton, Marcus, 53, 83, 94. 
Mowry, Israel, 150. 

Nash, J. W., 71. 

Newell, Artemas, 20. 

Newell, Ebenezer, 91, 92. 

Newell, Marshall, 136. 

Norfolk Administration Conven- 
tion, 81. 

Norfolk Agricultural Society, 152. 

Norfolk and Bristol Turnpike, II, 
63. 

Norfolk Association of Teachers, 
no. 

Norfolk Convention, 15. 

Norfolk Mutual Fire Insurance 
Co., 6, 55, 154. 

North, James, 20. 

Noyes, Samuel, 42, 46. 

Onion, Joseph, 85. 
Otis, James, 26, 29, 53. 
Owens, Nathaniel, 20. 

Parker, Daniel, 136. 
Parker, Isaac, 35, 52, 53. 
Parsons, Theophilus, 26, 53. 
Parties, 23, 36, 39, 40, 70, 71, 74, 

118, 121, 122, 125, 126, 127, 

135, 136, ISO, 157- 
Partridge, Rev. Emmons, 1 19. 
Pedrick, William, 99. 
People's Line of Stage Coaches, 

65, (i(>. 



Pennypacker, Grace F., 185. 

Perry, Clara, 166. 

Phillips, George A., 1 10. 

Phillips, John, 5. 

Phillips, Nathan, 96, 150. 

Phillips, Nicholas, 5. 

Phillips, Wendell, 124. 

Phipps, William, 18, 

Phoenix Hotel, 3, 4, 18, 27, 37, 66, 

74,83,84,94,126,132,133,134, 

141, 142, 146, 150, 151, 152, 153, 

'i-'^^l, 158. 
Pierce, O., 91. 
Pioneer Line, 66. 
Pitt's Head Monument, 10, 152. 
Poinsett, "jd. 
Policy's Tavern, 3, 14. 
Porch (Portico), 58, 64, 78, 79, 80, 

III. 
Powder House, 10, 128, 152, 153. 
Powell, Michael, 2. 
Powers, L., 103. 
Prescott, Alfred, 138. 
Providence Railroad, 52, 58, 67, 

89, 90, 113. 
Putnam, Israel, 29. 
Putnam, Judge, 35, 94. 
Putnam, Samuel, 53. 

Quincy, Josiah, 47, 99. 
Quirk, Mary Frances, 160. 

Randall, 128. 

Rantoul, Robert, 53. 

Reed, Aloysia, 159. 

Reed, CD., 118. 

Reed, T., 128. 

Republican meetings, 14, 15, 81, 

82, 83, 84. 
Rhoades, Lewis, 150. 
Richards, A., Abr., Abiathar, 12, 

13, 91, 92, 128, 137, 147, ISO- 
Richards, Caroline A., 36. 



[ 193 ] 



Index 



Richards, Charles, 85, 150. 

Richards, Dr., 14. 

Richards, Edmund M., 30. 

Richards, Edward M., 82. 

Richards, Giles, 54. 

Richards, J., 14. 

Richards, Joel, 93, 96, 150. 

Richards, Joseph, 137. 

Richards, M., 42. 

Richards, Mason, no. 

Richards, S., 12. 

Richardson, James, 28, 41, 42, 43, 
45, 76, 79, 82, 84, 86, 87, 93, 100, 
103, 109, 119, 138, 144, 147, 154. 

Richardson, Rev., 31. 

Richmond, Carmi, 147. 

Rider, T. P., 103. 

Robbins, Edward H., 34. 

Robinson, Elbridge G., 85, 96, 104, 

"5- 

RoUand, Sybil E., 166. 
Ruggles, John, 86. 
Ruggles, Nathaniel, 13, 16. 
Russell, Ira, 96. 
Russell & Baker, 150. 

Saint Mary's School and Asylum, 

159-168. 
Sampson, E. W., 92, 128, 137, 

ISO. 
Sanger, George P., 53. 
Sargeant, John, 82. 
Schermerhorn, Bernard, 166. 
School House, 9, 47. 
Selfridge, Thomas O., 16. 
Sewall, Charles C, 46. 
Sewall, Samuel, 26, 53. 
Shattuck, William, 118. 
Shaw, E., 40. 
Shaw, Lemuel, 53, 94. 
Shaw, Robert G., 157. 
Shepard, L., 91. 
Shepard's Tavern, 82, 91, 



Shoots, 43, 44, 91, 92, 128, 137, 
153- 

Shorb, Ann Alexis, 159. 

Sign of Tavern. See Tavern Sign. 

Simpson and Mears, 138. 

Singers of First Parish, 30, 39. 

Sister Anselm, 162. 

Sister Catherine, 162. 

Sister Mary Ann Alexis, 165. 

Sister Mary Frances, 165. 

Sister Mary Genevieve, 165. 

Sister Mary Josephine, 165. 

Sister Mary Martin, 165. 

Sister Mary Theotina, 165. 

Sister Mary Victorina, 16^. 

Sister Mary Vincent, 165. 

Sister Veronica, 162. 

Skinner, Rev. O. A., 119. 

Smith, Abijah, 75. 

Smith, Asahel, no, 150. 

Smith, Frank, 66. 

Smith, Josiah, 92. 

Smith, Sabin M., 105. 

Smith, Simeon, 103, 104, 105. 

Smith, WilHam, 12, 147, 150. 

Smith, Mr. & Mrs. W. H., 74. 

Smith's Tavern, 3. 

Society in Dedham for Appre- 
hending Horse Thieves, 16, 18, 
141, 150. 

Soule, Ephraim, 85. 

Spear, William H., no. 

Spindle, Theodore P., 168. 

Stage Coaches, 60-67, §9, 90. 

Stearns, William, 91, 128, 137. 

Stevens, William, 92. 

Stewart, Dr. A. H., 166. 

Stimson, Jeremy, 86, 109, 150. 

Stimson, Lovett, 39, 40, 70, 151. 

Stone, Eliphalet, 73, 120, 150. 

Story, Joseph, 53. 

Strong, Caleb, 53. 

Suffolk Convention, 3. 

[ 194 ] 



i 



Index 



Sumner, Allen M., 185. 
Sumner, Jabez, 150. 
Sumner, Joseph, 104, 150. 
Sumner, William H., 87, 91. 
Swan, Joseph Jr., 18. 
Swett, Samuel, 84, 90, 109, 
ISO. 

Taft, Ezra W., 85, 96, 147, 150. 

Taft, Frederick A., 85, no. 

Taft's Tavern, 55. 

Tavern Sign, 38. 

Taylor, Zachary, 144, 146. 

Temperance Hall, 106, 144, 145, 

149, 155. 
Temperance Party, 86, 104, 105, 

106, 107, 132. 
Thatcher, Judge, 35. 
Thayer, Elisha, 83. 
Thompson, 119. 
Thompson, Joshua P., 150. 
Thompson, Robert, 150. 
Thompson's Hotel, 62. 
Thorp, Eliphalet, 17. 
Tillinghast, A., 103. 
Tilton, John, 4. 
Tisdale, James, 20. 
Town House, 88,98, 115. 
Townsend, Horatio, 24. 
Trescott, R. G., 97. 
Tubbs, B. H., 71. 
Tucker, George W., 126. 
Turkey Shoots, 43, 44. 
Tuttle, Julius H., Preface. 
Tyler, John, 88, 122, 123. 

Union Musical Society, 21. 
Unitarian Church. See First 

Church in Dedham. 
Universalists, 119. 

Van Buren, Martin, '](), 79, 80, 87, 
122, 146. 

[ I 



Virgin, Rev. Edward W., 58, 63, 
68, 165. 

Wade, John, 94. 
Walpole, Artillery, 76. 
Ware, Jairus, 81. 
Warren, Joseph, 102. 
Washington, George, 29, 32, 38, 

SO, loi, 102. 
Washingtonian Movement, 104. 
Waterman, Henry, 126. 
Weatherbee, Jesse, 118, 150. 
Webb, Richard, 20. 
Webster, Daniel, 35, ^\, S3, 84, 

102. 
Weld, Edward D., 96, 104. 
Whig Meetings, 83, 84, 8s, 86, 87, 

88, 89, IIS, 116, 117, 121, 122, 

123,124,136,137, 143,144,14s, 

146. 
White, A. B., 71. 
White, Adam H., 4. 
White, Rev. John, 43, 100. 
White, Rev. M., 46. 
Whiting, Hezekiah, 12, 120. 
Whiting, Isaac, n, 30, 150. 
Whiting, Joseph, 8, 14, 128, 

ISO. 
Whiting, Nathaniel, 17. 
Whiting, Peletiah, 150. 
Whiting, Samuel, 72, 73, 92. 
Whiting, William, 120, 123. 
Whitney, Miss, 144. 
Whittemore, 19. 
Wight, Ebenezer, iso, 
Wilde, Samuel C, S3. 94- 
Wilder, Joseph A., 96, 104, 115. 
Wilkinson, Ezra, 143. 
Williams, Gen., 76. 
Williams, John, Si- 
Williams, John S., IS- 
Wilson, Gen., 117. 
Wilson, John F., 150. 

95 1 



Index 



Wilson, Reuben S., 120, 126, 

ISO. 
Winch Family, 137. 
Winslow, George, 147. 
Winthrop, Robert C., 53, 99. 
Withycombe, 40. 



Woodbury, Gov., 76, 79. 
Woodward, Richard, 3. 
Woodward's Tavern, 3, 9. 
Worthington, Erastus, 15, 55, 63, 
81, 109. 



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